希臘拉丁醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語詞根.doc

英中希臘例詞拉丁例詞sigmoid乙狀結(jié)腸sigmoid-oscopy檢查鏡rectum直腸procto(co)-lectomy直/結(jié)腸切除術(shù)recto-vaginal直腸陰道的anus肛門ano-anorectal肛門直腸的liver肝hepato-heparin肝素注：hepto-七；hapto接觸gall/bladdervesica fella膽囊cholecysto-itis 膽囊炎-ectomy膽囊切除術(shù)注：choledocho-總膽管/cholangio-膽管pancreas胰腺pancreato-duodenectomymouth口oro-phargeal口咽的注：orifice指體腔的任何口，如：cervicalorifice子宮頸口 stomato-itis 口炎lip/labium唇cheilo-cheilitis唇炎labio-dental唇齒的palate腭urano-rrhaphy腭裂縫術(shù)-plasty腭成形術(shù)palato-palatal腭的-schisis腭裂uvula懸雍垂staphylo-注：另義為葡萄狀-ptosis懸雍垂下垂uvulo-palatopharyngoplasty懸雍垂腭咽成形術(shù)tonsil扁桃體amygdalo-tomy部分切除術(shù)-id 扁桃體樣的tonsillo-ectomy扁桃體切除術(shù)cheekmala頰注：mala另義為顴骨；zygoma另義為顴骨bucco-buccal頰的buccolingual 頰舌的chin頦genio-plasty頦成形術(shù)mento-menton頦點-labial頦唇的tonguelingua舌glosso-pharyngeal舌咽的linguo-salivary舌唾液腺的jaw頜gnatho-gnathion頜下點orthognathic正頜學(xué)upper jawmaxilla上頜骨maxillo-facial上頜面lower jawmandibulla下頜mandibullo-mandibulectomy下頜骨切除術(shù)gumgingivae齒齦gingivo-gingivitis齦炎tooth牙odonto-blast成牙質(zhì)細(xì)胞dento-dentalgia牙痛cementum牙骨質(zhì)cemento-genesis牙骨質(zhì)發(fā)生pulp牙髓pulpo-pulpitis牙髓炎enamel釉質(zhì)amelo-ameloblastoma成釉質(zhì)細(xì)胞瘤urine尿uro-uremia尿毒癥urokinase尿激酶urino-urination排尿genitourinary 生殖泌尿的-uriadysuria排尿困難pyuria膿尿kidney腎nephro-nephron腎單位nephrosis腎（?。┳儯ㄓ戎改I小管）reno-renin腎素adrenalin腎上腺素renal colic 腎絞痛renal pelvis腎盂pyelo-nephritis腎盂腎炎pelvio-plasty腎盂成形術(shù)ureteropelvic輸尿管腎盂的ureter輸尿管uretero-cystoscope輸尿管膀胱鏡bladdercysto-cystitis膀胱炎cystine胱氨酸vesico-stomy膀胱切開術(shù)urethra尿道urethro-urethritis尿道炎meato-meatal尿道的meatoplasty尿道成形術(shù)stonecalculus結(jié)石litho-lithiasis結(jié)石病nephrolithiasis腎結(jié)石calculo-urinary calculus 尿路結(jié)石reproduction生殖germ(in)o-germinoma生殖細(xì)胞瘤genitor-genitalis生殖器woman/female女性gyneco-gynecology婦科學(xué)femino-feminize使女性化estro-estrogen雌激素estradiol雌二醇o(jì)vary/ovarium卵巢oophoroootheco-（少用）oophoritis卵巢炎o(hù)vario-ovariectomy卵巢切除術(shù)ovarian cancer 卵巢癌fallopian tubeoviductsalphinx輸卵管salpingo-salpigitis輸卵管炎注：salpingo-oophorectomy輸卵管卵巢切除術(shù)wombuterus子宮hystero-hysterectomy子宮切除術(shù)utero-uterine leiomyoma 子宮平滑肌瘤metro-endometrial子宮內(nèi)膜的vagina陰道vagino-vaginitis陰道炎egg/ovum卵oo-oocyte卵母細(xì)胞oval cell 卵細(xì)胞ovo-ovalbumin卵白蛋白mensesmenstruation月經(jīng)meno-menopause絕經(jīng)dysmenorrheal痛經(jīng)注：國內(nèi)與日本文獻(xiàn)中常用menorrhea，但西方幾乎不用。pregnancygravidity妊娠pregno-pregneninolone孕烯炔醇酮first pregnant trimester 妊娠首三月amnion羊膜amnio-centesis羊膜穿刺amniotic fluid 羊水注：amino-氨基酸（拼寫相近）chorion絨毛膜chorio-amnionitis絨毛膜羊膜炎chorionic gonadotropin 絨毛膜促性腺激素embryo胚胎embryo-nic stem cells胚胎干細(xì)胞-dermmesoderm中胚層deliverychildbirthlabour分娩toco-tocopheral生育酚tocolytic agent保胎藥物-paraprimipara初產(chǎn)婦conjoined twins聯(lián)胎-didymusthoraco-胸部聯(lián)胎-paguscraniopagus顱部聯(lián)胎man, male,virility男性andro-androgen雄激素androgenic steroid雄性類固醇scrotum陰囊注：oscheo-（極少用）scroto-plasty陰囊成形術(shù)testistesticledidymus（極少用）睪丸orchio-orchiectomy睪丸切除術(shù)cryptorchidism隱睪癥testo-testosterone睪酮spermspermatozoonsemen精子spermato-spermatic cord精索semino-seminoma 精原細(xì)胞瘤prostate 前列腺prostato-prostaglandin前列腺素prostatic hyperplasis前列腺增生secretion分泌-crineendocrine內(nèi)分泌exocrine外分泌autocrine自分泌paracine副分泌hypothalamus下丘腦hypothalamo-hypothalamo-pituiary-adrenalaxis下丘腦-垂體-腎上腺軸pituitary垂體hypophysohypophysectomy垂體切除術(shù)注：hypnosis催眠松果體pinealo-pinealocyte松果體細(xì)胞pineal melatonin松果體素thyroid甲狀腺thyro-thyrotropin促甲狀腺素triiodothyronine三碘甲狀腺原氨酸adrenal腎上腺adreno-adrenergicnoradrenaline去甲腎上腺素beta-adrenergic receptors b-腎上腺素能受體gonad性腺gonado-gonadotropin促性腺激素hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis下丘腦-垂體-性腺軸nerve, nervus神經(jīng)neuro-neuron神經(jīng)元neurotransmitter神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)brainencephalon腦袋encephalo-pathy腦病encephalitis腦炎mesencephalon間腦rhombencephalon菱腦cerebrum大腦cerebro-cerebrospinal 腦脊髓的 cerebrovascular accident 腦血管意外cerebellum小腦cerebello-pontine小腦腦橋的thalamus丘腦thalamo-thalamocortical丘腦皮質(zhì)的subthalamus丘腦下 epithalamus上丘腦 hypothalamus下丘腦pons橋腦ponto-pontomedullary腦橋延髓的ponto-geniculo-occipital腦橋膝枕部的hippocampus海馬hippocampo-hippurate馬尿酸鹽 （注：hippo吐根）hippocampal pyramidal neuron海馬椎體神經(jīng)元amygdala杏仁核amygdalo-amygdaloid body 杏仁核 basolateral amygdala底外側(cè)杏仁核（注：多指扁桃體結(jié)構(gòu)，另義為“扁桃體”）cortex皮質(zhì)cortico-steroid皮質(zhì)類固醇marrow髓質(zhì)medullo-blastoma成神經(jīng)管細(xì)胞瘤-epithelioma髓上皮瘤renal medullary 腎上腺髓質(zhì)的（注：另議為“延腦”；不僅用于神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)）meninges腦膜脊髓膜meningo-meningitis腦（脊）膜炎arachnoid蛛網(wǎng)膜arachnoido-arachnoiditis蛛網(wǎng)膜炎arachidonic cyst蛛網(wǎng)膜囊腫（注：arachinoid花生四烯酸）dura硬膜dur-duroarachnitis硬膜蛛網(wǎng)膜炎epidural anesthesia硬膜外麻醉ventricle腦室ventriculo-ventriculography腦室造影術(shù)pyramid椎體pyramido-pyramidal neuron椎體神經(jīng)元extrapyramidal tract 椎體束外的radicle神經(jīng)根radiculo-radiculopathy神經(jīng)根病axon軸，軸突axo-axotomy軸索顯微手術(shù)axonal degeneration 軸索變性dendrite樹突dendro-dendrogram樹突描記圖dendritic spine樹狀棘synapse突觸synapto-synaptosome突觸體注：synapsis聯(lián)會（遺傳學(xué)）（詞源相同）sympathetic交感神經(jīng)的sympatho-mimetic擬交感神經(jīng)的sympathetic nerve交感神經(jīng)的vagus迷走神經(jīng)vago-vagotomy迷走神經(jīng)切斷術(shù)；vagal tone迷走神經(jīng)張力mind精神心理psycho-psychic disorder精神疾病to know 認(rèn)知-gnosisprognosis預(yù)后diagnosis診斷agnosia失認(rèn)dysgnosia智力障礙fear恐怖-phobiaaerophobia恐高癥skin/cutis皮膚derm(ato)-dermatitis皮炎cut-subcutaneous皮下的hair毛發(fā)tricho-trichomonad毛滴蟲pilo-pilocarpine毛果蕓香堿eye眼ophthalmo-logy眼科學(xué)oculooculomotor動眼的eyelidpalpebra眼瞼blepharo-blepharoptosis上瞼下垂 注：phlebo-靜脈（拼寫相近）lens晶狀體phaco-phacoemulsification晶狀體乳化法vitreum玻璃體vitreo-vitrectomy 玻璃體摘除術(shù) vitreous humour玻璃體注：vitriol礬（拼寫相近）cornea角膜kerato-keratitis角膜炎 orthokeratology角膜矯正術(shù)conjunctiva結(jié)膜conjunctivo-conjunctivitis結(jié)膜炎sclera鞏膜sclero-scleritis鞏膜炎 icteric sclera 鞏膜黃染注：另義為“硬化”，如sclerosisiris虹膜irido-iridocyclitis虹膜睫狀體炎retina視網(wǎng)膜retino-retinal視黃醛retinol視黃醇choroid脈絡(luò)膜choroido-choroiditis脈絡(luò)膜炎 注：chorion絨毛膜（拼寫相近）ear/auris耳oto-otorhinolaryngology 耳鼻喉科學(xué)drum membrane鼓膜myringo-myringotomy鼓膜切開術(shù)tympanic/cavity鼓室tympano-tympanoplasty鼓室成形術(shù)tympanitic membrane鼓膜nose鼻rhino-rhinitis鼻炎naso-nasopharynx鼻咽sense/sensation感覺(a)esthesio-anesthesia麻醉注：aesthetic美學(xué)的（拼寫相近）signt/vision視覺-opiamyopia 近視-opsiaoscillopsia振動幻視hearing聽覺acou-anacousia聾audio-audiometry聽力檢查法smell/olfaction嗅覺osmo-anosmia嗅覺缺失注：另義為“滲透”taste味覺-geusisageusia味覺缺失gusto-gustatory味覺的touch觸覺hapto-haptic觸覺的注：hepato- 肝/hepto-七（拼寫相近）thigmo-thigmotaxis趨觸性muscle/musculus肌肉myo-myocardial心肌的musculo-skeletal肌肉骨骼的注：其他含“肌，肉”義的詞或構(gòu)詞形：flesh； caro-，carnitine肉毒堿；sacro-，sacroma肉瘤；creato-，creatine肌酸；ino-，inotropic影響肌肉收縮力的bone/os骨osteo-osteoporosis骨質(zhì)疏松癥osseo-ossification骨化cartilage軟骨chondro-chondrocyte軟骨細(xì)胞注：choroido-絨毛膜（拼寫相近）tendon肌腱tendo-tendosynovitis 腱鞘炎ligament韌帶syndesmo-syndesmosis韌帶聯(lián)合desmo-desmoplasia結(jié)締組織生成skull/cranium顱骨cranio-craniocerebral顱與腦的spine/spinal cord脊髓rachio-rachitic佝僂病的vertebra椎體spondylo-spondylitis脊椎炎vertebro-vertebrate有脊柱的disc/diskdisco-/disko-diskectomy椎間盤切除術(shù)sacrum骶骨sacro-sacrococcygeal骶尾的注：occyx尾骨（因形似杜鵑而得名）rib/costa肋骨costo-clavicular肋鎖的costal cartilage肋軟骨sternum胸骨sterno-sternocleidomastoid胸鎖乳突的clavicle鎖骨cleido-cleidocranial鎖骨顱骨的heel bonecalcaneus根骨calcaneo-fibular跟腓的ischium坐骨ischio-femoral坐骨股骨的注：ischo-閉止（拼寫相近）joint關(guān)節(jié)arthro-arthritis關(guān)節(jié)炎 arthropod節(jié)肢動物synovia滑膜synovio-synovitis滑膜炎cellcorpuscle細(xì)胞cyto-cytochrome細(xì)胞色素 注：cysto-囊腫-cytecytotoxic T lymphocyte 細(xì)胞毒性T淋巴細(xì)胞-phil(e)neutropil嗜中性細(xì)胞blast胚細(xì)胞blasto-blastocyst胚囊fibroblast成纖維細(xì)胞nucleus核karyo-type染色體組型nucleo-tide核苷酸 -side核苷-lus核仁 -lolus核仁小斑ribo-ribonucleic acid核糖核酸plasma原生質(zhì)胞漿plasmo-plasmon細(xì)胞基因組織 plasma membrane 質(zhì)膜-plastprotoplast原質(zhì)型 endoplastic內(nèi)質(zhì)的colour染色chromo-chromosome染色體 chromatid染色單體 chromatin染色質(zhì)注：autosome常染色體ploidy倍體-ploiddiploid二倍體 polyploid多倍體 aneuploid非整倍體haploid單倍體-valent價的-valentdivalent二價的monovalent單價的thread線mito-mitosis有絲分裂 mitochondrion線粒體-nemapachynema粗線期 zygonema偶線期注：-nema用于有絲分裂中的分期-tenepeptotene細(xì)線期 zygotene偶線期 pachytene粗線期diplotene雙線期 注：-tene用于減數(shù)分裂I期中的進(jìn)一步分期phase/stage期-phaseprophase前期 metaphase中期 anaphase后期 注：-phase 用語減數(shù)分裂II期中的進(jìn)一步分期-centric/-mere著絲粒-centricpoly-centric多著絲粒的telo-末端telotelophase末期telomere端粒gene基因geno-genome基因組發(fā)生-genesisgameto-配子發(fā)生 carcinogenesis癌發(fā)生-genyprogeny后代 注：gony-膝（拼寫相近）gamete配子gameto-gamo-（少用）gametocyte配子母細(xì)胞gamogony配子生殖monogamy一夫一妻制pheno-表型phenol-phenotype表型zygote合子zygo-heterozygote雜合子homozygote純合子zygoma顴骨 zygodactyl并指（趾）（畸形）tissue組織histo-histocompatibility組織相容性皮-thelium-thelia（復(fù)）epithelium上皮fat脂肪lipo-lipase脂肪酶lipoxygenase脫脂合酶adipo-fibroma脂肪纖維瘤adipose tissue脂肪組織steato-stearo-steatosis皮脂腺病stearic acid硬脂酸membrane/tunica膜membranetransmembranous跨膜的intramembranous膜內(nèi)的tunicatunica vaginalis testis睪丸鞘膜layer/lamina層lamino-lamina propria 固有層fiber纖維fibro-ino-（少用）fibroblast成纖維細(xì)胞flesh肉sarco-sarcoma肉瘤carno-carnitine肉毒堿ino-inotropic影響肌收縮力creato-creatine kinase肌酸激酶striated muscle橫紋肌rhabdomyo-sarcoma橫紋肌肉瘤smooth muscle平滑肌leiomyo-leiomyoma平滑肌瘤注：lieo-回腸（拼寫相近）cortex皮質(zhì)cortico-corticosterone皮質(zhì)酮marrow/medulla髓質(zhì)medullo-medulloepithelioma鞘上皮瘤sheath鞘vagino-theco-（少用）vaginectomy睪丸鞘膜切除術(shù)node結(jié)nodulo-nodular goiter結(jié)節(jié)性甲狀腺腫sinus竇antro-antroduodenal胃竇十二指腸注：andro-雄sino-sinoatrial心房的sick sinus syndrome病態(tài)竇房結(jié)綜合癥door/porta/hilumhilus門pyle-pylephlebitis門靜脈炎porto-portography門靜脈造影術(shù)portal hypertension門靜脈高壓注：pyle-多指門靜脈/pyleo-多指腎盂/pyloro-幽門pore/foramen孔foramino-tomy椎間孔切開術(shù)trabecula小梁trabeculo-trabeculectomy小梁切除術(shù)lobe/leaf葉lobo-lobectomy葉切除術(shù)temporal lobe 顳葉cord索cordo-corditis精索炎wall壁/頂parieto-parietotemporal頂顳的nail甲o(hù)nycho-onychosis甲病 注：oncho-腫瘤（拼寫相近）blood/hemahemato-hematoma血腫-poiesis血細(xì)胞生成sangui-sanguine多血的hemo-hemorrhage出血serum/whey血清oro-orosomucoid血清粘蛋白sero-serotonin血清素serotype血清型lymph淋巴lympho-lymphocyte淋巴細(xì)胞lymphokine淋巴因子注：nymph小陰唇milk/lac乳galacto-galactose半乳糖galactorrhea乳溢lacto-lactoferrin乳鐵蛋白bile/chole/gall膽汁cholo-cholelithiasis膽石病bili-bilirubin膽紅素spit/saliva唾液sialo-glycoprotein唾液酸糖蛋白sialic唾液（酸）的ptyalo-ptyalism涎分泌過多tear淚dacryo-dacryocystitis淚囊炎lacrimalacrimonasal淚鼻的chyle乳糜chylo-chylothorax乳糜性水胸chymopapain木瓜凝乳蛋白乳注：chyme食糜phlegm/mucus黏液blenno-blennadenitis黏液腺炎muco-mucous黏液的，分泌黏液的mucocele黏液囊腫（息肉）myxo-myxoma黏液瘤sweatperspirationdiaphoresis汗液hidro-hidradenitis汗腺炎sudo-sudomotor催汗的stool/feces/dung糞copro-sterco-coproporphyrinogen糞卟呤原immune免疫immuno-immunoblotting免疫印記thymus胸腺thymo-thymine胸腺嘧啶注：另義為“情感、精神”spleen/lien脾spleno-splenectomy脾切除術(shù)allergyoversensitivityanaphylaxis過敏allegro-allergen過敏原anaphylatoxin過敏毒素life生物bio-biosynthesis生物合成vito-vitamin維生素vivo-in vivo在活體內(nèi)plant植物botano-botany植物學(xué)phyto-phytohemagglutinin 植物血細(xì)胞凝集素leaf/folium葉phyllo-phylloquinone葉綠醌注：folic acid葉酸t(yī)ree/arbor樹arboro-arborization（樹狀）分支root/radix根rhizo-rhizotomy脊神經(jīng)跟切斷術(shù)fruit果fructo-fructarian果食者nake裸gymno-gymnosperm裸子植物gymnasium體操館（原意為to exercise naked裸體鍛煉）animal動物zoo-zoology動物學(xué)fish魚ichthyo-ichthyosis魚鱗病注：ischo-閉止；ischio-坐骨bull牛tauro-taurine牛磺酸spine/thorn棘刺acantho-acanthosis棘皮癥echino-echinocyte棘紅細(xì)胞insect昆蟲entomo-entomology昆蟲學(xué)human/ hominidman人anthropoanthropometry人體測量germ/bacterium細(xì)菌bacterio-bacteriology細(xì)菌學(xué)coccus球菌-coccopneumococcus肺炎球菌staphylococcus葡萄球菌streptokinase鏈球菌激酶escherichia大腸桿菌coli-colibacillosis大腸桿菌注：Theodor Escherich發(fā)現(xiàn)此菌，故名escherichia bacillus-ella菌人名+ellasalmonella沙門氏菌shigella志賀氏菌virus病毒-viridaeretroviridae逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒worm蠕蟲-wormtapeworm絳蟲eelworm線蟲roundworm蛔蟲athero-粥樣athero-atherosclerosis 動脈粥樣硬化注：arthro-關(guān)節(jié)；anthro-人類；atelo-發(fā)育不全（拼寫相近）cavern空洞syringo-syringomyelia脊髓空洞癥注：另義為“瘺”，“丁香花”（花莖可制笛）spitting咯-ptysishemoptysis咯血death死thanato-gnomonic死征euthanasia安樂死m(xù)ortal-mortality死亡率necro-necrosis壞死tumor necrosis factor腫瘤壞死因子fever/pyrexia發(fā)熱pyro-antipyretic退熱的，解熱劑febri-febrile熱的，發(fā)熱的inflammation炎癥phlogo-phlogistic炎性的phlogotic炎性的-itishepatitis肝炎tumo(u)r/massneoplasm腫瘤onco-oncogene致癌基因注：-cele腫塊，如varicocele精索靜脈曲張tumori-tumorigenesis腫瘤發(fā)生-omahepatoma肝細(xì)胞瘤neoplasio-neoplastic新生物瘤的cancer/carcinomamalignancy癌carcino-carcinogenesis癌發(fā)生prolapse下垂-ptosisptosis上瞼下垂apoptosis細(xì)胞凋亡注：-ptysis咳、咯（拼寫相近）pain/dolor/ache疼痛-algianeuralgia神經(jīng)痛-odyniaosteodynia骨痛pus膿pyo-pyogenes釀膿注：pustular膿包的（詞義區(qū)別）rupture/rhegma破裂-rrhexisamniorrhexis羊膜破裂stroke/paralysispalsy麻痹癱瘓-plegiaparaplegia 截癱-plexyapoplexy中風(fēng)卒中stone/calculus結(jié)石litho-cholelithiasis膽結(jié)石注：biliary calculus膽結(jié)石vomiting 嘔吐-emesis-emeticantiemetic抗嘔吐的disease/illnessdisorder/sicknessmaladie疾病patho-pathogenesis發(fā)病機(jī)理-iaarrhythmia心律不齊noso-nosological疾病分類學(xué)的-igovertigo眩暈-iasispsoriasis牛皮癬schistosomiasis血吸蟲病morbido-morbidity發(fā)病，發(fā)病率-ismalcoholism酗酒-emiahypercholesterolemia高膽固醇血癥-lepsyepilepsy癲癇-osisthrombosis血栓形成meter計表-meterspirometer呼吸量計；肺量計measurement測定-metrypelvimetry骨盆測量法lens鏡-scopelaryngoscope喉鏡-scopy鏡檢bronchoscopy支氣管鏡檢查record/picture圖像-gramelectrocardiogram心電圖instrument描記器/圖-graphelectrocardiograph心電圖計recording描計術(shù)-graphyhysterosalpingography子宮輸卵管照相術(shù)determination測定-assayradioimmunoassay放射免疫測定layer體層/斷層tomo-lamino-（少用）tomographyX線斷層照相術(shù)carry （攜帶）泳-phoresiselectrophoresis電泳physics物理physio-physiotherapy物理療法movementmotionlocomotion運動moto-motoneuron運動神經(jīng)元kinesio-kinesiology運動學(xué)kinetio-kinetics動力學(xué) pharmocokinetics藥物動力學(xué)scinti-閃爍scinti-scintigraphy閃爍法speed/ratevelocity速度veloci-velocimetry速度測量timechrono-chronologicaltempo-rospatial時空的length長度longi-longitudinalis縱的，縱肌height/altitude高度hypso-hypsarrhythmia高度節(jié)律失常density密度densito-densitometry密度測定法heat熱t(yī)hermo-thermometer溫度計calori-calorimetry 側(cè)熱法pyro-pyrogen致熱原cold冷cryo-cryosurgery低溫外科solid固體stereo-stereoagnosis實體缺失gas/vapour氣體vaporo-vaporizer汽化器，噴霧器air空氣aero-aerosol氣溶膠，氣霧劑physo-physostigmine毒扁豆堿light/lumen光photo-/phos-photosynthetic光合作用的phosgene光氣voice/sound聲音phonetics語音學(xué)sono-sonography超聲描記術(shù)echo回聲echo-echocardiography超聲心動描記術(shù)electricity電electro-electrophysiology電生理學(xué)current流rheo-rheology流變學(xué)magnet磁magneto-electromagnetic電磁的ray射線roentgeno-roentgenolucent可透X線的radio-radioisotope放射性核素strength/forcepower力dynamo-pharmacodynamic藥效學(xué)的pressure壓baro-baroreceptor壓力感受器tension張力teno-tensor張肌weight/gravity重力gravio-graviometric比重測定的viscosity黏visco-viscometer黏度計lancet刀-tomeosteotome骨鑿注：lancet柳葉刀incision/sectionamputation切斷術(shù)-tomylaparotomy剖腹術(shù)注：incision切口；section切開術(shù)（詞義區(qū)別）excision/resectionremoval切除術(shù)-ectomycholecystectomy膽囊切除術(shù)注：resection,excision均義為“切除”opening造口術(shù)-stomygastrostomy胃造口術(shù)shape成形術(shù)-plastyarthroplasty關(guān)節(jié)成形術(shù)sew/suture/rhaphe縫合術(shù)-rraphyherniorrhaphy疝縫合術(shù)注：suture另義為“縫線”seam縫fixationimmobilization固定術(shù)-desisarthrodesis關(guān)節(jié)固定術(shù)-pexymastopexy乳房固定術(shù)loosening松解術(shù)-lysisarthrolysis關(guān)節(jié)松解術(shù)correction矯正術(shù)ortho-orthopedics矯形外科學(xué)puncture穿刺術(shù)-centesisthoracocentesis胸腔穿刺術(shù)環(huán)鉆術(shù)trepo-trepanation環(huán)鉆術(shù)cold冷凍cryo-cryosurgery低溫外科注：crypto-隱性（拼寫相近）plantation植術(shù)planto-transplantation移植術(shù)drug/medicine藥pharmaco-pharmacology藥理學(xué)treatment/remedytherapy療法-therapychemotherapy化學(xué)療法-mimetic擬parasympathomimetics擬副交感神經(jīng)藥物make/creative生成-poiesishematopoiesis血液生成receptor受體-receptorphotoreceptor光受體poison/toxin毒toxico-toxicology毒理學(xué)anesthesia麻醉narco-narcotic麻醉insula胰島insulino-insulinoma胰島瘤salicyl水楊酸salicylo-salicylate水楊酸鹽ergot麥角ergo-ergotamine麥角胺thymus麝香草thymo-thymol麝香草酚citric acid檸檬酸citro-citrate枸櫞酸鹽注：cistron順反子（拼寫相近）-mycin霉菌素-mycinmitomycin絲裂霉素enema灌腸-clysterenteroclysis灌腸注：enema灌腸劑agent劑-antadjuvant輔藥-entsolvent溶劑-inecreatine肌酸cysteine半胱氨酸-ininsulin胰島素-agogue催劑-agoguecholagogue利膽劑killer殺滅劑-cideinsecticide殺蟲劑inhibitator抑制劑-staticbacteristatic抑菌藥form/shape形狀morpho-morphological形態(tài)學(xué)的-iformtransformation轉(zhuǎn)化plane/planum平面plano-planimetry平面測量solid立體stereo-stereoisomer 立體異構(gòu)體square方形quadri-quadratus方肌wheel/roller輪狀trocho-trochlear滑車（神經(jīng)的）rota-rotavirus輪狀病毒ball/bulb/globe球sphero-hemisphere半球globo-globulin球蛋白cylinder圓柱cyli