中考語法資料名詞、代詞VIP

中考語法資料中考語法資料 第第 1 講 名詞講 名詞 名詞當(dāng)然是大家都很熟悉的了 我們吃的 food 喝的 drinks 穿的 clothes 都是名詞 It is easy right 但是你可能被名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化 名詞作定語以及名詞所有格等問題搞得糊里 糊涂的 到底該怎么用呢 OK follow me First 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的特殊變化 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的特殊變化 普通名詞的復(fù)數(shù)我們知道是直接加 s 或 es 可是偏偏有一些名詞不聽話 變化不規(guī) 則 這些小調(diào)皮是 a class box watch brush 等詞以 s x ch sh 結(jié)尾 復(fù)數(shù)要加 es b story factory 等以 輔音字母 y 結(jié)尾的詞復(fù)數(shù)要先將 y 變成 i 再加 es c knife wife life 等以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾的詞一般先將 f 或 fe 變?yōu)?v 再加 es d 以 o 結(jié)尾的名詞 一般來說 末尾是 元音字母 o 的詞加 s 我們學(xué)過的有 radio zoo 末尾是 輔音字母 o 的詞 變復(fù)數(shù)加 es 如 tomato hero potato 當(dāng)然其中的 piano 和 photo 又是一個例外 他們的結(jié)尾只能加 s e child children foot feet tooth teeth mouse mice man men woman women 等詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化全不遵循規(guī)則 注意 與 man 和 woman 構(gòu)成的合成詞 其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 men 和 women 如 an Englishman two Englishmen 但 German 不是合成詞 故復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Germans f deer sheep 等詞更是懶得可以 竟然單復(fù)數(shù)同形 好記好記 people police cattle 等 詞 以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn) 但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù) 所以它們的謂語當(dāng)然也是復(fù)數(shù)形式 這就是集體名詞 the English the French the Chinese 等名詞表示國民總稱時(shí) 也作復(fù)數(shù)用 注意 maths politics physics 等學(xué)科名詞 雖然以 s 結(jié)尾 仍為不可數(shù)名詞 還有 theUnited States 美國 the United Nations 聯(lián)合國 等應(yīng)視為單數(shù) 別奇怪 名詞有時(shí)也可以作定語的 它作定語時(shí)一般用單數(shù) 但也有以下例外 a man woman 等作定語時(shí) 它的單復(fù)數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定 如 men workers women teachers b 數(shù)詞 名詞作定語時(shí) 這個名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式 中間加連字符 如 a ten mile walk 十里路 two hundred trees 兩百棵樹 哇 這些問題好復(fù)雜 我好想輕松一下 那我們就輕輕松松地面對名詞所有格問題 這里面內(nèi)容可謂少之又少 可也不能小視呦 名詞所有格 名詞所有格 表示 的 通常是在名詞的后面加 s 如 Children s day father s shoes 但以 s 結(jié)尾 的名詞因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)有 s 了 只需加 就 OK 了 如果兩個名詞并列 并且分別有 s 則表示 分別有 如 John s and Mary s room 約翰和瑪麗各有一間 共兩間 兩個名詞并列 只有一個 s 則表示 共有 如 John and Mary s room 約翰和瑪麗共有一間 還有些無生命名詞的所屬要用介詞 of 來幫助一下 如 a map of China the end of this term 好 名詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完 It s a piece of cake 接下來到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了 Are you ready 練習(xí) 1 All the teachers and students are having a meeting there A women girls B women girl C woman girls D woman girl 2 Mr Black is a friend of A Jack s aunt s B Jack s aunt C Jack aunt s D aunt s of Jack 3 This toy was made by a boy A ten year old B ten years old C ten year older D ten years older 4 The farmer raised ten A sheeps B deers C horse D cows 5 She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as A her grandmother B her grandmother s C her grandmothers D that of her grandmother 6 We have moved into a A two storey house B house of two storey C two storeys house D two storeys house 7 The was too much for the child to carry A box s steel B box of a steel C steel box D box of the steel 8 We ll give our English teacher a card for A the Teacher s Day B Teacher s Day C a Teacher s Day D Teachers Day 9 Li Ping met an old friend of on a train yesterday A he B him C his D her 10 are big and bright A The classroom window B The window of the classroom C The windows of the classroom D The classroom s windows 實(shí)戰(zhàn) 1 Don t worry Your son will come back in hour A a B an C the D 2 This nice blouse isn t mine It s A you B your C Lucy D yours 3 What s potato in Chinese It s A 香蕉 B 大白菜 C 西紅柿 D 土豆 4 The ninth month of a year is A December B November C September D October 5 A Must I leave now B No you A needn t B mustnt C don t D won t 6 We have a history lesson Wednesday afternoon A on B of C at D to 7 Suan has made quite friends since she came to China A few B a few C little D a little 8 A Have you ever to the West Lake B Yes I there last winter A gone went B been went C gone have been D been have 9 Do you English A tell B say C talk D speak 10 A May I your ruler B OK I m glad to it to you A lend borrow B lend lend C borrow lend D borrow borrow 11 We ll go to the museum if it tomorrow A can t rain B won t rain C don t rain D doesn t rian 12 Do you know A where does he study B he studies where C where he studies D he where studies 13 A do you go to see your grandparents B Once a month A How often B How long C how much D how many 14 A Would you like another cup of orange B I m full A No thanks B Yes please C Here it is D I don t like 15 You must be tired Why not a rest A to stop to have B stop having C stop to have D to stop having 第第 2 講 代詞講 代詞 我們剛剛講完了名詞 現(xiàn)在再來看看名詞的 brother 代詞 它與名詞的作用其實(shí)很相似 所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)木渲谐煞忠蚕嗖畈欢?但也別小看代詞呀 它還有很多的 小個性 呢 只要抓 住它的幾個 小脾氣 那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了 代詞中第一個 小個性 就是物主代詞 像 my 和 mine 這兩個小冤家總是讓人分不清 誰是誰 但你只要記住它們最重要的區(qū)別 my 的后面一定要接名詞 不可以單獨(dú)出現(xiàn) 只 能做定語 如 my father 而 mine 則是名詞性 只能單獨(dú)出現(xiàn) 在句中做主語和表語 如 Mine is green It s mine 記住這兩個句子 凡是名詞性物主代詞 yours hers his its ours theirs 就都可以放在 mine 的位置上了 這樣 通過它們出現(xiàn)的位置不同 我們就可 以把它們區(qū)別開了 代詞的第二個 羅嗦 就是它有一個小跟班 self selves 反身代詞 也就是表示 自己 親自 的意思 關(guān)于反身代詞 需要注意的是她不能單獨(dú)做主語 但可以放在人 稱代詞后面 做同位語 如 Marry herself said so 瑪麗她自己這么說的 不能 說 Herself said so 下面我給你開點(diǎn)小灶 單獨(dú)講一講須 特特 注意的地方 Of 名詞性物主代詞 of 物主代詞構(gòu)成雙重所有格 公式為 a an this that 名 詞 of 名詞性物主代詞 牢記公式 舉一反三 因?yàn)槲镏鞔~不可與 a an this that these those some any no each every such another 等詞一起前置 修飾一個名詞 而必須用雙重 所有格 如 a friend of mine 我的一個朋友 each brother of his 他的每一個兄弟 some any 的用法的用法 我們都知道 some 用于肯定句中 而 any 則用于否定句和疑問句中 所以 somebody someone 也用于肯定句中 而 anybody anyone 則用于否定和疑問句中 注意 在 Would youlike some coffee 要來點(diǎn)咖啡嗎 這樣的肯定疑問句中 說話 人認(rèn)為對方的答案會是肯定的 或期望得到肯定回答時(shí) 用 some 而不用 any every 和和 each 的用法的用法 every 強(qiáng)調(diào)全體的概念 指三個以上的人或物 含三個 不可 單獨(dú)使用 each 強(qiáng)調(diào)個體概念 指兩個以上的人或物 含兩個 可單獨(dú)使用 Every student in our school works hard 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生都很用功 Each student may have one book 每個學(xué)生都可有一本書 both either neither 的用法的用法 both 意為 兩者全都 與復(fù)數(shù)連用 either 意為 兩者中間的任何一個 neither 表 示 兩者之間一個也不是 與單數(shù)連用 如 Both of the them come from London 他們兩 人都是倫敦人 You may take either with you 兩個中間你隨便帶哪個都行 Neither is correct 兩個都不對 Few a few 和和 little a little 的用法的用法 Few a few 用來代替和修飾可數(shù)名詞 little a little 用來代替和修飾不可數(shù)名詞 a few 和 a little 著重肯定意思 相當(dāng)于漢語 有幾個 有一點(diǎn)兒 few 和 little 著重否定意思 相當(dāng)于漢語 沒有幾個 沒有多少 OK 代詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完 It s a piece of cake 接下來到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了 Are you ready 練習(xí) 1 We had plenty of paper but ink A a few B few C not many D not much 2 Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have have never learned before A one B it C them D that 3 We re very busy because we ve so books to read and so homework to do every day A much many B many much C many a lot D a lot much 4 I thought of the matter but still couldn t find out the reason A every B both C nothing D everything 5 My car is not so expensive as A him B he s C he D his 6 Lily and Lucy have arrived but students aren t here yet A other B others C the other D the others 7 There are high buildings on side of the street A both B every C any D either 8 What do you usually have for breakfast eggs and milk A Little a few B A little a little C A few a little D A few a few 9 is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it A Something B Anything C Nothing D Everything 10 Is this story the same as in that book A the one B what C that D it 實(shí)戰(zhàn) 1 There is old woman in the car A 不填 B the C a D an 2 We often go to the park Sundays A on B in C at D from 3 My book on the desk A is B am C are D be 4 Which language is English French or Chinese A difficult B the difficult C more difficult D the most difficult 5 book is this It s Kate s A when B Why C Where D whose 6 Can you write a letter in English No I A may not B mustn t C can t D needn t 7 I my homework when Mike came last nig