高考反義疑問(wèn)句講解

大方向教育值得您信賴的專(zhuān)業(yè)化個(gè)性化輔導(dǎo)學(xué)校大方向教育個(gè)性化輔導(dǎo)教案反意疑問(wèn)句詳細(xì)講解課前熱身 ：模塊一Unit1-2單詞檢測(cè)（The Disjunctive Question）又叫附加疑問(wèn)句。它表示提問(wèn)人的看法，沒(méi)有把握，需要對(duì)方證實(shí)。反義疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成：前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句，后一部分是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的疑問(wèn)句，兩部分的人稱(chēng)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。1.陳述部分肯定式 + 疑問(wèn)部分否定式They work here, dont they?She was ill yesterday, wasnt she? 2.陳述部分否定式 + 疑問(wèn)部分肯定式Y(jié)ou didnt go, did you?He cant ride a bike, can he?請(qǐng)注意以下句型的反義疑問(wèn)句的用法：1) 陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I，疑問(wèn)部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister，arent I? 2) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish，疑問(wèn)部分要用may +主語(yǔ)。 I wish to have a word with you, may I? 3) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義。 The Swede made no answer, did he / she? Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花), do they ? 4) 含有ought to 的反意疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問(wèn)部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主語(yǔ)。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 5) 陳述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問(wèn)部分常用dont +主語(yǔ)（didnt +主語(yǔ)）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? 6) 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to 時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用didnt +主語(yǔ)或 usednt +主語(yǔ)。 He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he? 7) 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問(wèn)句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? 8) 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問(wèn)部分多用 wouldnt +主語(yǔ)。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 9) 陳述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑問(wèn)部分用wouldnt +主語(yǔ)。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you? 11) 感嘆句中，疑問(wèn)部分用be +主語(yǔ)。 What colours, arent they? What a smell, isnt it? 12) 陳述部分由neither nor, either or 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 13) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用it。 Everything is ready, isnt it? 14) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況： a. 并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定。 Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he? b. 帶有定語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定： He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he? He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he? c. 上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。 I dont think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? 15) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he。 Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (doesnt he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 16) 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分常用 need (dare ) +主語(yǔ)。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語(yǔ)。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she? 17) 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)部分用will you。 Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you ? 注意： Lets 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we? 18) 陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞。 There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any trouble, will there? 19) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 20)must在表推測(cè)時(shí)，根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來(lái)確定反意疑問(wèn)句。 He must be there now, isnt he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, wont it? 快速記憶表1. 陳述部分的謂語(yǔ) 疑問(wèn)部分 2. I arent I 3. Wish may +主語(yǔ) 4. No ,nothing nobody, never ,few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞 肯定含義 5. ought to（肯定的） shouldnt/ oughtnt +主語(yǔ) 6. have to+v.(had to+v.) dont +主語(yǔ)(didnt +主語(yǔ)) 7. used to didnt +主語(yǔ)或 usednt +主語(yǔ) 8. had better + v. hadnt you 9. would rather + v. wouldnt +主語(yǔ) 10. youd like to + v. wouldnt +主語(yǔ) 11. must 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定 12. 感嘆句中 be +主語(yǔ) 13. Neithernor, eitheror 根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定 14. 指示代詞或不定代詞everything ,that, nothing ,this 主語(yǔ)用it 15. 并列復(fù)合句 謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定 16. 定語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句 謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定 17. 主從復(fù)合句 根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定 18. Think ,believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo) 與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)的從句 19. Everybody ,anyone, somebody, nobody ,no one 復(fù)數(shù)they, 單數(shù)he 20. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need need (dare ) +主語(yǔ) 21. dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do +主語(yǔ) 22. 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句 will you？ 23. Lets 開(kāi)頭的祈使句 Shall we? 24. Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句 Will you? 25. there be 相應(yīng)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+there(省略主語(yǔ)代詞） 26. 否定前綴不能視為否定詞 仍用否定形式淺談?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)的反意疑問(wèn)句的特殊形式一、祈使句后的反意疑問(wèn)句：祈使句后加一個(gè)反意疑問(wèn)句，使祈使句變得更加委婉。肯定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句通常用will you, wont you, would you, can you, cant you等來(lái)表達(dá)不同的含義。在否定的祈使句后的反意疑問(wèn)句通常只用will you。1、表示“請(qǐng)求”，肯定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句用will you。如：Give me a hand, will you?Pass me a book, will you?2、表示“邀請(qǐng)”、“勸誘”時(shí)，肯定祈使句后的反意疑問(wèn)句用wont you。如：Have another cup of tea, wont you?3、表示“催促”、“不耐煩”時(shí)，肯定祈使句后的反意疑問(wèn)句用cant you。如：Stop talking, cant you?4、用“Lets”開(kāi)頭的肯定祈使句表示“提議、建議、主張”，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用shall we。如：Lets have a try, shall we?但是以Let us或Let me開(kāi)頭的祈使句后的反意疑問(wèn)句則要用will you。如：Let us go now, will you?5、否定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句只用will you。如：Dont take away my dictionary, will you?以Lets not開(kāi)頭的祈使句后的反意疑問(wèn)句用all right或OK。如：Lets not go fishing, all right? Lets not talk about it any more, OK?二、復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)：復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)的主謂語(yǔ)要視其主要內(nèi)容而定，不能一概說(shuō)以主句為準(zhǔn)還是以從句為準(zhǔn)。1、多數(shù)復(fù)合句后的反意疑問(wèn)句的主、謂語(yǔ)同主句的主、謂語(yǔ)一致。如：He said he was a teacher, didnt he?John thinks the rain is ending, doesnt he?You dont mind if I go now, do you?2、主句是I think(suppose, consider, believe, guess, expect, imagine, feel, am afraid, hear, say等)+賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句的主、謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與從句的主、謂語(yǔ)一致。如：I dont think he will come, will he?I heard that he was very honest, wasnt he?3、并列復(fù)合句的反意疑問(wèn)句的主、謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與相近的分句的主、謂語(yǔ)相一致。如：John isnt a hard-working student, for he has been late for three times, hasnt he?三、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句：1、當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must，其意義表示“必須、必要”時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用mustnt或neednt。如：You must do it today, mustnt you?She must look after her sister, neednt she?如果must的含義表示“一定是、想必”等推測(cè)意義時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句則要依據(jù)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)采用be/have/did/do+not等相應(yīng)形式。如：He must bee ill, isnt he?You must have seen the film before, havent you?2、如果陳述部分用了must have+P.P.(過(guò)去分詞)，但明示或暗示了過(guò)去的時(shí)間，其反意疑問(wèn)句用過(guò)去時(shí)。He must have seen him yesterday, didnt he?3、陳述部分含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought to，其后反意疑問(wèn)句用oughtnt或shouldnt均可。如：I ought to come here, oughtnt I?You ought to go by ship, shouldnt you?4、陳述部分含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞used to，其后反意疑問(wèn)句用usednt或didnt均可。如：Tom used to live here, usednt he?They used to work in the shop, didnt they?5、陳述部分含有have/has/had to時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用do的相應(yīng)形式。如：You have to go, dont you?He has to stay in bed all day, doesnt he?I had to keep it well, didnt I?但是在陳述句中用have/has/had got to來(lái)代替have/has/had to時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句用have的相應(yīng)形式。如：Ann has got to see a doctor, hasnt she?You havent got to go to school on Sunday, have you?6、陳述部分有had better/would rather時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用hadnt/wouldnt。如：Youd better not stay here, had you? They would rather take this one, wouldnt they?四、陳述句主語(yǔ)是某些不定代詞的反意疑問(wèn)句：1、陳述句部分主語(yǔ)是everything, something, anything, nothing時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句主語(yǔ)用it。如：Everything seems all right, doesnt it?Nothing is in the box, is it?2、陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, no one, none, either, some one時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用主語(yǔ)they以兼顧所指代的男、女兩性。如：Everybody has got the new books, havent they?Anyone can do that, cant they?No one is interested in that, are they?3、陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞one時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句一般用主語(yǔ)one。如：One cant be always careful, can one?五、含有否定詞或半否定詞的反意疑問(wèn)句：1、陳述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarely, few, little等否定或半否定意義的詞時(shí)，都視為否定，故反意疑問(wèn)句部分用肯定形式。如：Few people knew the answer, did they?Little Fran hardly says such words, does he?2、如果陳述部分的否定意義只是由單詞加否定前綴構(gòu)成時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句一般要用否定形式。如：He is unhappy, isnt he?六、陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指示代詞的反意疑問(wèn)句：1、陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞this, that時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用主語(yǔ)it。如：This is important, isnt it?2、陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞these, those時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用主語(yǔ)they。如：Those are mine, arent they?七、反意疑問(wèn)句的其他特殊形式：1、陳述部分是“Im”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用arent I？如：I am a student, arent I ?2、陳述部分是there be或there live, there stand, there used to be等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用主語(yǔ)there。如：There is something wrong with your bike, isnt there?There lived a king here many years ago, didnt there?3、陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)以及詞組或從句時(shí)，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句用主語(yǔ)it。如：Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes, isnt it?What the teacher said is true, isnt it?4、感嘆句后的反意疑問(wèn)句，動(dòng)詞用be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)根據(jù)具體內(nèi)容而定。如：What a clever girl, isnt she?How beautiful the flowers are, arent they?（一） 練習(xí)鞏固反意疑問(wèn)句練習(xí)（一）1. Youd rather watch TV this evening, _? a. isnt it b. hadnt you c. wouldnt you d. wont you 2. I suppose youre not going today, _? a. are you b. do you c. dont you d. arent you 3. I wish to shake hands with you, _? a. shall b. may I c. do I d. will I 4. Three hours ought to be enough time, _? a. oughtnt three hours b. didnt they c. shouldnt it d. shouldnt three hours 5. They have to study a lot, _? a. dont they b. havent they c. did they d. hadnt they 6. When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, _ ? a. didnt he b. did he c. did it d. didnt it 7. Im sure dirty, _? a. am I b. isnt I c. arent I d. am not I 8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I dont think you judged your ability objectively when you applied for it, _ you? a. do b. did c. dont d. didnt 9. Thats the sort of the book you want, _? a. is it b. isnt that c. is that d. isnt it 10. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, _? a. are they b. arent they c. are all these dictionaries d. arent all these dictionaries 11. The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, _? a. wasnt it b. was it c. didnt we d. werent we 12.Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should have finished them by now, _? a. hasnt he b. has he c. shouldnt he d. didnt you 13. David told me that you would take a trip to America, _? a. would you b. wouldnt you c. did you d. didnt you 14. There appeared to be no better way, _? a. was there b. were there c. did there d. didnt there 15. You has some trouble finding where I live, _? a. didnt you b. hadnt you c. do I d. dont I 16. He has his hair cut every month, _? a. has he b. hasnt he c. does he d. doesnt he 17. Your friend needs to come earlier, _? a. does he b. doesnt he c. need he d. neednt he 18. The little boy dare not go to church, _? a. dare he b. darent he c. does he d. doesnt he 19. Susand have worked abroad if shed had the chance, _? a. has she b. hadnt she c. would she d. wouldnt she 20. Everyones having a good time, _? a. is he b. isnt everyone c.