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1、Unit5 language points蘇娟課堂探究 1. 問題探究(1)根據(jù)系動詞的意義,我們把英語系動詞分為四類: A.五大感官系動詞 B.狀態(tài)系動詞 C.動態(tài)系動詞 D.雙謂語系動詞 A.五大感官系動詞,描述一種感官性質(zhì)。由實(shí)義感官動詞變化而來,都是半系動詞。 look“看起來像是”,后接形容詞、名詞、分詞、介詞短語、不定式等。 例:The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful. 這位女孩咬著嘴唇,看上去若有所思。 smell“聞起來”,后接形容詞、分詞。 例:The flowers smell sweet. 這些花氣味真香。 sound“聽起

2、來”,后接形容詞、分詞。 例:The music sounds sweet. 這音樂聽起來真悅耳。 taste“嘗起來”,后接adj. /分詞。 例:The apples taste very good. 這些蘋果很好吃。 feel “摸起來,給感覺”; “覺得”,后接形容詞,分詞。 例:The silk feels very soft. 絲綢摸起來很滑。 You will feel better after a nights sleep. 睡上一晚,你會覺得好些。 B.狀態(tài)系動詞: be,“是”,屬完全系動詞。 例:I am a student. 我是一個學(xué)生。 seem,“似乎,好像”,完

3、全系動詞。 例:They seem quite happy. 他們似乎很快樂。 appear,“顯得,看起來好像”,半系動詞。 例:He appeared tired and sleepy. 他顯得疲倦而且好像要睡覺了。 It appeared(to be)a true story. 看來這是一個真實(shí)的故事。 keep, “保持的狀態(tài)”,半系動詞,后接形容詞或介詞短語。 例:Youd better go to bed and keep warm. 你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。 remain,“仍是”,半系動詞。 例:I remained silent. 我仍然緘默。 stay“保持(某種狀態(tài))”

4、,半系動詞,后接形容詞、過去分詞。 例:The window stayed open all the night. C.動態(tài)系動詞:都屬于半系動詞,描述狀態(tài)變化過程。 get“變成,變得起來”,后可接形容詞、分詞、介詞短語。 例:The days are getting longer and longer. 白天變得越來越長了。 fall“進(jìn)入(某種狀態(tài)),成為”,后常接以下形容詞: asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat. 例:The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人說不清自己的意思

5、,就不做聲了。 grow“漸漸變得起來,長得” 例:You will grow used to it. 你逐漸會習(xí)慣的。 turn“轉(zhuǎn)變成(新的與原來完全不同的色彩或性質(zhì)),變質(zhì)(色)”。 例:Maple trees turn red in autumn. 楓葉在秋天變紅了。 go,“變成(某種壞的狀態(tài))” 例:The telephone has gone dead. 電話不通了。 go之后常接的形容詞還有:bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey, n

6、aked等。 become“變成,成為(好壞均可的情況)” He became angry with me. 他對我生氣了。 D.雙謂語系動詞 此類系動詞既有系動詞的功能,后接表語,又保留原實(shí)義動詞本身的含義。例如: The run rose red. 太陽升起紅艷艷。 She stopped and stood quite still. 她停下來然后一絲不動地站著。 The book lay open on the table. 那書在桌子上打開著。 (2)couple的用法: (一)對,(一)雙,兩個(+of);例:There is a couple of boys waiting for

7、 you.【a couple of +名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,作主語時謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)】 夫婦;夫妻;一對舞伴例:The young couple decides to start their tour immediately. 那對年輕夫婦決定立即開始旅游。 幾個,三兩個,一些,幾個S(+of)例:They walked a couple of miles. 他們步行了幾英里。Ill be back in a couple of days. 我過幾天就回來。 I saw a couple of men get out.我看見有幾個人出去了。 2. 知識鏈接( ) (1) She engineer

8、last year. A. became B. is becoming C. Is D. turned( ) (2) It colder and colder in winter. A. becomes B. get C. becoming D. is coming( ) (3) Dont eat the food. It bad. A. go B. was getting C. goes D. smell( ) (4) That music beautiful. A. is sounding B. sounds C. is sounded D. sound( ) (5) His wish t

9、o enter a key school has true.A. came B. come C. fallen D. feltD A C BB 3. 當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練完成課本P74的Activity 3,P7475的Activity 4Activity 8。課堂探究 1. 問題探究(1)in case作短語連詞,能引導(dǎo)狀語從句。就其詞義和語法職能來分,可引導(dǎo)兩種從句。 in case just in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句作“以免,以備,以防”等解。如:He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns他帶了手電筒,以備天黑以后回家之用。I

10、ve bought a chicken in case your mother stays to lunch我買來一只童子雞,以備你媽媽留下吃午飯。 in case接條件從句,意為“如果、萬一”。如:In case you get home before I do,could you start preparing dinner?如果你在我之前到家,你能不能動手做飯?In case theyre late,we can always sit in the bar要是他們來晚了,我們總可以在酒吧里坐一坐。 in case作副詞性短語,常置于句末,表示事先準(zhǔn)備或預(yù)防的措施,作“以防萬一”解。如:S

11、he ought to be there in case 她應(yīng)在那兒等著,以防萬一。I will keep some of these unused in case我要保留一些不用,以備急需。The bus is usually on time,but start early,just in case那班汽車通常是準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的,但你還是早點(diǎn)動身,以防萬一。 in case of是短語介詞,后接名詞、動名詞等。它帶的短語置于句末??醋髂康臓钫Z,意為“以免,以防”;置于句首常視為條件狀語,意為“如果,萬一”。但位置不是絕對的。如:The wall was built along the river in

12、 case of floods沿河筑起防護(hù)墻,以防洪水。You should keep a firstaid kit in the car in case of accident你應(yīng)該在車?yán)锓乓惶准本扔闷?,以備意外事故需用。In case of rain I have an umbrella我?guī)Я税延陚阋苑老掠?。In case of my not being there,ask my brother to help you萬一我不在那里,讓我弟弟來幫助你。(2) except, but和besides的區(qū)別 三者均可表示“除了”,但 besides 表示一種累加關(guān)系,意指“除了什么之外,還有”

13、;而 except 或 but 則表示一種排除關(guān)系,意指“除了什么之外,不再有”。如:Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外,他女兒也去看過他。You can park anywhere except but here. 只有這里不能停車。 but 與 except兩者都可表示“除外不再有”,但含義上略有差別:but側(cè)重指意義的幾乎完整性,而 except 則側(cè)重指后面除去的部分。如:All are here but one. 除一個人外大家都到了。All are here except one. 還有一個人沒到。另

14、外,在現(xiàn)代英語中,but 的介詞用法十分有限,一般說來,它只能用在下列詞語之后:a no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere b. any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere c. every, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere d. all, none e. who, what, where 例:Everyone knows it but you. 除你之外大家都知道。I havent told anybody but you. 除你之外,我沒告訴任何人。No one

15、but he showed much interest in it. 除他之外沒有一個人對此有很大興趣。但是 except 卻沒有以上限制,except后面可接名詞、代詞、動詞、副詞、介詞短語和從句等。如:正:The window is never opened except in summer. 除夏天外,這扇窗戶從不打開。 誤:The window is never opened but in summer.After breakfast the students went nowhere except to school. 吃完早餐,學(xué)生們除了上學(xué)就不到別處去了。(接介詞短語) My f

16、ather usually goes to work by bike except when it rains. 除下雨天外,我爸爸通常騎自行車上班。(接從句) 2. 知識鏈接By the time they had finished, we got a few surprises.by the time 這個詞組用來指到某一點(diǎn)時間為止,主句常用完成時態(tài)。如:By the time he was 12, he had traveled more than 30 countries to get his diseases cured. 到12歲為止,他已去過三十多個國家治病。By the tim

17、e I graduate next year, I will have lived here for five years. 到明年畢業(yè)時,我已在這兒呆了五年了。3. 當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練( ) English, she is good at speaking German and French.A. Except B. But C. Beside D. Besides ( ) By three oclock yesterday afternoon , we _the work. A. finishedB. had finishedC. have finished D. finishes( ) By th

18、e time I got to the bus stop, the bus _already _. A. hasleftB. willleftC. hadleft D. had beenleft( ) -Youve left the light on. -Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off. A. Ill go B. Ive gone C. I go D. Im going( ) Our hobby group has a rule: all the members must speak and write _ English.A. in B. into C. t

19、hrough D. atDBCAA ( ) Excuse me, do I pay _ credit card (信用卡) in your shop.A. for B. with C. on D. by( ) The teachers in our school had some activities _ the afternoon of March 28.A. to B. at C. in D. on( ) Many people look _ going to the second Youth Olympic Games in 2014.A. at B. after C. forward

20、to D. out ( ) My mother wants to know_ .A. how is Tom getting along B. how he is getting alongC. what is he getting along D. what he is getting along( ) What shall we do _ it rains tomorrow?A. if B. when C. since D. whereBDCBAPart 3 Language in Use一、學(xué)習(xí)要求 (一)在掌握劃分英語中單詞音節(jié)的知識和規(guī)律基礎(chǔ)上,掌握有關(guān)單詞重音的語音知識;(二)學(xué)習(xí)和

21、掌握祈使句的構(gòu)成和用法。二、學(xué)法指導(dǎo) (一)回憶上單元學(xué)過的有關(guān)音節(jié)劃分的知識與規(guī)律;(二)閱讀教材P80并完成Activity2;(三)回憶初中學(xué)過的祈使句的構(gòu)成,并完成課本P8182的Activity3。 三、知識要點(diǎn)1. 單詞重音單音節(jié)詞 單音節(jié)詞多數(shù)是重讀音節(jié),標(biāo)記讀音時不需要使用重讀符號。例如:bag bg book buk club klb bird b:d snail sneil fish fi pitchpit fridge frid school sku:l 雙音節(jié)詞 雙音節(jié)詞通常第一個音節(jié)重讀。例如: borrow bor-row letter let-ter daught

22、er daugh-ter window win-dow toilet toi-let manage man-age student stu-dent teacher teach-er level lev-el 注: teacher 一詞中的 ch 劃分到前一個音節(jié)中,主要是為了保留主干詞 teach 的完整性。 多音節(jié)詞 多音節(jié)詞通常在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)上重讀。在多音節(jié)單詞中有時還要使用次重讀符號,用來說明其中的元音字母組合要按重讀音節(jié)中的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音。例如: ,university possibility opportunity2.語法:祈使句祈使句的分類祈使句表示請求、命令、叮囑、邀請、勸告等

23、,分為第二人稱祈使句及第、三人稱祈使句兩大類。(1)第二人稱祈使句通常用來向聽話者發(fā)出命令,提出要求或建議。這種祈使句的主語you通常不表示出來,而是以動詞原形開頭。如:Stand up!Dont worry about!但如果說話時有多人在場,就得把主語表示出來,或加呼語,以便指明是向誰提出請求或發(fā)出命令。如:Parents with children go to the front! 帶孩子的家長到前面去!Mary clean the windows,and you boys wash the floor! 瑪麗擦窗戶,你們男孩子洗地板!有時將主語表示出來是為了加強(qiáng)語氣或表示“不高興”、“

24、厭煩”、“鄙視”等情緒。如:Dont you be late again! 你可別再遲到了!Mind your own business,you! 你少管閑事!(2)第一、三人稱祈使句是以第一人稱和第三人稱代詞或者名詞等作為祈使的對象,這類祈使句通常以let為引導(dǎo)詞,表建議。如:Lets go! Let us go home!Let him be here by 10 oclock!祈使句除用謂語動詞表示外,還可用名詞、副詞、動詞短語等表示。如:Help!Patience!祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式及否定形式祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式是在整個結(jié)構(gòu)之前加do。如:Do be careful!Do stop talk

25、ing!祈使句的否定形式是在整個結(jié)構(gòu)之前加dont或never。如: Dont be nervous!你不要緊張!以let為引導(dǎo)詞的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Lets或Let usme后加not。如:Lets not waste our time arguing about it! 咱們別浪費(fèi)時間爭論這事了!Lets not say anything about it! 這事咱們誰也別說!祈使句的反意疑問句(1)祈使句的反意疑問部分為肯定形式,要用shall,will。如:Pass me the book,will you?(2)Lets表示第一人稱的祈使句,反意疑問句為“Shall we?”。

26、如:Lets go for a walk,shall we?Lets forget it,shall we?(3)Let me和Let us 表示第二人稱的祈使句,反意疑問句為“will you?”。如:Let us go for a walk,will you?(4)其他行為動詞引起的祈使句,無論其陳述部分是否定還是肯定的祈使句,多用“will you?”,表一種客氣的語氣。如:Listen to me,will you?Dont tell anyone about it,will you?但在肯定的祈使句后有時也用“wont you?”表“提醒對方注意”或表“邀請”。如:Have a cu

27、p of coffee,wont you?Come in and take a seat,wont youwill you?四、當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練 1.選出與其他三個單詞重讀音節(jié)不同的詞 ( ) 1. A. about B. Ago C. add D. again ( ) 2. A. forth B. Forward C. forget D. forty ( ) 3. A. brother B. boring C. center D. agreement ( ) 4. A. hear B. chat C. charming D. expensive ( ) 5. A. instead B. butter

28、 C. chess D. activeCCDDA2.選出最佳答案 ( ) 1. Why dont you join us in the game? . A. What not B. Why not C. Why to D. How to ( ) 2. Lets do it at once, ? A. shall we B. will you C. do we D. do you ( ) 3. Let us do it at once, ? A. shall we B. will you C. do we D. do you ( ) 4. tell a lie. A. Hardly B. Not

29、 C. No D. Never ( ) 5. You look rather tired. stopping to have a rest? All right. A. Why not B. How aboutC. Why not to D. why dontBABDB ( ) 6. The TV is too loud. Please. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it ( ) 7. late again, Bill! A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be

30、D. Be not ( ) 8. cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. DoesntD. Dont ( ) 9. Please help me carry it, ? A. will I B. will you C. shall ID. shall we( ) 10. Dont make so much noise, ? A. will you B. wont you C. shall weD. do youABDBAPart 4 Real Life Skills 一、學(xué)習(xí)要求 (一)能用英語

31、把故事講述完整;(二)掌握Further Reading中重要的語言知識點(diǎn)。二、學(xué)法指導(dǎo) (一)在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活遇到危險時,你應(yīng)采取的方法;(二)完成課本P84的Activity1和Activity2;(三)學(xué)習(xí)方法建議:小組合作,自主學(xué)習(xí)和討論相結(jié)合。課堂探究 1. 問題探究作為形式主語的it并無實(shí)際語義,只是為滿足語法上的需要,避免句子頭重腳輕,它代替的是句子的邏輯主語,概括起來會有如下情況: 句子的邏輯主語為不定式。如:It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time. 你能及時幫助我,真是太好了。It is easier to lose fri

32、ends than to make friends. 交朋友難而失去朋友比較容易。 句子的邏輯主語為從句。如:It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.英語作為一門國際語言正日益為人們所接受,這是不爭的事實(shí)。It depends on the weather whether we will go. 我們?nèi)ゲ蝗サ每刺鞖庑惺隆?句子的邏輯主語為動名詞短語,這類句子遠(yuǎn)不如前面兩種出現(xiàn)率高,主要在(no good, waste, useless, no use, dangerous)等詞語的后面用。

33、如:(1) it作形式主語(2) asas possible 盡可能的It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水難收。It is considered no good reciting without understanding. 不理解的背誦被認(rèn)為是沒有好處的。注意:作形式主語的代詞只能用it ,不能用that,this等詞。如: It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. 掌握至少兩門外語對于當(dāng)代年輕人來說是很重要的。 Come as

34、soon as possible. 盡快來。Youd better give us as much factual evidence as possible. 你最好向我們盡可能多地提供事實(shí)證據(jù)。The old couple will attempt to leave the town as soon as possible. 這對老夫婦想盡快離開這個小城。 2. 知識鏈接(1) it 用作形式賓語當(dāng)不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在某個句子中作賓語時,為保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免句式結(jié)構(gòu)的混亂,常用it作形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放在句尾。此時it仍只起先行引導(dǎo)作用,本身無詞義。下列四種情況須

35、用it 作形式賓語: 當(dāng)不定式(短語)、動名詞(短語)或從句在復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)中作某些動詞的賓語時(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等)。如:They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese. 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)與我們中國人一起工作很愉快。I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English. 我覺得理解英語特別節(jié)目并不難。 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、樂”的動詞,如like, enjoy, love, hate等,往往不能直接接賓語從句。如:I dont like it that hes so lazy. 我不喜歡他那么懶惰。I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. 我討厭母親要我吃雞蛋。 that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句不能直接作介詞的賓語。如:You may depend on it that we shall always help you. 盡管放心,我們會隨時幫你的。Would you see to it that she gets home early? 你負(fù)責(zé)保證

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