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1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上名詞 要點名詞的分類(專有名詞和普通名詞) 名詞的數(shù) 1)區(qū)分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,區(qū)分方法 2)可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)變化,分為規(guī)則變化及不規(guī)則變化 名詞所有格 含義、構(gòu)成 兩種形式:s所有格及of所有格 知識點: 一、名詞的分類 1. 專有名詞:名字(人名、地名、書名、機構(gòu)名)、與國家有關(guān)的(國家、國民、語言)、日期(節(jié)日、星期、月份)2.普通名詞: 包括可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞
2、60; 可數(shù)名詞 個體名詞 表示個體的人或事物 例: sister、table、bike、window 集體名詞 表示一群人或一些事物 例: family、police、class、group 不可數(shù)名詞 物質(zhì)名詞 表示構(gòu)成物體的物質(zhì)或材料 例: water、air、wood
3、160; 抽象名詞 表示狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、行為、感情等 例: danger、interest 區(qū)分方法:將物體分成兩半,如果每半不能叫原名,則為可數(shù)名詞,如果還可叫原名,則為不可數(shù)名詞。 注:有些單詞意義發(fā)生變化,單復數(shù)也發(fā)生變化,例:glass作玻璃杯時可數(shù),作玻璃時不可數(shù)?!咀⒁狻?#160;(1) family, class等詞作為一個整體時視為單數(shù),強調(diào)其家庭/族成員或班
4、級成員時視為復數(shù); (2) 部分有生命的集體名詞本身就是復數(shù)的概念: police指警察、警官的總稱,本身表示復數(shù)。The police(主語)+謂語動詞復數(shù) people指人們、人民,本身表示復數(shù)。(The)people+謂語動詞復數(shù) people指民族,有單、復數(shù)變化 e.g. fifty-six peoples 五十六個民族二、名詞的單復數(shù)形式 (1) 規(guī)則變化: 名詞的復數(shù)構(gòu)成,通常是在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-e
5、s 1、 一般情況在詞尾直接加s , 例 bags。 2、 以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的詞加-es,例bus-buses box-boxes。 3、 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞,y變成i加-es 例 city-cities;以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞,直接加s。 4、以o結(jié)尾的除potato(馬鈴薯)、tomato(西紅柿)、hero(英雄)加es,其余直接加s。 5、以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞,多數(shù)變f或fe為v加es, roof、proof
6、直接加-s, 例 life-lives wife-wives roof roofs。 (2)不規(guī)則變化 1. 單詞拼寫發(fā)生變化man-men woman-women policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice child-children 2、某國人變復數(shù),口訣:中日不變英法變,其余s加后面
7、 例:an Englishman-Englishmen an American-Americans(3)不可數(shù)名詞一般只用單數(shù),它不能與a/an及數(shù)次搭配使用。表示數(shù)量時用量詞搭配。 例:a cup of coffee(一杯咖啡) two glasses of milk(兩杯牛奶) three
8、60;pieces of paper(三張紙) four bottles of water(四杯水) 三、名詞所有格 含義:名詞所有格表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系。 表示形式:一種是s所有格,一種是of所有格 Beijing is Chinas capital.= Beijing is the captital of China.
9、 This is Toms bike = This is the bike of Tom. Lily is the keys owner.= Lily is the owner of the key. 1 s所有格構(gòu)成 單數(shù)名詞及不以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞,只需在詞尾加s,如 Lucys
10、;pen路西的鋼筆Childrens Day(兒童節(jié));以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞,只加 , 如the students books 學生們的書。 2幾個人共有的東西,只需在最后一個人的名詞后加s, 如 Lucy and Lilys bedroom(露西和莉莉的臥室)。表示各自所有,則每個名詞都加s, 如 Lucys and Lilys desks(露西的桌子和莉莉的桌子)。3.of 所有格:
11、0;1).of 用來表示無生命的名詞所有格。 the map of China the door of the room 2).雙重所有格: of + 名詞所有格 of + 名詞性的物住代詞 He
12、60;is a friend of my _(brother ) . Is she a daughter of _(you)?1. They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. ne
13、ws D. stories 2. I have two _ and three bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. orang
14、es, orange D. orange, oranges 3. Every evening M r. King takes a _ to his home . A. 25 minutes walk
15、 B. 25 minutes walk C. 25 minute walk D. 25 minutes walk 4. An old _ wants to s
16、ee you. A. people B. person C. the people D. the person 5. Help yourself to _. A. chickens and app
17、les B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple
18、0;D. chicken and apples 6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _. A. rooms number B. rooms number C. room numbers
19、D. rooms numbers 7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _. A. family B. house C
20、. home D. room 8. _ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai . A. Mary and Peters
21、160; B. Mary and Peter C. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters 9. Li Lei has been
22、60;to _ many times this month. A. her uncle B. her uncles C. her uncles D. aunts 10. He is&
23、#160;a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much experience C. an experience
24、; D. a lot experience 11. A classmate of _ was here ten minutes ago. A. you B.
25、;your C. your sister D. your sisters 12. A group of _ are talking with two _. A. Frenchmen,
26、;Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen 13.The team _ having
27、160;a meeting . A. is B. are C. am D. be 14. “Would you like _?
28、” “_, please.” A. drink, Three coffees B. a cup of drink, Coffees C. a drink, A coffee
29、60; D. a drink, Three cups of coffees 15. The Great Wall was made not only by _, but also the flesh and blood of _ men. A.e
30、arth and stone, millions of B. earths and stones, millions C. the earth and stone, million of D.
31、;the earths and stones, millions 三 鞏固訓練: 1. This is _ reading-room. A. the teachers B. teachers C. teachers D. the teachers 2.
32、0;Nothing was found but _ broken. A. the room window B. the rooms window C. the room of the window D. the window of room 3. How many_ would
33、60;you like? A. paper B. bread C. pieces of papers D. pieces of bread 4. He was praised for his _. A. brave B. bravery C.
34、 bravely D. great brave 5. Please get me a new _ when you go to town. A. clothes B. dress C. clothing D. trousers 6. There are 34_
35、 doctors in the hospital. A. woman B. women C. womans D. womens 7. Some_ are even thinner than your little finger. A. bamboo B. bamboos C. kinds&
36、#160;of bamboo D. kinds of bamboos 8. He was born in this town and now he lives in _. A. Building second B. Building Two C. the Building Two
37、 D. Building the Second 9. Old as he is, he has _to do every day. A. a lot of work B. much works C.
38、160;lots of homeworks D. quite a lot of homeworks 10. Jacks room is furnished with _. A. new furnitures
39、; B. many new furnitures C. many new pieces of furnitures D. many new pieces of furniture 11. Have you read _newspape
40、r yet? A. todays B. Todays C. the todays D. your todays 12. I
41、ts not far, only _walk from here to our school. A. a ten minutes B. ten minutes C. a ten minutes &
42、#160; D. ten minutes 13. Last month, he wrote me _letter. A. a 1000-word B. 1000 words C. a 1000-words &
43、#160; D. 1000 words 14. He had a _sleep yesterday. A. a good night B. a good-night C. a good
44、;nights D. good-nights 15. _is not a long way to drive. A. Three miles distance B. Three-mile distance C. Three
45、0;miles distance D. A three-mile-distance 16. His isnt fit for the work. Please get me _. A. something else B.
46、;somebody else C. someone elses D. somebodys else17. Do you know how large _ is? A. population of China B.
47、60;Chinese population C. China population D. Chinas population 18. _ is too much for the boy to carry. A. The box weight
48、60; B. The boxs weight C. The weight of the box D. The box of the weight 19. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest
49、 _ shop? A. shoes B. shoe C. shoes D. shoes 20.
50、 What _ weather were having these days! A. nice B. a nice C. a bad
51、60; D. worse 21. They say that the meeting will be _. A. of very important B. great importance C. of great
52、;importance D. great important 22. Im going to call at _ this evening.A. Mr Black B. the Blacks
53、 C. Mr Blacks D. Blacks 23. What Darwin said was an attack on peoples religious _. A. belief
54、0; B. beliefs C. beliefs D. believs 24. There are some _waiting for you
55、160;outside. A. German B. American C. grown-up D. Japanese 25. Their fa
56、ctory has developed a kind of _ to help people walk. A. machine B. machines C. a machine &
57、#160; D. the machine 26. Therere many _ in my brothers album. A. leafs B. toys
58、60;C. books D. stamps 27. Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of _. A. tomatoes
59、 B. potatos C. vegetable D. meats 28. Upon hearing what I said,
60、60;his _ rose. A. anger B. angry C. angrily D. angriness 29
61、. Excuse me, can you change this _ for me? A. five-pound note B. five pounds note C. five-pound notes &
62、#160;D. five pounds notes 30. You have to make _ for your journey A. preparing B. preparation C. a preparati
63、on D. preparations四 課堂過手訓練: 1. We haven't got much for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07) &
64、#160; A apple B tomato C bread D biscuit
65、0; 2.Ive read_ sports news about the Fl race today.(05) A two B pieces C two piece D two pieces of
66、 3. Linda, I
67、9;ve bought many . Now let's make the birthday cake. (03)
68、60; A. fresh eggs B. chocolate milk C. frozen food D rice dumplings 4. You can get much _ about th
69、e World Expo on the Internet. (01) A) map B) picture C) ticket D) information5. Come on, children. Help yourselves to some if you like.(07年南通) A fishes and chicken B fishes and chicken
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