課時(shí)分層作業(yè)7　Section Ⅰ

1、課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(七)Section 高考題型練習(xí)提能力.閱讀理解AHave you dreamed of building your own machine? Do you wish you could invent something new? Here we look at a few British inventions of recent times.Adaptable GlassesDo you wear glasses? If so, can you imagine life without them? In 1985, Joshua Silver, a professor at O

2、xford University, asked himself, “Can I invent a pair of glasses that could be changed by the wearer？” He designed two plastic lenses(透鏡) that are filled with a special liquid. The liquid can be changed between the lenses until you can see clearly. The glasses are not beautiful but they are easy to

3、use and cheap to make.The Wind­up RadioWhen you switch your TV on tonight, think about all those people without electricity. Thinking about this, Trevor Baylis came up with the idea of designing a radio that could be powered by hand. In common with Joshua Silver he wanted his invention to be ch

4、eap and easy to use. The radio has a generator (發(fā)電機(jī)) which is powered by turning a handle. In 2019 it won a BBC Design Award for Best Protect and Best Design.The Dyson CleanerIn many homes around the world you can see a cleaner that looks like a spaceship. This is the Dyson vacuum (真空) cleaner which

5、 uses something called “cyclonic separation” to separate the dirt. You do not need a bag for your cleaner and it does not get blocked so it is very practical. The idea came to Sir James Dyson after he kept having problems with his vacuum cleaner. He decided he could design a better one and in 1993 h

6、e opened his own factory. The Dyson is now one of the best­selling cleaners in the UK and Dyson is believed to have earned over a billion pounds.The Zapata Fly­boardEver dreamed of rising through the water and jumping high in the air like a dolphin? Now you can try a fly­board, built

7、by water sports fan Frank Zapata. With it you can dive back in the water and out again. It's possible to jump to unbelievable heights out of the waterover 30 feet. The basic fly­board model comes in at 4，200.So keep dreaming and inventing. One day you might get it right.【語篇解讀】這里是一些當(dāng)代的英國(guó)發(fā)明。文

8、章主要介紹了四種發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。1Who invented Adaptable Glasses?AJoshua Silver. BTrevor Baylis. CJames Dyson. DFrank Zapata.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段提到“In 1985, Joshua Silver, a professor at Oxford University, asked himself”可知是Joshua Silver發(fā)明的，故選A項(xiàng)。2Which invention won an award?AAdaptable Glasses. BThe Wind­up Radio.CThe Dyso

9、n Cleaner. DThe Zapata Fly­board.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In 2019 it won a BBC Design Award for Best Protect and Best Design.”可知，the wind­up radio獲過獎(jiǎng)。故選B。3Who might be interested in the invention of the Dyson cleaner?AThose who need radios.BThose who have eye problems.CThose who are fond of diving.DThose

10、 who want to use cleaners more easily.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段提到“In many homes around the world you can see a cleaner that looks like a spaceship. This is the Dyson vacuum (真空) cleaner which uses something called cyclonic separation to separate the dirt. You do not need a bag for your cleaner and it does not ge

11、t blocked so it is very practical”在許多家庭會(huì)看到清潔器，這是真空的清潔器，不用攜帶袋子很方便實(shí)用，故選D項(xiàng)。4What might be the best title for the passage?AKind Inventors BCheap InventionsCCreative Minds DFuture DreamsC推理判斷題。你是否夢(mèng)想過制造屬于自己的機(jī)器？你想發(fā)明一些新東西嗎？這里是一些當(dāng)代的英國(guó)發(fā)明。文章主要介紹了四種發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，故選C項(xiàng)。BAs the name implies, “green technology” is the one t

12、hat has a “green” purpose.The “green” here does not mean the color.However, it means the long and short term influence an invention has on the environment.Green inventions are environmentally friendly inventions that often involve energy efficiency, recycling, safety and health concerns, renewable r

13、esources, and more.One of the best known examples of green technology would be the solar cell.A solar cell directly changes the energy in light into electrical energy through the process of photovoltaics(光伏發(fā)電)Producing electricity from solar energy means less consumption of fossil fuels, reducing po

14、llution and greenhouse gas emissions.Another simple invention that can be considered green is the reusable water bottle.Drinking lots of water is healthy.Reducing plastic waste is great for the environment.Therefore, popular reusable water bottles are health­promoting, eco­friendly, and gr

15、een.The world has a fixed amount of natural resources, some of which are already used up or ruined.For example, household batteries and electronics often contain dangerous chemicals that can pollute the groundwater after disposal, polluting our soil and water with chemicals that cannot be removed fr

16、om the drinking water supply and the food crops grown on polluted soil.The risks to human health are great. Inventors should know that green inventions and clean technologies are good business.These are fast growing markets with growing profits.Consumers should know that buying green inventions can

17、reduce their energy bill and that green inventions are often safer and healthier products.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了綠色環(huán)保發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的益處。5The first paragraph is mainly developed by Amaking a comparisonBgiving an exampleCgiving an explanationDfollowing time order C推理判斷題。第一段主要介紹了什么是綠色發(fā)明，主要通過下定義及解釋的手法組織第一段。6The advantages o

18、f producing electricity from solar energy may NOT include Afossil fuels are less usedBless greenhouse gas is given outCpollution is decreasedDit can meet the needs of the whole countryD細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Producing electricity from solar energy means less consumption of fossil fuels, reducing pollution and

19、greenhouse gas emissions.”可知太陽能發(fā)電可以減少對(duì)化石燃料的消耗，減少污染和溫室氣體的排放。7The second paragraph suggests that Adrinking plenty of water is good for your healthBthe plastic bottle is a pollutant for the environmentCthe reusable water bottles are green in colorDthe reusable water bottles can refill themselvesB細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

20、根據(jù)第二段“Reducing plastic waste is great for the environment.”可知減少塑料廢物對(duì)環(huán)境是好的，由此可知裝水的塑料瓶對(duì)環(huán)境是一種污染。8The purpose of the last two paragraphs is to Acall on people to prefer green productsBteach people how to protect environment Cshow the advantages of producing green productsDlist some green inventions for

21、consumers A推理判斷題。最后兩段分別給出了發(fā)明者發(fā)明綠色產(chǎn)品和消費(fèi)者消費(fèi)綠色產(chǎn)品的理由，所以目的是號(hào)召人們選擇綠色產(chǎn)品。.閱讀七選五For over one hundred and fifty years, Americans of all social classes have worn blue jeans. 1 Whether they are worn for work or for fashion today, Strauss' invention continues to be popular not only among Americans but also a

22、mong people around the world.Levi Strauss was born in Germany in 1829. 2 He grew up in Kentucky before moving to New York in 1847. Before becoming an American citizen and moving to the West in 1853, Strauss worked in his brother's dry goods business. This gave him a chance to produce his famous

23、invention. After the gold rush of 1949, Strauss decided to move to the West to seek his fortunes.Strauss did not want to be a person who searched an area for minerals. Instead, he knew he could make a good living by selling supplies to the miners. At first, he planned to sell sewing supplies and clo

24、th. 3 When he heard miners complaining that their clothes were easily broken or they usually tore their pockets during mining, he decided to use a special fabric to make pants for the miners. These pants proved so popular that he quickly ran out of materials to make more.In 1873, Strauss received a

25、letter from a Jewish tailor named Jacob Davis who had invented a process of connecting pockets with copper rivets (鉚釘). This made the pants last a long time. Because Davis did not have the money to patent his idea, he offered to share it with Strauss if Strauss would agree to pay for the patent. 4 B

26、y the time Strauss died in 1902, he had made a great contribution to American fashion. 5 The business has been growing ever since and Levi Strauss' company is now one of the largest clothing companies in the world.AAs a young boy, he moved with his family to the United States.BNobody knew what k

27、ind of material was suitable.CHe did and Levi jeans have been made with metal rivets ever since.DHowever, he did not get much business for those products.EHe also made a great contribution to America's clothing industry.FSince they were invented by Levi Strauss, they have become a symbol of Amer

28、ican consumer culture.GAs the business grew, Strauss got much money from it.【語篇解讀】短文講述了牛仔衣的發(fā)明者Strauss發(fā)明牛仔衣的過程和對(duì)世界做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。1F考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上句講牛仔衣的廣泛流行；下句講牛仔衣的發(fā)明者Strauss對(duì)世界做的重大貢獻(xiàn)。F項(xiàng)引出了牛仔衣的發(fā)明者，連接前后，故選F。2A考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。此處講Strauss的生平，出生和幼年時(shí)代，A項(xiàng)與上下句連接，故選A。3D考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。上句講他想把縫紉產(chǎn)品和衣服賣給礦工們，D項(xiàng)講他并沒有

29、得到多少生意，講上句的結(jié)果，故選D。4C考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講Jacob Davis向Strauss介紹自己的專利產(chǎn)品使用鉚釘使衣服結(jié)實(shí)，希望合作。C項(xiàng)講二人合作成功，產(chǎn)品被使用。故選C。5E考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講Strauss對(duì)美國(guó)時(shí)尚和制衣業(yè)做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)，故選E。 【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：40342040】.語法填空In much of Asia, especially the so­called “rice bowl”cultures of China, Japan, Korea，1. Vietnam, food is usually eaten wit

30、h chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long，thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might 2. (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods

31、 and metal 3. (create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots，4. (use) twigs(樹枝) to remove it.Over time，5. the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 6. (gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，7. lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC., influen