現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都表示一個(gè)在過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，如對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍，談?wù)摰氖乾F(xiàn)在的情況。而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在情況可能已發(fā)生變化。Who opened the door? (“誰(shuí)開(kāi)的門(mén)？”只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去開(kāi)門(mén)這一動(dòng)作，門(mén)現(xiàn)在可能已關(guān)上。)Who has opened the door? (“誰(shuí)把門(mén)開(kāi)了？”強(qiáng)調(diào)門(mén)現(xiàn)在依然還開(kāi)著。) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：three days ago, last year, yesterday, last Sunday

2、, in 2008等等。如句中有以上這些明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。再有，過(guò)去發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，如現(xiàn)在情況已經(jīng)發(fā)生的變化，也應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。特別提醒：如果這些過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)前有since，表示“自過(guò)去某一時(shí)間一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。  He finished reading the book the day before yesterday.   I put my ruler in my pencil-box, but I cant find it now.  My cousin has been in Nanjing since 2009.

3、0;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不與when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句連用，when后只用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可與where, why等疑問(wèn)詞連用。如：Where have you been? (你去過(guò)哪里了？)  -The train has left.   -When did the train leave? since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句后面用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，只有前面的主句才用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。We have known each other since we came to the school two years ago. 有些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如this morning

4、, this month, tonight等，既可以與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用，又可以與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，但內(nèi)涵不同。與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用時(shí)，表示與“現(xiàn)在”無(wú)關(guān)，時(shí)間已成為過(guò)去。而與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，則表示包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)。I saw him this morning. (時(shí)間已不在上午了。)I have seen him this morning. (說(shuō)話時(shí)間還是上午。)He lived in New York for eight years. (他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在紐約住了。)He has lived in New York for eight years. (他現(xiàn)在還在紐約居住。) 同步練習(xí)動(dòng)詞填空：

5、1.         I _(see) Tom last Friday.2.         _you _(go) to the Great Wall last summer?3.         -Where _ you _(put) my pen?         

6、   -I _(put) it in my pencil-box, but its nowhere to be found.4.         When _ you _(start) to live in China?5.         -The train _ (leave) already.           

7、;  -When _ the train _(leave)?6.         It is five years since I _(meet) you last.7.         Where _ you _(be) for the last two weeks?8.         I _ (lose) my pen in the bedr

8、oom. I have to write with a pencil. 單項(xiàng)選擇：(   ) 1. -Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere.          - I _ it right here. But now its gone!       A. did you put; have put      

9、;            B. have you put; put      C. had you put; was putting              D. were you putting; have put(   ) 2. My father _ here since he _

10、 to this school.     A. taught; came                                   B. has taught; came    C

11、. taught; has come                            D. has taught; has come(   ) 3. I am sorry youve missed the train. It _ 10 minutes ago. (山東)   

12、; A. left            B. has left              C. has been left      D. had left(   ) 4. Hi! Jim! Nice to meet you again! Its one year since I las

13、t _ you.(重慶)    A. saw           B. see                    C. seeing            

14、   D. have seen(   ) 5. - Have you visited the Dinosaur World, Elsa? （寧波）           - Yes, I _ it yesterday.    A. have visited  B. had visited         C. visited &#

15、160;             D. visit(   ) 6. - Nice to see you. I _ you for a long time. (南京)          - I _ in Bejing. Ive just come back.    A. hadnt seen; am   

16、60;                  B. havent seen; was       C. didnt see; will be                    D. have

17、nt seen; shall be(   ) 7. -What is the weather like this summer here?          - There _ very little rain.    A. has            B. has been      

18、      C. are             D. have been(   ) 8. When _you _ your dictionary?    A. did; lose   B. has; lost          C. will; lose  D. do

19、es; lose(   ) 9. Where _ you _? Which answer is not right?    A. are; going                               B. have; been&

20、#160;     C. did; go                                     D. are; doing(   ) 10. There _ many great c

21、hanges in my hometown since ten years ago.    A. were        B. have               C. are                 D. have b

22、een   Keys: 動(dòng)詞填空：1. saw  2. Did, go  3. have, put, put  4. did, start  5. has left, did, leave  6. met  7. have, been  8. have lost   單項(xiàng)選擇：15 BBAAC  610 BBADD現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題一、 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. Li Hong has _ the army for 2 years. A. joined B. be in C. been

23、in D. joined in 2. We have been friends since _. A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before 3. Mike _ the story for a month. A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed 4. You _ that question three times. A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. a

24、sked already 5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _. A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago 6. I _ at this school for two years. A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied 7. They _ in the city since last summer. A. live B. didnt live C. have lived D. live 8. M

25、rs. Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in 9. Mr. Black _ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to 10. His father _ for years. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies 11. Mary _ to see the films because she _ it twice. A.

26、wont go, saw B. wont go, will see C. wont go, has seen D. didnt go, sees 12.- Would you like some more food? -Thank you. I _ enough. A. will have B. have had C. have D. had 13. _ you _ England? Yes, it _ a beautiful country. A. Will, gone to, was B.Have, been to, is C. Had, been to, is D.Have, gone

27、to, is 14. -_ you _ to Beijing? -No, I _.I _ there early next month. A. Have, been, havent, am going B. Had, been, hadnt, am going C. Have, gone, havent, was going D. Did,go, didnt, was going 15. -You sister _ to London to study English. Is that true? -Yes , she _ there for two months. A. has been,

28、has been B. will go, has gone C. gone, will be D. has gone, has been 16. He has a computer of his own. He _ it two days ago A. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought 17. Where is Li Lei? He _ Shanghai. A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to 18. He _ his homework and is now listening t

29、o music. A. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is finishing 19. David _ Shanghai for more than three months. A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to 20. - Is your father a Party member? - Yes, he _ the party three years ago. He _ a Party member for three years. A. joined; has been

30、 B. has joined; has been C. was joined; is D. joined; was 21. -What a nice bike! How lone _ you _ it? -Just five weeks. A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; having D. have; had 22. I _ this book for a week .I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept 23. -_ your sister _ i

31、n Green China for a long time? -Yes. She joined it five years ago. A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Has; joined D. Have; joined 24. -How long have you _ from the USA? -For three months. A. come back B. returned C. go back D. been back 25. I _ this book for half a year. A. have bought B. have had C. bou

32、ght D. had 26. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _ for a year. A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has gone away 27. - _ you_ your homework yet? -Yes, I _ it just now. A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish 28. The sand s

33、torm weather _ in Beijing several times this year. A. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened 29. -How long have you been here? - _ last month. A. For B. Until C. Before D. Since 30. He _ a cold for three days. A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught 31. Jim Green _ in China for tw

34、o years. A. has come B. has been C. has arrived D. came 32. The film _ for half an hour. A. has been on B. has begun C. hasnt begun D. began 33.Where have you _ these days？ I have to Beijing with my friends A. been；gone B. been；been C. gone；been D. gone；gone 34How long have you _ this book？ A. bough

35、t Bborrowed Chad Dlent 35. We have lived here _ five years ago A. when Bsince Cbefore Dafter 36I have watched the game When _you _ it？ Ahave；watched Bdo；watch Cdid；watch Dwill；watch 37How do you like Beijing, Mr. Black？ Oh，I _ such a beautiful city Adon't visit Bdidn't visit Chaven't vis

36、ited Dhadn't visited 38Miss Brown _ to the Great Wall twice Ahave been Bhas been Chave gone Dhas gone 39.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _ he came to Yunnan Aafter Bbefore Csince Dfor 40His grandpa _ for two years Awas died Bhas been dead Cwas dead Dhas died 41Have you ever_ to Haikou

37、？ Yes，I_ there with my family last August Agone；went Bbeen；went Cbeen；went to Dbeen；was in 42. His sister _ her hometown for three years. She'll return next year Aleft Bhas left Chas been away Dhas been away from 以適當(dāng)形式填空 1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. - _ he _(finish)

38、 his work today ? -Not yet . 3. -_you _(be) to Hong Kong ? -Yes, I _ (be) there twice . 4. -_ you ever _(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? -No, never. 5. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 6. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office. 7. Shanghai _ (be) a small town hundreds

39、of years ago. Now it _ (become) a large city. 8. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999. 9. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 10. -How long _ the Smiths _(stay)here? - For two weeks. 11. - I _ (see) the film “Chicken Run”. - Where and when _ you _ (see) it? - Last week. 12. Mary _ al

40、ready _ (have) her supper. 13. I _ (not want) to see the film. I _ (see) it with my parents. We _ (see) it last Sunday. 14. -_ Uncle Wang _ (mend) the TV yet? -Yes, he_. -When _ he _ it? - Yesterday. 15. _ you _ (read) todays newspaper yet? 16. They _already_(do) their homework. But they dont know w

41、hat_ (do) next. 17. -_ you _ (see) the film last night? -No, I _ (see) it for several times. 18. She _ (be) ill for three days. 19. My father _ ( buy) a book for me yesterday. He_ already _(pay) fifty yuan for it. 20. She_ (not read) this book before. 21. _ you ever _ (travel) on a train before? 22.

42、 - _ Wei Hua _ (come) yet? -Yes. She_ (come) already. She _ (come) just now. 23. -How long _you _(learn) English? -For more than two years. 24. They _ (live) in China since they _ (move) to China. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞)。 1. I have been to Macau before.(改為否定句) I _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasnt come to scho

43、ol because hes ill (就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ he come to school? 3. He has learned English for 5 years. (就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ _ _ learned English ? 4. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改寫(xiě)) I _ just _a new bike. 5. We began to learn English three years ago.(改為同義句) We _ _ English _ three years 6. He has lived here since

44、 1999.(就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ _ he_ here? 7. They have already finished the work.（否定） They _ _ the work _. 8. My father got there two days ago.（同義句） My father _ _ _ for two days. 9. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999.（同義句） Mr. Li _ _ English in this school since 1999. 10. The factory opened

45、ten years ago.（同義句） The factory _ _ _ for ten years. 11.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ _ _ they _ the classroom this week? 12. My father went to England in 2003 and 2005. （同義句） My father _ _ _ England _. 13. John left Beijing three years ago. （同義句） John_ _ _ Beijing_ three

46、 years. 14. His company closed in 2003. （同義句） His company _ _ _ _ 2003. 15. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同義句） My father _ _ the car _ half a year. 16. We got to know each other for about 15 years. （同義句） We _ _ each other _ about 15 years. 17. The film began ten minutes ago. （同義句） The f

47、ilm _ _ _ for ten minutes. 18. I borrowed this book two weeks ago. （同義句） I _ _ this book for two weeks.一、 單項(xiàng)選擇。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _what's happened to him .（呼和浩特）. knew . have known . must know .will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?. already .never .ever . still 3、

48、Have you met Mr Li _？. just . ago .before . a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Z

49、hao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was ; studying . will ; study. has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been t

50、o the United States . Really ? When _ there ?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . join

51、ed . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How long have you _ here ?About two months . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . has begun . had begun. has been

52、on . began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has . will . was16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the

53、classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) have they been here?3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （動(dòng)詞填空）4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) T