一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)

1、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2. 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day. 我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3. 表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)和普遍真理。如：The earth goes around the su n.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)關(guān)鍵詞always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom極少,hardly 幾乎不,never, every day(week, year, night),on Sun days,

2、 on Mon day, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a mon th每月一次 / 兩次 / 三次三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be 動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+ 其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一個(gè)男孩。2. 行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞 什其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，即要在動(dòng)詞后加"-S"或"-es"。如:Mary likesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. b

3、e動(dòng)詞的變化。 否定句：主語(yǔ) + be + n ot + 其它。如：He is n ot a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑問(wèn)句：Be + 主語(yǔ) + 其它。如：-Are you a stude nt?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行為動(dòng)詞的變化。 否定句：主語(yǔ) + don 't( does n't ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 什其它)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does n't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He does n&#

4、39;t often play. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：-Do you ofte n play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：-Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she does n't. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 + 一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?3. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, must, will, shall, might, s

5、hould. )的句子變化陳述句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其它否定句：主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+n ot+動(dòng)詞原形+其它一般疑問(wèn)句： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它+ ？特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞 +情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？What can he do in the future?五、動(dòng)詞碰到第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化：動(dòng)詞+S的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加 -s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks work - works2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，力口 -es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,

6、go-goes3. 以“輔音字母+y ” 結(jié)尾，變?yōu)?i,再加-es，如：study-studies carry - carries4. have - has現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)【概念】1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+be+do ing【用法】肯定句：主語(yǔ)+ be+do ing + 其他.否定句：主語(yǔ) + be+not+doing + 其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+doi ng +其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ) +be(am / is / are)特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞 (what how where whe n.)+be +主語(yǔ)+do in g+ 其它+ ？關(guān)鍵詞： now, l

7、ook , liste n, at this mome nt一般過(guò)去時(shí)【概念】1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(+ed)【用法】肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(+ed) +其他.否定句：主語(yǔ)+didn ' t +動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Did +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)+did.否定回答：No，主語(yǔ)+ didn ' t關(guān)鍵詞：last year / Mon day /month.,this morning, two days / three years.ago , in + 過(guò)去的年份,just now, When I w

8、as 6 years old, once upon a time.2、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：一般動(dòng)詞+edpla nted,watered,climbed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾+dliked輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+ iedstudy studied, cry- cried重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字雙寫最后一stop - stopped母?jìng)€(gè)字母+edpla n - pla nned3 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式:原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式原形過(guò)去式sweepsweptteachtaughthavehadgowentkeepkeptth inkthoughtdodidfindfou ndsleepsleptb

9、uyboughteatatesaysaidfeelfeltdrinkdrankis/amwastaketookreadreadgivegaveareweremea nmeantputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbegi nbega nspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawflyflewrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsathearheardtelltoldlear ned/growgrewlear ngetgotknowknewlearnt般將來(lái)時(shí)【概念】1一般將

10、來(lái)時(shí)：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)(任何人稱和數(shù))+will +動(dòng)詞原形【用法】肯定句：主語(yǔ)+will +動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句：主語(yǔ)+will not ( won't ) +動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句： Will +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主語(yǔ)+will.否定回答：No，主語(yǔ)+ wo n't.【概念】2.由"主語(yǔ)+be ( am; is ; are ) going to +動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)表示一般將來(lái)時(shí)。【用法】1. 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+be ( am; is ; are ) going to + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句：主語(yǔ) +be (am;

11、is ; are ) +not+ going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be (Am ; Is; Are ) +主語(yǔ)+going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形+其他？肯定回答： Yes，主語(yǔ) +be(am; is ; are ).否定回答： No，主語(yǔ) + be(am; is ; are ) +not.2. 雖然“ will +動(dòng)詞原形”和“ be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”都可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)，但兩者還是有些區(qū)別的。下 面例句中的 will和be going to一般不可以互換。will可以表示“主觀意愿"，或者表示“請(qǐng)求”；以及表示“不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移，自然發(fā)展的未來(lái)的事”，be g

12、oing to側(cè)重于表示“打算、計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備要做的事”；或者“根據(jù)某種跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事”。名詞的復(fù)習(xí)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式變化：（1）規(guī)則變化1） 一般變化，在名詞后加-s，如：book books; bag bags2）以 s, x, ch, sh 結(jié)尾的名面， 力口-es，如：bus buses; box boxes; watch watches; wish wishes;glass glasses3）以輔音字母加-y 結(jié)尾的單詞，變 y 為 i 再加-es，如:city cities; country countries; study studies;family families4)以f或

13、fe結(jié)尾的單詞，有些將f或fe變?yōu)関,再加-es;有些只加-s :wife wives;kn ifeknives;wolf wolves; thiefthieves;shelf shelves; myself myselves;life lives;half -halves;leaf leaves;roof - roofs;chief chiefs;belief beliefs;proof -proofs;handkerchief handkerchiefs/handerchieves(手帕/頭巾)記住下面這首順口溜，相信你就不會(huì)覺得難了。妻子(wife )持刀(knife )去宰狼(wolf

14、 ),小偷(thief )嚇得發(fā)了慌;躲在架后(shelf)保己命(myself ),半(half)片樹葉(leaf )遮目光。按：順口溜中的黑體加粗字是小學(xué)階段學(xué)過(guò)的九個(gè)以一f(e)結(jié)尾的名詞：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀),wolf(狼),thief(小偷)，shelf(架子)，self(自己)，life(生命)，half( 一半)，leaf(樹葉)。這九個(gè)詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，都是 改-f(e)為ve再加-s。由self構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，其變化與self相同(如：myself宀ourselves ; yourself宀yourselves ； himself , herselfitself th

15、emselves) 。5)以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些加-s，有些加-es。如：hero heroes; Negro Negroes; potato potatoes; tomato tomatoes ( 兩人兩菜)photo photos; radio radios; pia no pia nos; studio studios; bamboo bamboos; zero zeros/zeroes;（2）不規(guī)則變化child childre n;foot feet; tooth teeth; goose geese;mouse mice;man men;woma n wome n注意：由一個(gè)詞加 m

16、an 或woman 構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式同上。Englishman Englishmen;Frenchman frenchmen;但 German Germans（不是合成詞）（3）單復(fù)數(shù)同形deer; sheep; fish; Chinese; Japanese課堂作業(yè)一.按要求寫出下列詞的其它形式：1. house（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）2.play（過(guò)去式）3. make（過(guò)去式）4. orange（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）5. draw（過(guò)去式）6.buy（過(guò)去式）7. brush（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）8. family（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）9. bus（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）10.put（過(guò)去式）11.box（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）12. baby

17、（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）13. class（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）14. factory（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）15.has（過(guò)去式）16. fly（過(guò)去式）17. watch（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）18. woman（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）19. go（過(guò)去式）20. sing（過(guò)去式）21. wish（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）22. German（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）23. tomato（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）24.forget（過(guò)去式）25. kilo（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）26.ru n27. build28. Chi nese（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）29.spe nd（過(guò)去式）30. Japanese（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）31. leaf（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）32. America n（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）33.sleep34.

18、tooth（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）35. wife（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）36. foot（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）37. win（過(guò)去式）38.sheep（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）39. hear（過(guò)去式）二單選。1. There are threeand seve nin the picture.A. cows, sheepsB.cows, sheepC. cow, sheepD. cow, sheeps2. Ju ne 1 isA. childre n's dayB. childre n's Day C. Childre n' s DayD. Childre n' s day3.room is next t

19、o their pare ntsA. Kate 's and Joan' s B. Kate ' s andJoa nC. Kate and Joa n' s D. Kate and Joan4. Miss Gree n is a frie nd of.A. Mary 's mother ' s B.Mary ' s motherC. Mary mother' s D.mother' s of Mary5. Sheepwhite and milkalso white.A. is, areB. are, isC. is, i

20、sD. are, are6.1' d like to have a glass of milk andA. two breadsB. two pieces of breadsC. two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread7. Manyare singing over there.A. woma nB. wome nC. girlD. child8. He boughtA. two pairs of shoesB. two pair of shoesC. two pairs of shoeD. two pair of shoe9. Mr. Whit

21、e has three.A. childB. childre nC. childsD. childre ns10. Once upon a time, therea little girl and three bears.A were B was C are D is11. Who taught you En glish? My father.A taught B teaches C was D did12. hea good rest ?No, he did n 'tA Have , had B Did, have C Did , had D Had, had13. do you p

22、lay basketball? Three times a week.A How ofte nB How much CWhe nD Where14.Sa ndyto the Great Wall n ext Friday.A will go B went C is going D are going15. Liste n! Your sister.A smili ngB smiles C smile D is smili ng16. hesome shopp ing tomorrow after noon?A Will .does B Is .going todoC Is .doing DSh

23、all.does17. If hetocollege, hea lot more.A will gowilllearnB will go.is going to learn Cis going is goingto learnD goes .willlear n18. Don ' t talk with each other . The baby.A sleeps B slept C was sleep ing D is sleep ing19. Taiwa n liesin the south of China.Japa n liesthe east of Chi na.A in ,

24、 on B in, to C on , in D on, to20. PIease write a letter to me asas possible. I miss you so much.A soonB sooner C soonestD the soon est三用所給詞的正確形式填空。1. He( n eed) a pair of shoes.2. Je nny runs home and( sit) on the chair.3.She( not do ) her homework every day.4. Look at those old people. They areand

25、( sing, dance)5. They all(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.6. Did he(have ) lunch at home?7.1(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. The sun(rise) in the east and(set) in the west.9. Tom enjoys(go) swimmi ng in summer.10. You had better(go) by bus, or you will be late.11. Tom will(tell)

26、Li Ming the good news as soon as he sees him.12. Last ni ght, we(not go) back home un til the teacher left school.13. Would Mary like( go ) to Sha nghai with us?14. There(be) a En glish text next Mon day.15. Ca n ' t you see I' m busy(cook) ?四按要求改寫句子。I.Did you do your homework last ni ght?(作

27、否定回答)2， John went to see his grandmother once a week.(就戈U線部分提問(wèn)3.Bill went to Guan gzhou last mon th(就劃線部分提問(wèn)）4. I went to Beijing five times last year (改為一般疑冋句）5.They can make good pla ne.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句）6. He is drinking tea un der the tree.(改為否定句）7.Mary always talks about the fashion show.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句）五閱讀理解。W

28、hat is the best way to learn a Ianguage? We should remember that we learned our own模仿）Ianguage well when we were children. If we learn a second Ianguage in the same way, it will notseem difficult. Think of what a small child does. He liste ns to what people say and tries to imitate( what he hears. W

29、hen he wants someth ing he has to ask for it, he is using the Ian guage , talk ing in it all the time. If people have to use a second Ianguage all the time, they will learn it quickly.We lear n our own Ian guage by heari ng people speak it , not by see ing what they write. Weimitate what we hear. I

30、n school , though you lear n to read and write as well as to hear and speak, itis best to lear n all the new words through the ear. You can read them , spell them and write them later.()1. Every one lear ns his mother Ian guage whe n he.A was a kid B is a kid C was a man D is five()2. A little child

31、 lear ns to speak by imitating.A what people say B what people see C what people think D what people hear()3. People can lear n all Ian guage quickly if they.A read and write it sometimesB ask for it C hear it at times D use it all the time()4.It is best to lear n new words throughfirst.A read ing B

32、 liste ningC writi ngD spelli ng .()5. What is the best way to lear n a Ian guage?A Liste ning to what people singB Imitati ng what people doCUsing the Ian guage all the timeD Both A and BBAn old man owned a very clever mon key. He was fond of the mon key. The old man loved to situn der the big tree

33、 in his garde n and sleep in the after noon. When birds came into the garde n andmade no ises , the mon key chased him away. He also chased away flies which were on the manface while he was sleep ing .One hot summer after noon, the old man was asleep in his chair. A fly came and sat on the endof his

34、 no se. The mon key was sitt ing beside the old man. He saw the fly and chased it away from the old man ' s no se. Soon the fly returned. The mon key chased it away aga in. After a while , the fly came back and the mon key chased it , and this happe ned five or six times. Now the mon key was an gry. He jump up and picked up a larg