2020年高考模擬考試英語試卷10(解析版)

1、2020 年高考模擬考試英語試卷10（考試時間： 90 分鐘 試卷滿分： 120 分）注意事項：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40 分）第一節(jié) （共 15 小題；每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AKQED is a Public Br

2、oadcasting Service station in California, US. The station is owned by Northern California Public Broadcasting. Some of its radio programs are as follows: The CoolerAs one of the most popular programs among young listeners, the Cooler is a podcast （ 博客 ） about pop culture stories and music, presented

3、 in a smart, fun and personal way. Come and join us on our journey.Time: MON -THU, 8 pm 9 pm. Here & NowA live production, in cooperation with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in -depth news, inter

4、views and conversation. Hosted by Robin YoungTime: MON -THU, 11am 1 pm Mind ShiftThe Mind Shift podcast explores the innovations （ 創(chuàng)新 ） in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are develop

5、ing effective ways to improve how kids learn. They cover topics like how teachers are developing surprising methods to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts is helping kids develop reading skills.Time: THU -SUN, 7 pm 9 pm Living on EarthLiving on Earth is a weekly news and infor

6、mation program about the world's changing environment, ecology, and human health. If there's something new about climate change, environmental politics or environmental quality and human health, you can count on Host Steve Curwood and the LOE public radio news team to keep you up to date.Tim

7、e: WED, 9 am 10 am1. At what time can the audience enjoy pop culture stories?A. Tuesday, 8 pm 9pm.B. Wednesday, 9 am 10 am.C. Friday, 8 pm 9pm.D. Sunday, 7pm 9pm.2. From which radio program can listeners pick up news at noon?A. The Cooler.B. Here & Now.C. Mind Shift.D. Living on Earth.3. Which o

8、f these topics might be covered in Living on Earth?A. Education policies.B. Economic problems.C. Human population.D. Global warming.【答案】1. A2. B3. D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國加利福尼亞的公共廣播服務(wù)中心KQED的節(jié)目，包括節(jié)目內(nèi)容、播出時間等。1. 細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)文中 “The Coole龍2部分提至U “ As one of the most popular programs among young listeners, th

9、e Cooler is a podcast （博客） about pop culture stories and music,是l,the cooler樂的節(jié)目, 其播出時間為周一至周四，根據(jù)題目要求，A項符合題意，故選 Ao2. 細節(jié)理解題。文章 “Here & Now部分提到該節(jié)目播出時間為周一至周四，上午11點至下午1點，B項符合題意，故選Bo3. 細節(jié)理解題。文章 “Living on Earth部分提至ij “Living on Earth is a weekly news and information program about the world's chang

10、ing environment, ecology, and human health. 該節(jié)目是關(guān)于全球環(huán)境、生態(tài)、人類健康等方面。D項符合題意，故選 DoBIn the trailer （拖車式房屋 ）,Sischo was refreshing the snails 鍋牛）accommodations-an ongoing routine that takes days of careful work. He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides -a third of the world's population of the s

11、pecies. Once every individual was accounted for, he cleaned the cage and packed in new leaves. The work took much trouble, but the responsibility, he said, was like“ a heavy weight sitting on you.”The trailer is very vulnerable. It' s designed to keee ahieyewo and to resist hurricanes. But a fir

12、ecould easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogon （病原體） appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species. As sad as the event was, there no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails can

13、' t simply be spread among zoos or other 1 they need special equipment, experienced handlers, and a diet of native Hawaiian plants.Consequently, it can be hard for the snails' minders to relax, even when they are outside the trailer.switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction

14、?" Sischo said. While action lightens the burden, yet with animals whose natural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. "If you do it wrong, the snails die.Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved. Sischo's friends sometimes tease him about being "the strange

15、snailguy' ; strangers ask why he cares. It's hard to convince people, but he insists that if he can just get them in the trailer, they will understand why the Achatinella bulimoides are worth saving. "People melt," he said that the entire population is in this chamber, it hits them

16、.4. What is the trailer used for?A. Accommodating guestsC. Planting vegetables.5. What does the underlined wordA. Quite.C. Easily affected.B. Sheltering snailsD. Alarming thieves.vulnerable" mean in paragraph?B. Safe.D. Well protected.6. What is the snail minders' attitude towards their job

17、?A. Relaxed.B. Confident.C. CautiousD. Disapproving7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. The Last of Its KindB. The Worst of TimesC. Mourn Its LossD. Resist Possible Dangerous【答案】4. B5. C6. C7. A【語篇解讀】本文為說明文。主要說明為了拯救瀕臨滅絕的蝸牛物種，人類為它們制作了特殊的設(shè)備-拖車式房屋，經(jīng)驗豐富的馴養(yǎng)員和夏威夷本地植物的飲食，這些都有益于

18、蝸牛的保護。5. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“The trailer. It s designed to keep away would-be thieved, and to resisthurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through itAs sad as the event was, there sno good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails can t simply be spread among

19、zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment. ”可知，拖車房屋很脆弱。它的設(shè)計是為了避免可能被盜，抵御颶風(fēng)。但是火災(zāi)很容易摧毀它，或者疾病可以席卷它。 ，但沒有好的辦法來防止未來的災(zāi)難。蝸牛不能簡單地在動物園或其他設(shè)施中生存：它們需要特殊的設(shè)備 。這個特殊的設(shè)備就是the trailer。由此可知，這個和the trailer是給蝸牛住的房子，是收容蝸牛，為其遮風(fēng)擋雨的。分析選項可知，故B 項符合題意。6. 猜測詞義題。根據(jù)劃線詞 The trailer is very vulnerable 后的內(nèi)容“ It s designed

20、 to keep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogen appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”拖車房屋的設(shè)計是為了防止?jié)撛诘谋I竊，并抵御颶風(fēng)。但是一場火災(zāi)可以輕

21、易地摧毀它，或 者一種疾病可以席卷它。由此可推斷出，這種拖車房屋很容易被火燒，疾病可摧毀它，所以它是易受其他 因素影響的。故選 C 。7. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段it can be hard for the snails' minders to relax, even when they are outside the trailer“ How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction? yet with animals whose natural historyis largely unkno

22、wn, that action can be dangerous. "If you do it wrong, the snails die. ”蝸牛的看護人員即使在拖車房外也很難放松. “你的決定會影響它們的生存或毀滅， 你怎么能不擔(dān)心呢？”但對于自然基本一無所知的動物來說，這種行動可能是危險的。如果你做錯了，蝸牛就會死。由此可知，蝸?？醋o者對待他們的態(tài)度是謹慎小心的。分析選項 A. Relaxed.放松的；B. Confident自信的； C. Cautious謹慎小心的；D. Disapproving 反對的。可知 C項符合題意，故選 Co8. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ He

23、 had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides-a third of the world'spopulation of the species” 一天他發(fā)現(xiàn)了 12種蝸牛，占世界蝸?？倲?shù)的三分之一。第二段中的“LastSeptember , a mystery pathogon （病原體）appeared to have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killingalmost an entire species.” 去年 9 月 ,一個謎似的 （病原體進入了拖車中蝸牛吃的樹葉

24、, 幾乎殺死整個物種。 第三段中的"How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction? ” Sischo said?！澳愕臎Q定 會影響它們的生存或毀滅， 你怎么能不擔(dān)心呢？你的決定會影響它們的生存或毀滅， 你怎么能不擔(dān)心呢？” 由此可推斷出：這種蝸牛的數(shù)量極少，也就是說“這種物種最后的幾條蝸?！?。分析選項可知 A 項“這種 物種最后的幾條蝸?！睘槎涛淖罴褬祟}。故選 A 。CFood experts say washing could spread the germs on your turke

25、y in the kitchen sink or nearby food. But it's been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing （沖洗） off raw poultry. Germs that can make people sick are common in the guts of healthy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. The assumption is that nobody eats the

26、ir poultry raw, and that thorough cooking will kill the bacteria.The do not wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn't caught on because it goes against the common belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman. Benjamin Chapman, a study author and food safe

27、ty expert at North Carolina State University, said the instinct to wash raw poultry goes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problems with poultry. Meanwhile, washing hands and surfaces are also important.But food preparation is a complicated act, and germs from pou

28、ltry can be spread even if it's not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging.The USDA -funded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken with a harmless strain of E. coli（大腸桿菌） and watched volunteer cooks at test kitchens. Among those who washed their raw chicken,

29、 about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking.To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermomete

30、r to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after the meal is cooked, you aren't out of the danger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftovers safe, experts say they should be refrigerated after two hours.9. People don't accept USDA's advice because.

31、A. the advice is relatively newB. cleaning seems more trustworthyC. cooks clean the turkey before cooking itD. heat can kill most germs and no one eats raw food10. What can be concluded from Paragraph 4?A. Food packages carry germs.B. Hands and surfaces are easy to get E. coli.C. Germs from a turkey

32、 can be spread whether it is washed or not.D. Multiple methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.11. Which way may help to cook a turkey safely?A. Rinse off the turkey before it is heated.B. Keep the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator.C. Wash hands and packages before taking o

33、ut the turkey.D. Use a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.12. From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken?A. Culture.B. Science.C. Education.D. Medicine.【答案】8. B9. C10. D11. B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了食品專家說清洗可能會在廚房水槽或附近的食物中傳播火雞身上的細菌，但美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的研究強調(diào)無論是否被清洗，火雞身上的細菌都會傳播，同時指出用溫度計檢查火雞

34、的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞。8. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ The do not wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn't caught on because it goes against the common belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman.” 可知，查普曼說，美國農(nóng)業(yè)部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建議相對較新，但可能還沒有流行起來，因為這違背了人們普遍認為的“清洗可以使東西干凈”的觀念，由此可知，人們不

35、接受美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的建議是因為清洗似乎更值得信賴，故B 項正確。9. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“ Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys

36、: melting and cooking. ”可知，在那些清洗生雞肉的人中， 約四分之一的人最終將細菌傳播到生菜上， 但即使是一些沒有清洗雞肉的人， 生菜上也有細菌，火雞身上的細菌還有其他生存的機會：融化和烹飪，由此可知，不管火雞是否被清洗，它身上的細菌都會傳播，故 C 項正確。10. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 de

37、grees. ”可知，為了確保一只家禽被徹底煮熟，他們說要用溫度計檢查它最深和最厚的部分是否達到 165 度，由此可知，用溫度計檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞，故D 項正確。11. 推理判斷題。 通讀全文可知， 本文主要介紹了食品專家說清洗可能會在廚房水槽或附近的食物中傳播火雞身上的細菌，但美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的研究強調(diào)無論是否被清洗，火雞身上的細菌都會傳播，同時指出用溫度計檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞， 這屬于科學(xué)范疇， 因此這篇文章最有可能出自于雜志的科學(xué)版塊，故 B 項正確。DThe new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in S

38、hanghai starting July 1. Many citizens are still confused about the classification of the four different types of trash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to explain the new rules.The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau, provides a rat

39、her clear definition on the four kinds if waste: recyclable waste, harmful waste, household food waste and residual （ 剩余 ） waste.A team from the U. K.'s National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine examined 14 lean and overweight men and analyzed their metabolic （ 新陳代謝 ） health. The participa

40、nts were either assignedHarmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various poisonous materials like used batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.Household food waste which is translated to "wet trashin Chinese refers to food leftovers, ropet food, fruit peels, rem

41、ains of TCM herbs （ 中藥 ） and flowers.Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles （紡織品 ） are counted as recyclable waste.The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listed above belongs to this category.As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard ti

42、me sorting trash correctly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. For instance, both plastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, the former falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residual waste. To save the hassle, some net

43、izens have come up with their own way to sort trash."We should do this from a pig's angle," commented one netizen. "Those edible （ 可食用 ） for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs don't want to eat are residual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then so

44、mething must be harmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used to purchase pigs are recyclable waste."The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trash properly will be fined RMB200.12. What do the old coats that you want to throw away bel

45、ong to?B. Wet trash.D. Residual wasteB. They all come from plants.D. They all have poisonous materials.B. Humorous.A. Harmful waste.C. Recyclable waste.13. What is the common point of "wet trash"?A. They can be broken down easily.C. They all have bad smells.14. What is the tone of the neti

46、zen like?A. Serious.C. Delightful.D. Uncertain.15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The four sorts of garbing are forbidden in Shanghai.B. Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.C. people are still confused about garbage sorting.D. The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting

47、policy.【答案】12. C13. A14. B15. B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了上海垃圾分類政策的規(guī)范，包括有害垃圾、可回收垃圾、濕垃圾等的分類規(guī)范。12 .細節(jié)理解題。由文中 Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles （紡織品）are counted as recyclable waste.可知,old coats是可回收利用的廢品。由此可知，C項符合題意，故選 Co13 .細節(jié)理解題。文中第五段提到“Household food waste which is translated to "wet trash"

48、 in Chineseto food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs （ 中藥）and flowers. 廚余垃圾也可被稱 作濕垃圾，其中包括一些水果皮、中藥渣、花等等，由此可知這類垃圾都能夠輕易被破壞，故選Ao14 .推理判斷題。根據(jù)"We should do this from a pig可知s angel用匚種調(diào)侃的口氣來說的。A. Serious.嚴肅的，B. Humorous.幽默的，C. Delightful.令人愉快的，D. Uncertain.猶豫不決的。由此可知，

49、B項符合題意，故選Bo15 .主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹了上海實行的垃圾分類政策，緊接著又對各項垃圾進行了具體闡述，由此 判斷本文主要介紹了上海正在實行垃圾分類。故選Bo第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，茜分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。While most people feel lonely now and then, it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. 51. Psychologists are studying this complex phe

50、nomenon, and have identified three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary.52. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation -for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind

51、 of loneliness can cause physical problems, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe.53. People who experience chronic （慢性的）loneliness have many problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people thin

52、k there is little or nothing they can do to improve their conditions.54. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists

53、have found that the number of social contacts we have is not the only reason for loneliness. 55. In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes fell they should have more. They question their own popularity.A. However, this type of loneliness is not so serious.B.

54、For some people, though, loneliness can last for years.C. Psychologists are exploring possible ways to solve the problem.D. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.E. It is more important how many social contacts we think or expect we should have.F. Psychologists agr

55、ee that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts.G. Unlike the second type, habitual loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.【答案】16. B17. D18. G19. F20. E【文章大意】這是一篇選句填空。本文主要討論了孤獨：心理學(xué)家把孤獨分為了三種，第一種孤獨不 會持續(xù)太久，它是最普通的一種孤獨；第二種是情景式孤獨，是某種特定情況產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果；

56、與前兩種 不同，第三種孤獨是最嚴重的，通常持續(xù)兩年以上，沒有具體原因。17. 根據(jù)前文 While most people feel lonely now and then, it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours.可知盡管大多數(shù)人偶爾會感到孤獨，這種孤獨通常只持續(xù)幾分鐘。B. For some people, though, lonelinesscan last for years.然而，對于一些人來說孤獨可以持續(xù)幾年。符合文意，故選 B項。18. 根據(jù)前文 The first kind of lonelines

57、s is temporary.可知第種孤獨是暫時的。 D. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention它通常很快就消失，而且不需要任何牛!別的關(guān)注。符合文意，故選 D 項。19. 根據(jù)前文 The third kind of loneliness is the most severe.可知第三種孤獨是最嚴重的。G. Unlike the secondtype, habitual loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no sp

58、ecific cause.不像第二種，習(xí)慣性孤獨通常 持續(xù)超過兩年，并且沒有特別的原因。符合文意，故選 G項。20. 根據(jù)前文 We depend on various people for different reasons.可知我們因為不同的原因依賴各種人。F.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts.心理學(xué)家相信孤獨的個重 要因素是一個人的社交關(guān)系。符合文意，故選F項。21. 根據(jù)下文 In other words, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes fell they should have more.可知換句話來說，孤獨的人雖然有一些社交，但有時他們認為自己需要更多。E. It is more importanthow many social contacts we think or expect we should have.更重要的是我們覺得或者期待自己有