中考復習：冠詞和數(shù)詞講解+練習

1、.冠詞和數(shù)詞一、冠詞的用法 冠詞是限定詞的一種，不能單獨使用，常用于修飾名詞。冠詞有兩種：不定冠詞a/an和定冠詞the?！究键c一】定冠詞的根本用法 1表示上文提到過的人或事物 eg：I have a book，and the book is written by Mo Yan.我有一本莫言寫的書。2用于說話人和聽話人都知道的人或物 eg：Do you know the boy under the tree？ 你認識那個在樹下的男孩嗎？3用于世界上獨一無二的事物前 eg：the earth地球，the sun太陽， the moon月亮。4用于表示方位的名詞前面 eg：in the front

2、 of在前面，in the east 在東方，on the left在左邊。5用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級前eg：He is the first student to get to school. 他是第一個到達學校的學生。He is the tallest student in his class. 他是班里最高的學生。6用于普通名詞構成的專有名詞前 eg：the Great Wall長城7用于形容詞前，使其名詞化eg：We should help the old.我們應該幫助老人。8用于江河、海洋、海峽、山脈、群島、建筑物等名詞前 eg：the Changjiang River長江， the

3、Pacific Ocean 太平洋9用于復數(shù)姓氏前，表示“一家人 eg：The Greens are having dinner. 格林一家人正在吃晚飯。10用于西洋樂器類名詞前 eg：I like playing the piano.我喜歡彈鋼琴。11inthe年份復數(shù)形式，表示“在多少世紀多少年代 eg：This story happened in the 1920s. 這個故事發(fā)生在20世紀20年代。12用于一些固定短語中 eg：in the morning在早晨，in the end最后，by the way順便提一下，at the same time 同時典例精講：A new roa

4、d was built between our village and the town.road is wide and clean.A.不填B. TheC.A One of the advantages of playingguitar is that it can give you a great deal of pleasure. A. a B. the C.不填London held30th Olympic Games in 2019.A. a B. an C. the D./ 【考點二】不定冠詞的根本用法 1泛指人或事物的某一種類eg：A plane is a machine th

5、at can fly.飛機是一種可以飛行的機器。I want to be a teacher.我想成為一名老師。2指某一人或事物，但不詳細說明 eg：He is a teacher in our school. 他是我們學校的一名老師。 3用于一些表示重量、長度、時間等的單位名詞前，表示“每一 eg：I go shopping once a week. 我一周去購物一次。4表數(shù)量，相當于one，但語氣較弱 eg：My father bought me a new bike. 我爸爸給我買了一輛新自行車。5使抽象名詞詳細化 eg：There was a strong snow last nigh

6、t. 昨晚下了一場大雪。6在一些固定搭配中 eg：a little一點，a few一些，have a look看一看，have a good time玩得開心典例精講：1. Be careful！There isdog lying on the ground.Thanks a lot. A. a B. an C. the D./ 2. What do you want to be in the future，John？I want to befashion designer. It is_amazing job. A. a；the B. an；a C. a；an D. an；the 【考點三】

7、零冠詞的根本用法 1表示泛指、種類的復數(shù)名詞之前 eg：I like animals.我喜歡動物。2不含普通名詞的專有名詞前 eg：Mary is from America.瑪麗來自美國。3名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾時 eg：This is my pen.這是我的鋼筆。4季節(jié)、月份、星期等名詞前一般不用冠詞 eg：I usually go camping in spring. 春天我通常去野營。5稱呼用語前不用冠詞eg：Whats the matter，Mom？怎么了，媽媽？6一日三餐前不用冠詞eg：He didnt have breakfast this morni

8、ng.他今天早上沒吃早餐。7球類運動和棋類的名詞前不用冠詞eg：My father likes playing chess.我父親喜歡下棋。8在一些成對出現(xiàn)的詞語前不用冠詞 eg：I like eating fruit and vegetables.我喜歡吃水果和蔬菜。9一些名詞前不加冠詞表示有特定的意義。 eg：go to school去上學， go to the school去那所學校，go to hospital去醫(yī)院看病，go to the hospital去那所醫(yī)院不一定看病類似的有bed，table，class，university等。典例精講：I usually dont go

9、to school onSunday.A. aB. theC. / 二、數(shù)詞的用法數(shù)詞是表示數(shù)量或順序的單詞，分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種?！究键c一】基數(shù)詞表達法 范圍特點例詞112無規(guī)律one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve1319以teen結尾thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen2090之間的整十數(shù)以ty結尾twenty，thirty，forty，fifty，sixty，seventy，eighty，ninety2199之間的

10、兩位數(shù)整十位除外十位與個位之間要加連字符“twentyfive，ninetynine101999百位和十位之間通常用and連接one hundred and eleven千以上右后向前每三位加一個逗號，第一個逗號讀thousand千，第二個讀million百萬，第三個讀billion十億，然后一節(jié)一節(jié)讀four thousand two hundred and fiftyfive4，255典例精講：trees have been planted near here，so the air is very fresh. A. Two hundreds B. Hundred ofC. Hundred

11、s of D. Hundreds 【考點二】序數(shù)詞表達法 范圍特點例詞1、2、3無規(guī)律first，second，third419一般在基數(shù)詞后加thfourth，fifth，eighth，ninth，twelfth，nineteenth2090整十數(shù)把基數(shù)詞后的y變成ie，再加thtwentieth，ninetieth21及其后的多位數(shù)個位數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，其余用基數(shù)詞21st：twentyfirst，110th：one hundred and tenth典例精講：1. Now，everybody，please turn to Pageand look at thepicture. A. Fifth

12、；fiveB. Five；fifth C. Fifth；fifth D. Five；five 2. I got a beautiful bike onbirthday. I like it very much. A. fifteenth B. fifteen C. my fifteen D. my fifteenth 【考點三】分數(shù)表達法 1/2：a half/one half1/4：a fourth/one fourth/a quarter/one quarter3/4：three quarters/three fourths 分數(shù)表達法：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于一，分母加“-s

13、。典例精講：1. There are 60 students in my class and 44 of them use weibo very often.44？That means about _of your classmates are weibo users，right？ AhalfBone third Ctwo thirds Dthree quarters 2. About _ of the students in our class were born in the_. Atwothirds，1990s Btwothirds，1990 Ctwothird，1990s 【考點四】特

14、殊用法1in物主代詞數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式，表示“在某人多少歲時 eg：He began to write in his forties. 他在四十多歲時開場寫作。2inthe年份復數(shù)，表示“在多少世紀多少年代 eg：The story happened in the 1920s. 這個故事發(fā)生在二十世紀二十年代。3序數(shù)詞前要加the，假如序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞或所有格修飾時，不用加the。 eg：I live on the tenth floor.我住在十層。This is my second time to visit Beijing.這是我第二次參觀北京。4序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞時，表示“又一，再一的

15、意思。 eg：I have tried it three times. Can I try a fourth time？ 我已經(jīng)試了三次。我可以再試第四次嗎？5分數(shù)作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)要根據(jù)分數(shù)后面的名詞來決定，假如名詞是復數(shù)，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，假如是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞那么用單數(shù)形式。eg：Two thirds of the students are boys.三分之二的學生是男生。One fifth of the water is polluted.五分之一的水被污染了。典例精講：一、在以下各題的橫線上填上a, an，the或/注意大小寫1Tom works as _ worker

16、 in the restaurant and he is paid by _ hour. 2France is _ European country. India is _ Asian country. 3Joe is _ honest boy. We all like him. 4. After _dinner, he stayed at home and played _ violin. 5_ book on the desk is _ useful one. 二、單項選擇6This is _ old computer. I want a new one.Aa Ban C/ Dthe 7Whats the date today?Its June _， 2019.Aseventeen Bthe seventeen Cthe seventeenth 8 Does your father go to work by _ car every day?No, he sometimes takes _ bus.Aa; the Bthe; a C不填； a Da; 不填9 _ of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.A