英語語法要遵從一致原則

1、【精品文檔】如有侵權，請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除，僅供學習與交流英語語法要遵從一致原則.精品文檔. 英語語法要遵從一致原則語法一致原則是指句子的主語和謂語在語法形式上一致，即通常情況下，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式依主語的單復數(shù)形式而定， 主語為單數(shù)形式時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式， 主語為復數(shù)形式時謂語動詞也用復數(shù)形式。1、以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式;主語為復數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is

2、 very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意：由what引導的主語從句，后面的謂語動詞多數(shù)情況用單數(shù)形式，但若表語是復數(shù)或what從句是一個帶有復數(shù)意義的并列結構時，主句的謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2、由連接詞and或both a

3、nd連接起來的合成主語后面，要用復數(shù)形式的謂語動詞。如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.注意：(1)若and所連接的兩個詞是指同一個人或物時，它后面的謂語動詞就應用單數(shù)形式。如：The writer and artist has come. (2)由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語前如果分別有no，each，every

4、more than a (an)，many a (an)修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it.3、主語為單數(shù)名詞或代詞，盡管后面跟有with，together with，except，but，like，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than，besides，including等引起的短語，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式;若主語為復數(shù)，謂語用復數(shù)形式。如：Mr. Green, togethe

5、r with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.4、either，neither，each，every 或no +單數(shù)名詞和由some，any，no，every構成的復合不定代詞，都作單數(shù)看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.注意：(1)在口語中當either或neither后跟有“

6、of+復數(shù)名詞(或代詞)”作主語時，其謂語動詞也可用復數(shù)。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. (2)若none of后面的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，它的謂語動詞就要用單數(shù);若它后面的名詞是復數(shù)，它的謂語動詞用單數(shù)或復數(shù)都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.5、在定語從句時，關系代詞that, who, which等作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)應與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only

7、one of my friends who is working hard.6、如果集體名詞指的是整個集體，它的謂語動詞用單數(shù);如果它指集體的成員，其謂語動詞就用復數(shù)形式。這些詞有family，class，crowd，committee，population，audience等。如：Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.注意：people，police，cattle等名詞一般都用作復數(shù)。如：The police are looking for the lost chil

8、d.7、由“a lot of，lots of，plenty of，the rest of，the majority of + 名詞”構成的短語以及由“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+名詞”構成的短語作主語，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.注意：a number of“許多”，作定語修飾復數(shù)名詞，謂語用復數(shù);the number of“的數(shù)量”，主語是number，謂語