定語從句與名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞的辨析PPT課件

1、定語從句與名詞性從句的辨析 結(jié)合已做的練習(xí)來比較StructuresStructures定語從句定語從句名詞性從句名詞性從句n+定從定從n/n.phr/Ss , +定從定從主從：主從：主從主從+V+其他其他 It作形式主語作形式主語賓從：賓從：Vt/prep/adj.+賓從賓從表從：表從：V系系(be)+表從表從同位從：同位從：n+同位從同位從引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose, as關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why連接詞：連接詞：that, whether/if連接代詞：連接代詞：what, which, who,

2、whom, whose, -ever關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why, how, as if/though, because定語從句定語從句名詞性從句名詞性從句兩種從句中兩種從句中都有都有的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較定從定從(限限): 關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指人關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指人/物物 名從名從: 連接詞，不作成分，無含義連接詞，不作成分，無含義 eg. She also claimed that she was hated by other women in the work place that were jealous of her beauty. (45-1

3、) eg. I cant forget the happy time that Ive spent with my classmates and teachers. (華普四華普四)eg. Jack is not the man that he was.定從定從 that 在從句中作主語在從句中作主語 作賓語作賓語 作表語作表語 eg. That the earth is round is true.eg. What kids should keep in mind is that in most cases, your parents can relate to what youre goi

4、ng through because they were teens once. (45-18)eg. Im pleased to learn that you are learning Chinese. (江南十校江南十校)eg. There is no doubt that we benefit much from the Internet. (華普五華普五)名從名從在從句中不作成分在從句中不作成分 which 定從定從(限限): 關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物 (單獨單獨)eg. This was my thanks to her and I handed her an i

5、nspiring smile card which mentioned to spread the kindness. (華普三華普三)eg. Now, I learn that small mistake as it is, it can destroy the whole plan which we work on. (分科綜合卷二分科綜合卷二)兩種從句中兩種從句中都有都有的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較作主語作主語 作賓語作賓語 eg. A team can also score via free throws, which are worth one point. (華普四華普四)

6、eg. We can cook for ourselves, which is very exciting. (周報第二期周報第二期)eg. Do you still remember those books which I bought last week? You can choose which (one/book) you like best. which 定從定從(限限): 關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物 (單獨單獨)名從名從: 連接代詞，作成分連接代詞，作成分(定語定語) (+n) (非限非限):關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指物/句子句子兩種從句中兩種從句

7、中都有都有的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較的兩個引導(dǎo)詞的比較 as 限限: 關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指人關(guān)系代詞，作成分，指人/物物 非限非限: 指代的先行詞為整個句子指代的先行詞為整個句子 eg. He is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with. (總復(fù)習(xí)書總復(fù)習(xí)書P210) eg. He is such a lazy man that nobody wants to work with him. 兩種從句中各自兩種從句中各自特有特有的引導(dǎo)詞的引導(dǎo)詞定從定從狀從狀從作賓語作賓語 不作成分不作成分 非限非限 as which eg. The living st

8、andard of the people in China, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past decades. (總復(fù)習(xí)書總復(fù)習(xí)書P210) eg. The living standard of the people in China has improved over the past decades , as is shown in the report. eg. As is shown in the report, the living standard of the people in China has im

9、proved over the past decades. 位置，先行詞，意義 aswhich位置主句前主句前/ /中中/ /后后主句后主句后先行詞整個句子名詞，名詞短語，整個句子意義“正如正如, , 就像就像”“這這”whether 連接詞，不作成分，連接詞，不作成分，“是否是否” eg. It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (總復(fù)習(xí)書總復(fù)習(xí)書P216) 兩種從句中各自兩種從句中各自特有特有的引導(dǎo)詞的引導(dǎo)詞主從主從 how 連接副詞，作狀語連接副詞，作狀語eg. Mom often ph

10、ones me, asking how I am getting along with my studies. (總復(fù)習(xí)書總復(fù)習(xí)書216)兩種從句中各自兩種從句中各自特有特有的引導(dǎo)詞的引導(dǎo)詞 as if/though 引導(dǎo)表語從句，用陳述或虛擬語氣引導(dǎo)表語從句，用陳述或虛擬語氣eg. You look as if youve had a good time.eg. He looks as if he were from the Mars.兩種從句中各自兩種從句中各自特有特有的引導(dǎo)詞的引導(dǎo)詞as if/though 引導(dǎo)的表從常跟在特定的動詞后，引導(dǎo)的表從常跟在特定的動詞后，如如 seem, a

11、ppear, look, taste, sound, feel等等what 連接代詞，作成分連接代詞，作成分, “什么什么,什么事情什么事情/東西東西” eg. What is acceptable in one country may be considered extremely rude in another. (45-10)兩種從句中各自兩種從句中各自特有特有的引導(dǎo)詞的引導(dǎo)詞eg. After realizing what he had done, the driver didnt stop his car but drove away quickly. (華普三華普三)eg. I a

12、lso found that success is what satisfied me. (華普二華普二) .eg. I have no idea what I should do next.作主語作主語 作賓語作賓語 作主語作主語 作賓語作賓語 名詞性從句中幾組易混引導(dǎo)詞的辨析what that what which why because that what that eg. What kids should keep in mind is that in most cases, your parents can relate to what youre going through bec

13、ause they were teens once. (45-18)連接代詞，作成分連接代詞，作成分, “什么什么,什么事情什么事情/東西東西” 連接詞，不作成分連接詞，不作成分, 無含義無含義 作主語作主語 不做成分不做成分 what which eg. Youll know what side effect the medicine will bring about. (周報周報31)eg. You can choose which one you like best from these books.連接代詞，作連接代詞，作定語定語, +n 無范圍無范圍 連接代詞，作連接代詞，作定語定語

14、, +n 有明確范圍有明確范圍why because eg. I was late for class this morning. Thats because I hadnt caught the earliest bus.引導(dǎo)表語從句表原因引導(dǎo)表語從句表原因連接副詞，不作成分連接副詞，不作成分, “為什么為什么”，+結(jié)果結(jié)果 that 連接副詞，不作成分連接副詞，不作成分, “因為因為”，+原因原因 Reason作主句主語，表語從句引導(dǎo)詞只能用作主句主語，表語從句引導(dǎo)詞只能用that eg. I hadnt caught the earliest bus. Thats why I was l

15、ate for class this morning. eg. The reason why I was late for class this morning is that I didnt caught the earliest bus.原因原因 結(jié)果結(jié)果 結(jié)構(gòu)相同，從句類型結(jié)構(gòu)相同，從句類型與引導(dǎo)詞的選擇與引導(dǎo)詞的選擇1. _ (s) + V1+其他其他+V2+其他其他 _ + V1+其他其他 , S+V2+其他其他As eg. Therefore, what we need to do is recognize and revise our mistakes and learn fro

16、m them. (分科綜合卷二分科綜合卷二)eg. What he did was (to) wave at everyone who passed by. (分科綜合卷三分科綜合卷三)eg. What is important is that as the earth cooled down water began to appear on its surface. (總復(fù)習(xí)總復(fù)習(xí)P216)eg. As is known to us all, Mo Yan is a great writer.非限非限主從主從2. V+ _(從句從句)Vt+賓從賓從 / It +Vi+主從主從 eg. Now

17、, do you know who invented the potato chip? (45-9)eg. Word came that Mr. Obama would make a visit to China.Vi+同位從同位從 賓從賓從同位同位從從eg. It seems that she cant control herself well, just clicking constantly with the mouse. (45-15)3. prep+ _(從句從句)eg. Thank you for what youve said. (歙州學(xué)校歙州學(xué)校10月月考月月考)eg. Hav

18、e you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from whom you received gifts? (2012上海上海)定從定從賓從賓從()()4. n+ _(從句從句)eg. There is no doubt that we benefit much from the Internet. (華普五華普五)eg. So they looked around for a soccer club that/which would be able to do this for them. (45-8)定從定從同位同位從從定從與同位從的區(qū)別定從與同位從的區(qū)別被修飾詞 性質(zhì)上引導(dǎo)詞 定從定從: 名詞名詞,代詞代詞,主句的一主句的一 部分或整部分或整個句子個句子同位從同位從: idea, fact, news等有一定內(nèi)等有一定內(nèi)涵的名詞涵的名詞定從定從: 相當于相當于adj，修飾限定先行詞，修飾限定先行詞同位從同位從:相當于相當于n, 說明或解釋前面的抽說明或解釋前面的抽象性名詞象性名詞定從定從:which 代替先行詞代替先行詞(單獨單獨)同位從同位從:有有