完形填空、閱讀理解技巧講解與練習(xí)試題

1、完形填空基礎(chǔ)建構(gòu)：小學(xué)完形填空主要考察：1.動(dòng)詞的變化;2.詞匯的常用搭配。應(yīng)對(duì)完形填空的考查點(diǎn)基本上相同，應(yīng)對(duì)完形填空的學(xué)習(xí)，我們需要培養(yǎng)：第一，勤于朗讀和背誦，熟讀和熟記常用的表達(dá)-應(yīng)對(duì)詞匯常用搭配的考查；第二，課堂上，注意語法的講授，通過做講義練習(xí)進(jìn)行鞏固-應(yīng)對(duì)動(dòng)詞變化的考查Acan see some desksLi li, look 1 the picture. It 2 ' picture of our classroom. In the picture, you3chairs. 4 the blackboard, you can see two black andwhite

2、 cats. A map is5 the door. Its a 6hap Beijing. Un der the7 desk isa ball, but you cant see it. The girl iisthiy hgatod friend Kate. She is a new stude nt.She is 8English girl. She looks 9 Lucy . But they aren 10 . t()1.A. i nB.at(B.an(B.but()4.A. InB.Of()5. A.atB.in()6.A. ofB.on()7.A. teacherB.teach

3、er()8.A. /B.the()9. A.atB.after()10 .A. boysB.girlsBJim and Tom are 1 .They lookC. toD. onC. theD./C. andD. thereC. AtD. OnC.underD. beh indC. inD. forC. Sachers'D. of teacherC. anD. aC. likeD. the sameC. twi nsD. stude nts2 same.They are 3 . They ' tw elve.They are in No. 14 Middle4 . They

4、' re in the same 5 .But they 6 in thesame room. Jim is in 7301 and T om is in Room 302 .8 classmates all look 9them. Now they are good10)1.A. twin sisterB. twins sistersC. twin brothers D. twi ns brothers()2.A. aB. anC. theD. x()3.A. newB. new stude ntC. a new stude ntD. a new()4.A. school()5.A.

5、class()6. A.is()7.A.room()8.A.He()9.A.at()10.A. frie ndB. SchoolB. ClassB. is n 'tB. RoomB. HisB. likeB. friendsC. schoolsC. classesC. areC. roomsC. TheyC. afterC. stude ntD. SchoolsD. ClassesD. aren 'tD. RoomsD. TheirD. toD. stude ntsI 1 a picture . Its apJctura school.3 the picture you can

6、 see a4 the trees. Theschool and some trees. You can see some boys and girls. They are school is a middle school . Look 5 these two boys. 6 they good friends _7brothers?8is their teacher? Oh, sorry, I910 .()1.A. isB.amC.areD.have()2.A. toB.orC.ofD. and()3.A. I nB.ToC.OnD.At()4.A. i nB.onC.un derD. b

7、ehi nd()5.A. atB. ofC. toD.like()6.A. AmB. IsC. AreD. Be()7.A. butB. ofC. orD.and()8.A. HowB. WhoC. WhatD. Which()9.A. isn t'B. don't C. am notD.aren知識(shí)銜接進(jìn)入初中后，英語完形填空的難度增加了 ，那么同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲱}的時(shí)候一定要注意：1通讀全文，了解文章大意了解文章大意的好處在于對(duì)語篇有一個(gè)整體的了解，可以避免斷章取義，減少解題時(shí)的盲目性。但在迅速瀏覽全文的過程中，切勿望生詞而卻步，恰恰相反，碰到不明白的地方應(yīng) 掠過去，等到填空需要細(xì)

8、讀時(shí)再去理會(huì)2抓住首尾句在閱讀時(shí)要特別注意文章的第一句和最后一句，因?yàn)樗鼈兺ǔＪ俏恼碌闹黝}句，是全文的 中心所在。然后讀一遍選項(xiàng)，知道均有哪些備選項(xiàng)3再讀全文可以邊讀邊用鉛筆試著將選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容填在空白處。這是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵性的分析判斷階段 ，要瞻前顧后，仔細(xì)研究上下文，不能只看空格前后兩個(gè)詞，而是應(yīng)該看完整的句子。這時(shí)，應(yīng)調(diào)動(dòng)你學(xué)過的全部語言知識(shí)，明確題目要考查的是你哪方面知識(shí)的掌握。4. 根據(jù)語言知識(shí)和語法知識(shí)解題完形填空中有相當(dāng)一部分題涉及各種句子結(jié)構(gòu)、基本語法要點(diǎn)、固定搭配以及習(xí)慣用法因此，在解題時(shí)需要運(yùn)用掌握的語言知識(shí)和語法知識(shí)解題。5. 聯(lián)系上下文要學(xué)會(huì)利用上下文中的各種語言線索和已有的語言

9、知識(shí)來選詞，切不可不讀全文，見一空填一詞。如果遇到一時(shí)難以確定的答案可先不填，先去做后面的，或有把握的，待填完其他空白后，再回過頭來做前面的。有時(shí)候，前后空白往往形成相互提示和補(bǔ)充。同時(shí)，還可利用排除法，首先排除不合題意的選項(xiàng)，然后反復(fù)比較剩下的選項(xiàng)，這樣就可以略為簡(jiǎn)單一些。6運(yùn)用背景知識(shí)解題背景知識(shí)在解答填空題時(shí)往往具有重要的輔助作用。有些空格不需要花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間去研究上下文，有些無論從上下文還是從詞匯 、語法著眼都無法找到解題信息 ，而運(yùn)用背景知 識(shí)也許很快能找到答案 。因此，注意背景知識(shí)的運(yùn)用是很有必要的。最后還要利用自己各方面的知識(shí)和語言知識(shí)、歷史知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)等，細(xì)微分析比較，理解中

10、心，全面驗(yàn)證。ATom and Fred were talk ing about the year 2050.“ WhaWill _1_ be like in the year 2050? ”sked Tom."don ' know, said Fred. “ Whado you think?”“ Wein。one knows. But it is 2 to_guess, ” said Tom. " Ithe year 2050 everybody will 3 a pocketcomputer. The computer will give people the

11、_4 to all their problems. We shall all have teleph ones in our pockets, _5_. Andwe' ble able to talk to our friends all over the world. Perhaps w e' ble able to _6_ them at the same time. Machines will do _7_ of the work, and people will have more _8_. Perhaps they will work only two or thre

12、e da ys a week. They will be able to fly to the moon by spaceship and spend their h olidays there. ”"nm very _9_ to hear that. I hope to fly to the moon. And I hope10_, said Fred .“ Won that be interesting? Just like afish.)1. A. the traffic B. a factory C. the world D. our home)2.A. pleasedB.

13、no useC. in terest ingD. unu sual)3.A. bringB. giveC.sendD. carry)4.A. waysB. thingsC. an swersD. n ews)5.A. aga inB. tooC. alsoD. either)6.A. seeB. lookC. liste nD. call)7.A. manyB. lotC. everyD. most)8.A. dutyB. holidaysC. timesD. work)9.A. gladB. sureC. afraidD. sorry()10.A. in the seaB. on land

14、C. on the mountain D. un der the groundI ' be able to live1-5 : CCDCB6-10 : ADBAAThe Turners1 America. They are now 2 Beiji ng. This is their first visit toChina. They are going to stay in China3_ three mon ths. They want to visit some bigcities and villages. They hope to lear n4_ Chinese , too.

15、Mr tur ner is a driver. He 5to drive in Beiji ng . Mrs Turner is a school teacher.She 6 a city school and a village school.daughter is a middle school stude nt.She meets some Chin ese stude nts.WhenThey 8 a lot of pictures in China . they are back in America, they _9show the pictures to their frien

16、ds. They want10to know more about China.)5.A. likeB. likesC. wantD. is wanting)6.A. visitB. visit ingC. is visit ingD. are visit ing)7.A. HisB. HerC. YourD. Their)8.A. bringB. giveC. takeD. like)9.A. go toB. is going toC. going toD. are going to)10.A. AmericanB. the America n peopleC. Americas D. a

17、America()1.A.is fromB. are fromC. come toD. comes from()2.A. ofB. atC. onD. in()3.A. inB. onC. forD. from()4.A. someB. manyC. littleD. noLi Lei is a middle school stude nt. He is a good boy. Uncle Wu lives1 him. Un cle Wus school.has 2childre n and he can' t se3e works in the factory n ear Li Le

18、iHe goes to work at 7:30 in the morning and4 home at 4:30 in the after noon .Li Leigoes to school at 8:00 in the morning and comes home at the5 time as Uncle Wuin the after noon. 6 weekdays Li Lei gets up early to take Uncle Wu7 the factory.After school he takes Uncle Wu home. On Su ndays Li Lei hel

19、ps Uncle Wu8 theLi Lei is a goodhouse and do some 9 .Uncle Wu tha nks Li Lei very much. He says,boy. He10 my son.()1.A. n ext toB. n extC. nearlyD.besides()2.A. notB. not oneC. noD. nobody()3.A. someth ingB. anythingC. nothingD. every()4.A. goesB. comeC. comingD.goes to()5.A. sameB. someC. differe n

20、t D.differe nces()6.A. InB. OnC. AtD. Of()7.A. awayB. fromC. toD. with()8.A. cleansB. clea ningC. clea nning D.clea n()9.A. cookersB. cook ingC. cookD. cooks()10.A. looksB. look likeC. likesD. is like第三講：閱讀理解英語閱讀試題的技巧與方法一、閱讀信息文中找。小學(xué)階段的閱讀試題答案，基本都能在所給的閱讀文中找到所需信息。學(xué)生只需帶著問題或關(guān)鍵詞以尋讀的方式，快速在文章中尋找所需信息，切記不可任憑自

21、己的想象，隨心所欲的回答。如一道閱讀填空：Tim and his friendin the sea.沒有通過尋找關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中尋找的方式，而是根據(jù)自己的猜測(cè)寫出 play.二、尋找信息的順序性。一篇閱讀文章之后的若干試題，通常依據(jù)自上而下的順序出題。（當(dāng)然也有個(gè)別例 外）第一道題所需信息通常在文中的首段，學(xué)生只需在文章的第一部分尋找，第二題的信息，則無需從文章的開始瀏覽，只要從第一個(gè)信息之后尋讀即可，后面的題依次往下尋找。最后一道題的信息，基本在文章的末段。了解了尋找信息的順序性，學(xué)生無需花費(fèi)較 多的時(shí)間一遍又一遍通讀全文，增加信息量，干擾閱讀理解，影響做題速度。三、如何快速尋找所需信息在那

22、到一篇閱讀試題時(shí)，大部分學(xué)生首先會(huì)不自覺地通讀全文，甚至因思考文中的生詞而花費(fèi)較多的時(shí)間，然后再回到試題時(shí)，頭腦中關(guān)于文章的信息已所剩無幾。正確的方法是，首先仔細(xì)閱讀試題，圈出試題中的關(guān)鍵詞。如何識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞，需要老師在平時(shí)的閱 讀教學(xué)中指導(dǎo)、判斷。比如：am, is, are , do, did, can, to, of等虛詞通常不可能是關(guān)鍵詞，而名詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞通常為關(guān)鍵詞。對(duì)于閱讀文中的問答題，方法基本相同。首先找 出問題中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后帶著關(guān)鍵詞在文章中尋找答案。四、判斷正誤。對(duì)于閱讀試題中的判斷正誤題，相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單，但學(xué)生的出錯(cuò)率仍然較大，究其原因，學(xué)生不懂判斷的方法，通常是讀完試題之

23、后，憑著自己對(duì)閱讀文章的大致印象判斷。事實(shí)上判斷試題與選擇、填空的做題方法基本一致，仍需找出試題中的關(guān)鍵詞，帶著關(guān)鍵 詞，在文中尋找所需信息，然后仔細(xì)判斷是否與文中信息一致，如一致則正確，反之錯(cuò)誤。練習(xí)：Look a t that boy. His name is Liu Bing. Hea Chinese boy.'Hesis in the kitchen. Helikes apples. Su Yang is at home too. She is in the study. She likes draw in g. Is Gao Shan at home? No, he is i

24、n the park. He is thirsty. He wants to drink some juice. Miss Li is in the office. She is read ing.快速判斷：（正確的寫T,錯(cuò)誤的寫S）（）1.Liu Bing is in the kitche n .()2.Liu Bing likes eating pears.()3.Su Yang isn ' t in the study .()4.Gao Shan is thirsty and he wants to drink.()5.Miss Li is drawing .Tom is my

25、classmate. He is from London in England. But he likes China very much.Now he is in Beijing. He is a little fat. He has a round face and big blue eyes. His hair isnot black but yellow. His nose ,mouth and ears are ball big. He likes blue. He likesweari ng a blue T-shirt and blue jea ns. Look at his h

26、and. He has a football in it. We ofte nplay football after class.閱讀短文，判斷句子正(T)誤(F)。()1.Tom is an En glish boy.()2.Tom ' s hair and eyes are blue.()3.The boy with big eyes, big ears ,abig nose and a big mouth is LiuTao.()4.Tom likes basketball.()5. Tom ' s favourite colour is blue.AA mother a

27、nd her young son get into a bus in a small city and sit dow n. The bus conductor comes to them for their money. The mother says:"want one ticket ( 票 )to the zoo ” and gives him one yua n. The con ductor looks at the small boy for a few seconds and then says to him, “ Hovold are you ,young man?

28、” The mother begins to speak, but the con ductor stops her, The boy says:" I fomr at home, and two in the buses. Atlast the mother has to take fifty fen out of her pocket and gives it to the con ductor.1. Why does the con ductor look at the small boy for a few sec on ds?A. She likes himB. She t

29、hinks the boy need to buy a half-price ticketC. She knows the small boy.D. She saw the boy somewhere2. Why does the con ductor stop the mother and let the boy say?A. The boy ' words are interestingB. The mother is a bad motherC. The small boy can tell the truthD. She loves the small boy3. At las

30、t the motherA. buys ano ther ticketB. buys a half-price ticket for the boyC. says sorry to the con ductorD. gives one yua n to the con ductor4. What does the word“ con ductor ” mean?A. 司機(jī)B.售票員C.乘客D.警察5. From the story we can seeA. every boy must buy a ticket in the busB. when a child is four, he mus

31、t buy a ticketC. sometimes a child is more honest（誠(chéng)實(shí)）than his parentsD. woma n are not good mothersBCome and see the In dia elepha nts and the new tigers from Amercia. The bears are wa iting to meet you, and the mon keys from Chi na are wait ing to throw（扔） things to you. The lovely dogs from Austra

32、lia are waiting to laugh at you. The giraffes from Brazil are waiting to look down on you.TicketsOpen timeGrown-up:（成人）$2.009:00a.m 4:00p.mChildren :over 12 $1.00Except（除）FridayUnder12 Free（免票）10:00a.m 3:00p.mKeep the zoo clea n!Don ' tuch , give good food or go near the animals!1. How many kind

33、s of ani mals are talked about in the passage?A. four B.five C.six D.seve n2. Now Mr Smith is in the zoo with his two sons,one is14 and the other is is 10 .Howmuch are the tickets together（ 總共）?A. $4.00 B.$2.00 C.$3.00 D.$10.003. Which of the following is the visiting time?A.8:30am Mon day B.9:30am

34、FridayC.3:00m Sun day D.5:00pm Tuesday4. From the passage we can guess the animal“ giraffe" musbe veryA.fat B.long C.strong D.tall5. Which of the follow ing can we do in the zoo?A. to give some food to the fishB.to touch the mon key on the headC.to throw things everywhereD.to keep the zoo clea

35、nCTom likes fish very much. He often buys some fish in the shop and takes it home. But when his wife sees the fish, she says to herself,“ Good I can ask my friends to have lunch, and we can eat the fish. They like fish very much."is very稱( 公So when Tom comes home in the evening, the fish is not

36、 there and his wife always says, “ Oh,yourcat eats it ” And she gives Tom some bread for his supper. Toman gry. He takes the cat and his wife to the shop n ear his house and weighs( 重 )the cat. Then he tur ns to his wife and says,“ Myfish weigh one kilo斤) . This cat weighs one, too. My fish is here,

37、 you see, then where is mycat?1. ( )eats the fish.A.Mr T om B.Mrs Tom C.The cat D.His fiends2. What does Mrs T om do with the fish?A. She eats the fish before Tom comes backB. She asks her friends to come to eat the fish with herC. She puts the fish in the fridge(冰箱)and waits for her husbandD. She c

38、ooks the fish for T om3. Mr Tom weighs ( ) in the shop with his wife.A.the fish B.the cat C.his wife D.his friend4. How much fish does Tom ofte n buy?A.one kilo B.two kilo C.three kilo D.four kilo5. Tom likes ( )very much.A.cat B.his wife C.fish D.his frie ndsDA crow(烏鴉wants to drink, but he can 

39、9; find water. He looks here and there. At last he cries ,"lan see a jar (罐 子) and there is some water in it. Hetries圖） to get the water, but he can' t. “ Howcan I get the water? ” he cries,"Can put mybreak（鳥嘴）quite close（靠近）to it. BUt still he can notdrink. “ Whacan I do? I want to dr

40、ink. ”He looks here and there, the n he picks up a small stone （石頭）in his break and carries it to the jar of water and drops it into the jar.“ Sooithe waterwill be high in the jar, and I can drink, says the crow.So he begi ns to do that un til the water is high eno ugh to drink.1. What is the crow l

41、ooki ng for?A. A jar B. Water C. Food D. Meat2. Why doesn 'hedrink right now（馬上）？A. He isn very thirsty.B. No water in the jar.C. He doesn 'want to drink it.D. The waterisn high.3. What ' the English meaning （意思）for “ drop ”？A. put Tn to B. take to -C. carry to -D. put on 4. Why does he pick up the stone?A. He is hun gry.B. He wants to put