高一英語英語必修3Unit1語法情態(tài)動詞課件

1、2022-4-141Modal Verbs Modal Verbs Unit 1Unit 12022-4-142情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的某種情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的某種感情或語氣，對某一動作感情或語氣，對某一動作或狀態(tài)的某種態(tài)度?；驙顟B(tài)的某種態(tài)度。表示表示“需要、可以、需要、可以、必須、應(yīng)當必須、應(yīng)當”等。等。 什么是情態(tài)動詞？什么是情態(tài)動詞？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)can/could, may/might, must/ have to, shall/should (ought to), will/would need, dare/dared2022-4-143 情態(tài)動詞

2、的特點：情態(tài)動詞的特點：1.情態(tài)動詞自身都有一定的意義，情態(tài)動詞自身都有一定的意義，但不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的但不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計某事發(fā)生。事情，只表示期待或估計某事發(fā)生。2.情態(tài)動詞除情態(tài)動詞除ought和和have外，后外，后面必須接不帶面必須接不帶to的不定式。的不定式。3.情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,也沒有非謂語形式。也沒有非謂語形式。2022-4-144 1. can的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. 表能力表能力 eg. The girl can dance very well. be able to 通過努力做成某事通

3、過努力做成某事 He was able to reach Mount Qomolangma in 2000. B. 表示說話者的推測表示說話者的推測事物的可能性事物的可能性:(否、疑）否、疑） eg. Can the news be true? C. 在口語中在口語中, can可以表示請求或允許可以表示請求或允許： eg. Can I sit here? 1. can和和could2022-4-1452. could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. could 是是can的過去式的過去式, 表示與過去表示與過去 有關(guān)的能力有關(guān)的能力和推測和推測: We all knew that the y

4、oung man couldnt be a doctor. B. could可以代替可以代替can表示請求表示請求, 但語氣較但語氣較can客氣、客氣、委婉委婉:could 提問，答語用提問，答語用can -Could I borrow your pen?-yes, you can.2022-4-146may 常用來表示：常用來表示： 1. 在正式文體中表示請求、允許（在正式文體中表示請求、允許（比比can正式）正式）：: eg. May I come in ? You may go now. 2. 表示說話人的猜測表示說話人的猜測: “也許也許” “可能可能”: 通常只通常只用于肯定句和否定

5、句中。用于肯定句和否定句中。The guest may arrive this afternoon.-Can he attend the meeting?-Yes, he_. I am not sure.2.may和和mightmay2022-4-1473. 表示祝愿表示祝愿,位于句首位于句首 eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 4. may as well=had better do (最好做某事）最好做某事） Youd better take notes carefully. You may as well take note

6、s carefully. 2022-4-1483.will和和wouldwill是助動詞是助動詞還還是情態(tài)動詞？是情態(tài)動詞？ will用于構(gòu)成將來時是助動詞。用于構(gòu)成將來時是助動詞。 eg. I will tell you something important. 我要告訴你一件重要的事情。我要告訴你一件重要的事情。 情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞：1.表意愿或意志表意愿或意志 I will never do it again. If you will marry me, whatever I have is yours, and mines is yours.2022-4-149 2.提出提出 請求或建

7、議請求或建議 ,在疑問句中用于第二人稱。在疑問句中用于第二人稱。 eg: If you want help, let me know, will you? Will you type this, please? 祈使句問句與答語一般用祈使句問句與答語一般用will Open the door, will you? - Please come to my party. - Yes, I will3. 表習(xí)慣或必然結(jié)果表習(xí)慣或必然結(jié)果 Fish will die without water. I will go to see my former classmates on weekends. 20

8、22-4-1410would & used to (過去常常，習(xí)慣于）過去常常，習(xí)慣于）would 現(xiàn)在有可能做，也有可能不做現(xiàn)在有可能做，也有可能不做used to 現(xiàn)在一定沒有做現(xiàn)在一定沒有做There used to be a big tree.I would go to the library when I was free.I _ to cry when I was a child.used to2022-4-14114.shall和和should shall 用法用法 1. shall表征求意見，用于一三人稱表征求意見，用于一三人稱 疑問句中疑問句中 Shall we go

9、 by train, Mom? Shall he attend the meeting?2.用于二用于二 三人稱三人稱 的陳述句中，表威脅警告命令允諾等語的陳述句中，表威脅警告命令允諾等語氣氣 You shall get a present when I came back. You shall be punished if you break the rules.2022-4-1412should 用法用法 應(yīng)該應(yīng)該=ought to You should study hard. 2. 表萬一，多位于句首。表萬一，多位于句首。 Should he come, I would let you

10、know. 3. “居然居然”，“竟然竟然”,表說話人意料之外。表說話人意料之外。 針對現(xiàn)在針對現(xiàn)在- + V原原 針對過去針對過去- should have done To my surprise, he should be a thief.1. He should have lied to me yesterday.2022-4-14135.must的主要用法的主要用法1. 必須。必須。must表主觀表主觀“必須必須” have to 表客觀表客觀“不得不不得不” I must go home this Saturday. Ive got a cold, so I have to see

11、a doctor. -Must I stay here? -Yes, you must./ No, you neednt./you dont have to.mustnt 表禁止，不準，一定不要。表禁止，不準，一定不要。 You mustnt play with fire. You mustnt take drugs. 2022-4-14142. 表表“偏要偏要”“”“偏偏偏偏”，違背說話人意愿。，違背說話人意愿。 Must you talk in class? -How much do you earn? -Ill tell you if you must know it. 3. 一定，肯定

12、一定，肯定 He must be crazy. He must have stayed up last night.4. 表推測的反應(yīng)，反義疑問句中不能出現(xiàn)表推測的反應(yīng)，反義疑問句中不能出現(xiàn)must的的形式，反義形式取決于句中時態(tài)形式，反義形式取決于句中時態(tài)2022-4-14151.He must be my English teacher,2. He must have finished his homework,3. It must have rained yesterday,isnt he?hasnt he?didnt it?2022-4-1416表示推測表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法情態(tài)動

13、詞的重要用法肯定的推測肯定的推測可能的推測可能的推測否定的推測否定的推測疑問的推測疑問的推測must 對將來對將來 對現(xiàn)在對現(xiàn)在 對過去對過去情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞may, might cant, couldntcan, could + V. + V. + have done常見常見must be + be doing + V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不” +V. + V. + have done + be doing+ V. + V. + have done + be doing2022-4-1417Practice :表示推

14、測表示推測情態(tài)動詞的重要用法情態(tài)動詞的重要用法1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you here.2. He must have known what we wanted.3. We may have read the same report.4. He cant have slept through all that noise.5. Theres someone outside-who can it be?6. What can they be doing?7. These pills might help to cure your

15、disease.8. You could be right, I suppose.2022-4-1418 1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 這時這時, 我們老師想必在批改試卷。我們老師想必在批改試卷。 3. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你媽媽一定一直在找你。你媽媽一定一直在找你。5. Mike _ his car, for he

16、came to work by bus this morning.邁克一定還沒有找回他的車邁克一定還沒有找回他的車, 因為早上他是因為早上他是 坐公共汽車來上班的。坐公共汽車來上班的。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been lookingPractice 2: Fill in the blanks. cant have found2022-4-1419need & dare (dared)情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 ：need/dare do sthneed/dare not do sth 實意動詞：實意動詞： need/dare to

17、do sthdont/doesnt/didnt dare to do sth（無單三形式）（無單三形式）2022-4-14201.Being afraid of making mistakes ,he _ answer his teachers question A. doesnt dare B. doesnt dare to C. darent to D. not dare to 2.Having failed the exam. The little boy _go home and face his mom. A. dares not to B. dares not C. dare no

18、t to D. dare not 2022-4-1421情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done should/ought to have doneshouldnt have donemust have donecant/couldnt have donecould have doneneed have doneneednt have done(針對過去）針對過去）2022-4-1422 1 Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (2

19、004 上海）上海） A. must B. may C. can D. need2022-4-14232 Some aspects of a pilots job_ be boring, and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours. （2006 湖南）湖南） A. can；have to B. may；can C. have to; may D. ought to; must 2022-4-14243The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my u

20、mbrella with me. (2006 江西）江西） A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustnt have taken2022-4-14254 Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. （2007 全國全國I） A. will B. would C. should D. must 2022-4-14265 I told your friend how

21、 to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. （2007 陜西）陜西） A. could B. must C. might D. should2022-4-14277. (10湖南湖南23) You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to8. (10江西江西23) I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A. Must B. Can C

22、. May D. Will DA2022-4-14289. Its the office! So you _ know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry. (2009湖南卷湖南卷) A. must B. will C. may D. need10. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _ be twelve. (2009 全國卷全國卷I) A. should B. would C. will D. shallAA2022-4-142911. I cant leave. She told

23、 me that I _ stay here until she comes back. (2009 全國卷全國卷II) A. can B. must C. will D. may12. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, _? (2009 陜西卷陜西卷) A. is he B. isnt he C. must he D. mustnt heBB2022-4-143013. - Will you go skating with me this winter vacation? - It _ . (2002上海上海) A. all depended B. all depends C. is all depended D. is all depending解析解析: : 答案答案B B。It all depends 是是“不確定不確定”、“看情況看情況”的意思。的意思。B2022-4-1431根據(jù)漢語完成句