大學(xué)英語外報閱讀復(fù)習(xí)lesson 9

1、Five Myths about the American DreamLesson Nine共五十一頁Word supplementperiodical n期刊pipeline n匿名消息來源popular paper 大眾化報紙；通俗(tn s)報紙press n報界；新聞界press conference 新聞發(fā)布會;記者招待會press law 新聞法press release 新聞公告;新聞簡報PR man 公關(guān)先生profile n. 人物專訪；人物特寫proofreader n校對員pseudo event 假新聞共五十一頁quality paper 高級報紙；嚴(yán)肅報紙quarte

2、rly n季刊readability n可讀性readers interest 讀者興趣reject vt退棄(稿件)remuneration n. 稿費(fèi);稿酬reporter n記者rewrite vt. 改寫(稿件)，改稿(i o)round-up n綜合消息共五十一頁Background Information共五十一頁American Dream共五十一頁Do you have a dream?Do you think you can realize it? How? 共五十一頁What is American Dream?共五十一頁Is freedom?共五十一頁Equality?共

3、五十一頁Individualism?共五十一頁Ordemocracy?共五十一頁Origin : The term American dream was first set by James Truslow Adams in his book The Epic of America which was written in 1931. 美國夢一詞最早是由詹姆斯.特拉斯洛亞當(dāng)斯在他1931年的著作(zhzu)美國史詩中提出的. The idea of American Dream is rooted in the United States Declaration of Independence

4、.共五十一頁Definition:Democracy（民主）, liberty（自由(zyu)）equality（平等） Pursuit of fortune and wealth a central part of American Dream : If you work hard ,you can make a lot of money people have to work through their own hard work, courage, creativity and determination to move towards prosperity, rather than r

5、ely on specific social classes and other assistance. 共五十一頁Six Basic Beliefs:individual freedom self-relianceequality of opportunitycompetitionmaterial wealth hard work共五十一頁Causes of Formation:The Discovery of North AmericaNew land Settlers & ImmigrantsPuritans Mayflower 共五十一頁History & Development:Th

6、e meaning of the American Dream has changed over the course of history, and includes both personal components (such as home ownership and upward mobility) and a global vision. Historically the Dream originated in the mystique regarding frontier life.Golden Age(19th century)Early IndustrializationLat

7、e IndustrializationContemporary共五十一頁Golden Age(19th century)In 1848, James W. Marshall found gold in California and people began having golden dreams. That 19th century American Dream motivated the Gold Rush and gave California its nickname of the Golden State. 共五十一頁Early Industrialization:The ubiqu

8、itous(普遍存在的) “rags to riches” legend became a cornerstone（基礎(chǔ)(jch)，基石） of American society; Anyone could succeed and achieve wealth if they worked hard . .共五十一頁Late Industrialization:Work values changed dramatically when the assembly line（流水線） production and machine driven atmosphere of industrial Am

9、erica swallowed up skilled workers .The aftermath（后果(hugu)） of World War II exacerbated（加重，使惡化） the ethical shift as a consumer culture blossomed and Americans became preoccupied with（沉迷于） material goods.共五十一頁Contemporary:To do what they wantTo own a home or rise out of poverty. To serve God, countr

10、y, or community. To want to learn to read or run their own business.To exercise fundamental American rights: to openly practice their religion and to speak what is in their minds and hearts.共五十一頁Representatives of different times1.Benjamin Franklin the founder of America, the forefather2.Abraham Lin

11、coln the 16th President3.Marin Luther King-I Have A Dream4.Obama the first US black president5.Steve Jobs-self-made man 共五十一頁Benjamin Franklin he was a major figure in the American EnlightenmentThe declaration of independenceConstitution of the United States共五十一頁Abraham Lincolnabolishing slaverythe

12、American Civil Warpreserving the Unionstrengthening the national government modernizing the economy共五十一頁Martin Luther King, Jr.Leader in the African-American Civil Rights MovementHe is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedienceKing received the Nob

13、el Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolenceone of the greatest orators in American history I Have a Dream speech共五十一頁I Have A Dream共五十一頁Obama-From slave to presidentBlack American Defeated Republican nominee John McCain in the general election, and was inaugurated as president

14、 on January 20, 2009Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureateHe was re-elected president in November 2012, defeating Republican nominee Mitt RomneyObama was rated as the most respected world leader, as well as the most powerful.共五十一頁Steve Jobs Mr. Jobs, the adopted son of a family in Palo

15、Alto, Calif.,A college dropout, he established his reputation early on as a tech innovator when at 21 years old, he and friend Steve Wozniak founded Apple Computer Inc. in the Jobs family garage in 1976. Mr. Jobs chose the name, in part, because he was a Beatles fan and admired the groups Apple reco

16、rds label, according to the book Apple: The Inside Story of Intrigue, Egomania, and Business Blunders by Wall Street Journal reporter Jim Carlton.共五十一頁American Dreams in LiteratureForrest Gump 阿甘正傳Sister Carrier 嘉里妹妹(mi mei)The Death of a Salesman一個推銷員之死Great Gatsby 了不起的蓋茨比共五十一頁From American Dreams

17、to Chinese Dreams共五十一頁P(yáng)ut forward the Chinese DreamPeoples Republic of China the aspiration of individual self-improvemenin Chinese society共五十一頁Chinese Dreamsimilar to the idea of American Dream. the importance entrepreneurial spirit （創(chuàng)業(yè)精神）It also glorifies a generation of self-made（白手起家） men and wo

18、men in post-reform（后改革時代） China. collective consciousness (集體(jt)意識）.共五十一頁Chinese Youths Dream共五十一頁What is your Chinese dream?共五十一頁What are the common Chinese peoples Chinese dreams?A big houseA big fortuneA harmonious familyA happy marriageTraveling around the world共五十一頁The Difference between Ameri

19、can Dream and Chinese Dream& 共五十一頁Different Style共五十一頁Different GoalAmerican Dream: life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement regardless ofsocial class or circumstances of birth.Chinese Dream: In May 2013 Xi called upon yo

20、ung people to dare to dream, work assiduously to fulfill the dreams and contribute to the revitalization of the nation. He called upon all levels of the Party and the government to facilitate favorable conditions for their career development. Xi told young people to cherish the glorious youth, striv

21、e with pioneer spirit and contribute their wisdom and energy to the realization of the Chinese dream.共五十一頁From the perspective of gaining wealthAmerican Dream:The dream seeks for personal wealthChinese Dream: The dream wants to achieve the prosperity of the whole country 共五十一頁Who can participate in

22、the process of achieving the dream?American Dream: This dream can make use of other national talent resources to achieve Chinese Dream :This dream must be realized by the Chinese themselves 共五十一頁 Who is the final Beneficiary?American Dream :It emphasizes on the personal freedom and pleasureChinese D

23、ream :It longs to make the whole country feel harmonious and happy共五十一頁The last key point of the differencesAmerican Dream: The strong belief that if you want to get something ,you need to work hard for it .Chinese Dream :If you want to realize your dream, in fact ,working hard does not mean that yo

24、u will be succesful, because of the cruel reality of the society.共五十一頁Text-Language PointsPart 11.material comfort is not necessarily synonymous with Bill Gates-like riches.being rich enough may be not so wealthy as the richest figures in the world like Bill Gates and etc.物質(zhì)享受并不等同于像比爾. 蓋茨那樣(nyng)的人一

25、樣富有2. A fat bank account can be a means to these ends.With a large amount of money in the bank account, it is possible for people to acheive these aims.fat-thick and heavily-loaded, here referring to containing a large amount of money 銀行里有大筆存款可以實(shí)現(xiàn)一些目標(biāo)共五十一頁P(yáng)art 2special interests-special interest gro

26、ups in general, or a group of people who have particular demands and who try to influence political decision making process by lobbing and contributing.特殊(tsh)利益集團(tuán)共五十一頁P(yáng)art 5the last sent.Although they may be worried abour the future of their offspring, they can still challenge all the difficulities

27、 and make their dream come true.雖為后人擔(dān)憂，仍力克困難(kn nn)實(shí)現(xiàn)美夢against the odds: in spite of all the barriers共五十一頁Questions1. What is the core of American dream?The core of American dream is no longer getting rich only. More and more Americans choose a good life for family and financial security as their ut

28、most Ameican dream. Freedom, opportunity and the pursuit of happiness are still core part of their American dream, while wealth has become only a means to realize their dream rather than their ultimate goal.共五十一頁2. Is the American dream American?American dream had already existed before 1931 and sus

29、tained today with more and more immigrants who came to America seeking to realize their American dream. American dream nowadays is not only for Ameircan, but a symbol of approach to success and the pursuit of happiness to everyone who has a dream.3. Ameircan Dream fits perfectly into human nature, e

30、.g. humans all want food and shelter, better ones too. This is why so many immigrants go to the U.S. to have their dreams fulfilled.共五十一頁4.Although owning real estate is important, to some Americans, it is not as important as people are led to believe. To some Americans, the mortgage loan they take

31、is far beyond their real value of the property, making them much pressured with bank account deficit, to whom a good job, the pursuit of happiness and freedom are much closer. Those who benefit a lot from housing boost are those special interest groups rather than most Americans.共五十一頁5. No, I dont t

32、hink so. Although many Americans chose China as the country to represent future as US economy has suffered severely, China wont be a threat to the American dream with the following reasons:a. China is not the only country who holds large part of US debts, Japan, Britain and other country also hold U

33、S debts. Neither of these countries should be blamed for Americas financial recession, instead, American itself take the blame for the current financial situation.b. Although China is rising both economically and politically, the United States owns unparalleled advantage in low-carbon energy research and educaiton syste