2021專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)第一次作業(yè)(要)

1、 4/42021專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)第一次作業(yè)(要) 湖南文理學(xué)院學(xué)院2017-2018學(xué)年度第一次作業(yè) 考核課程：計(jì)算機(jī)專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ) 學(xué)生所在院系：年級(jí)： 姓名：班級(jí)：學(xué)號(hào)： 一、Give out the full names for the following abbreviations(寫(xiě)出下列縮寫(xiě)詞的全稱(chēng))（20%） PROM_ CPU_ ALU_ IT_ _ RAM_ PNP_ OS_ HTML_ TCP_ 二、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in t

2、he right column(將 )（10%） 1. memory unit a. 半導(dǎo)體存儲(chǔ)器 2. high density b. 異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò) 3. semiconductor memory c.客戶端服務(wù)器 4. data definition language d. 數(shù)據(jù)定義語(yǔ)言 5. heterogeneous networks e. 高密度 6. machine language f. 機(jī)器語(yǔ)言 7.embedded system g. 遠(yuǎn)程教育 8. distance education h. 嵌入式系統(tǒng) 9. client-server i. 存儲(chǔ)單元 10.batch sys

3、tems j. 批處理系統(tǒng) 1. （ ） 6. （ ） 2. （ ） 7. （ ） 3. （ ） 8. （ ） 4. （ ） 9. （ ） 5. （ ） 10.（ ） 三、Translate the following phrases into English(將下列短語(yǔ)翻譯成英 語(yǔ))（20%） 1. 晶體管 ( ) 2. 電阻 ( ) 3. 導(dǎo)線 ( ) 4. 數(shù)據(jù)流 ( ) 5. 分立元件 ( ) 6. 年復(fù)一年 ( ) 7. 計(jì)算機(jī)體系結(jié)構(gòu)( ) 8. 可移植性 ( ) 9. 高效性 ( ) 10. 分布式網(wǎng)絡(luò) ( ) 11. 堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ) ( ) 12. 電子商務(wù) ( ) 13. 資源分

4、配 ( ) 14. 匯編程序 ( ) 15. 裝入程序 ( ) 16. 編譯程序 ( ) 17.多道程序設(shè)計(jì) ( ) 18.啟動(dòng) ( ) 19.高速緩存 ( ) 20.集成電路 ( ) 四.Reading comprehension(閱讀理解)(30%) (一) Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below, and change the form where necessary (從下面所列詞語(yǔ)中選擇合適的詞語(yǔ), 以其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?(15%) high-level langua

5、ge assembly language written machine language notation A programming language, designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers, is a _ for describing computation in readable form. There are 3 levels of programming languages, they are _, which can be run directly by computer; _an

6、d_. There are different high-level programming languages. Fortunately, most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be_ . Therefore, first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job. Passage A Th

7、e central processing unit (CUP) is the heart of the computer systems. Among other things, its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers. The CPU is the most complex computer system component, responsible for directing most of the computer system activ

8、ities based on the instructions provided. As one computer generation has evolved to the next, the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller, which its speed and capacity have increased tremendously. Indeed, these changes have resulted in micro-Computers that are small enough to f

9、it on your desk and your lap. The CPU comprise the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit (ALU). The control unit is responsible for directing and coordinating most of the computer systems activities. It determines the movement of electronic signals between main memory and the arithmetic/logic u

10、nit, as well as the control signals between the CPU and input/output devices. The ALU performs all the arithmetic and logical(comparison) functionsthat is, it adds, subtracts, multiplies, divides, and does comparison. These comparisons, which are basically “l(fā)ess than”, “greater than”, and “equal to”

11、, can be combined into several common expressions, such as “greater than or equal to”. The objective of most instructions that use comparisons is to determine which instruction should be executed next. (二) Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passage A(根據(jù)上文的

12、內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正誤)(15%) 1. With the development of computer, the physical size of the CPU has often become bigger and bigger. ( ) 2. The movement of electronic signals between main memory and the ALU as well as the control signal between the CPU and input/output devices are controlled by the control unit

13、of the CPU. ( ) 3. The CPU comprises the control unit and memory. ( ) 4. The control unit performs all the arithmetic and logical functions. ( ) 5. The central processing unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer systems. ( ) 五.traslate the following paragraphs into Chinese.(翻譯)(20%) 1. Java originate

14、d as part of a research project to develop advanced software for a wide variety of network devices and embedded systems. The goal was to develop a small, reliable, portable, distributed, real-time operating platform. When the project started, C+ was the language of choice. But over time the difficul

15、ties encountered with C+ grew to the point where the problems could best be addressed by creating an entirely new language platform. Design an architecture decisions drew from a variety of language such as Eiffel, SmallTalk, Objective, C, and Cedar/Mesa. The result is a language platform that has pr

16、oven ideal for developing secure, distributed, network based end-user applications in environments ranging from network-embedded devices to the World-Wide-Web an the desktop. 2. CD-ROM Introduced in 1980, the extraordinarily successful CD, or compact disk, is an optical laser disk designed to enhance the recorded reproduction of music. To make a CD recording, the analog sounds of music are translated into their digital equivalents and stored on a 4.72-inch optical laser disk. Seventy-four minutes of music can be recorded on each disk in digital format by 2 billion digital bits. With its treme