英語句子成分英語句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)講解練習

1、英語句子成分和英語句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習一、句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)（5種）1、主語+謂語（s+v）2、主語+系動詞+表語（s+l+p）3、主語+謂語+賓語（s+v+o）4、主語+謂語+間接賓語（指人）+直接賓語（指物）(s+v+io+do)5、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語（s+v+o+c）二、句子成分：（主語、謂語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、賓補、同位語、參與語）主語（subject）：句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast（）Helikesdancing.（）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.()Seeingisbelieving.（）Toseei

2、stobelieve（.）Whatheneedsisabook（.）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（）(一）指出以下句中主語的中心詞Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisverydifficult.謂語（predicate）

3、：是對主語加以陳述，表示主語的行為或狀態(tài)，常用動詞也許動詞詞組擔當，放在主語的后邊。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.(二).選出句中謂語的中心詞D.wallD.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.D.afternoonD.breakfast表（predicative）：系此后的成分，表示主的性、狀和特色。Heisateacher.（）Seventy-four!Youdontitlook.（）Fiveandfiveisten.（）Heisasleep.（）Hisfatherisin.（）Thepictureisont

4、hewall.()Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（）（常的系有:be,sound（聽起來）,look（看起來）,feel(摸起來，smell（起來）,taste（、吃起來）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感）Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltire

5、d.(三)挑出以下句中的表Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJimTheleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.：1）表示行的象，常由名也許代擔當。放在及物也許介此后。如：IlikeChina.（）Hehatesyou.（）HowmanydoyouneedWeneedtwo.（）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（）Didyouwritedo

6、wnwhathesaid（）2）介后的名、代和名-介AreyouafraidofthesnakeUnderthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）雙-（指人）和直（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.(四)挑出以下句中的賓語Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.HowmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclassSomeof

7、thestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou5.賓補：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.（）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidntcomehere（.）Wewillmakethemhappy.（）Wefoundnobodyin.()Pleasemakeyourselfathome.（）Dontlethimdothat.（）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（）Donteepkthelightsburning.（）Illhavem

8、ybikerpaired.（）(五)挑出以下句中的賓語補足語Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.TheycallmeLilysometimes.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow6.定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。AiYanlingisachemistry

9、teacher（.）Heisourfriend.（）Webelongtothethirdworld.（）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson（.）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.()Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.()TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（）(六)挑出

10、以下句中的定語TheyuseMr.,Mrs.withthefamilyname.WhatisyourgivennameOnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.狀語：用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和退步。（以下例句按上述序次排列）Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwen

11、tbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.(七)挑出以下句中的狀語Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderher