考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三亞航空旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-三亞航空旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Theculturaldepartmentistryingtohelptheseperformingenterprisesoutofthe（）byvariousmeans.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.delight

B.twilight

C.flight

D.plight

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)delight“高興”；B選項(xiàng)twilight“衰退期”；C選項(xiàng)flight“飛行”；D選項(xiàng)plight“困境”。句意“文化部門(mén)正試圖通過(guò)各種方式幫助這些演藝企業(yè)走出困境。”選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

2.翻譯題

II.(本題3段，每段10分)

HumanisticpsychologyHumanisticpsychologistsbelievethatbehavioristsareover-concernedwiththescientificstudyandanalysisoftheactionsofmanasanorganism,totheneglectofbasicaspectsofmanasafeeling,thinkingindividual,andthattoomucheffortisspentinlaboratoryresearch,whichquantifiesandreduceshumanbehaviortoitselements.Humanistsalsotakeissuewiththedeterministicorientationofpsychoanalysis,whichpostulatesthatman’searlyexperiencesanddrivesdeterminehisbehavior.Humaniststendtobelievethattheindividualisresponsibleforhislifeandactionsandmaytimecreativelychangehisattitudesorbehaviorthroughawarenessandwill.Thehumanistisconcernedwiththefullestgrowthoftheindividualintheareasoflove,fulfillment,self-worth,andautonomy;maturationisconsideredaprocessduringwhichoneestablishesandfollowsone’ssystemofvalues.

ExperimentmethodTheexperimentisaresearchinwhichtheinvestigatormanipulatesavariablecarefullycontrolledconditionsandobserveswhetheranychangesoccurinasecondvariableasaresult.Thus,thepurposeofanexperimentistofindouthowonevariable,let’scallitX,affectsanothervariable,whichwe’llcallY.Inthisformulation,werefertoXastheindependentvariabletoYasthedependentvariable.Anindependentvariableisaconditionoreventthatanexperimentervariesinordertoseeitsimpactonanothervariable.Agoodshortcutforsortingouttheindependentvariablesinexperimentsistofitthevariablesintotheequation“HowXaffectsY.”

IntelligenceIntelligencereferstocognitiveabilitiesofanindividualtolearnfromexperience,toreasonwell,andtocopeeffectivelywiththedemandsofdailyliving.Inshort,intelligencehastodowithhowwellapersonisabletousecognitionincopingwiththeworld.Thetermintelligencewasnotinwidespreaduseuntilitwaspopularizedinthelate1800sbythewritingsofSirFrancisGalton.GaltonwasacousinofCharlesDarwin,thescientistcreditedfordevelopingthetheoryofevolutionbasedonnaturalselectionofinheritedcharacteristics.Galtonbelievedthatintellectualabilitywasinherited,andhetriedunsuccessfullytodevelopanintelligencetesttouseinhisresearch.Althoughhewasunsuccessfulinhisownresearch,Galtongavepsychologytheconceptofintelligence.

【答案】人本心理學(xué)3.單選題

Intheearly1990svariousmeasureswere（

）toencouragesavings,stimulateinvestmentandmotivateworkereffort.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implemented

B.imparted

C.complimented

D.exploited

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。implement“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”；impart“給予”；compliment“恭維，稱贊”；exploit“開(kāi)發(fā)，開(kāi)拓”。句意：二十世紀(jì)九十年代早期社會(huì)實(shí)施各種措施來(lái)鼓勵(lì)存款，刺激投資以及激發(fā)工作的積極性。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.單選題

Thestudyofgeneticshasgivenrisetoaprofitablenewindustrycalledbiotechnology.Asthename（1）,itcombinesbiologyandmodemtechnologythroughsuch（2）asgeneticengineering.Someofthenewbiotechcompanies,astheyarecalled,（3）inagricultureandareworkingenthusiasticallytopatent（取得專利）seedsthatgiveahighyield（產(chǎn)量），that（4）disease,droughtandfrost,andthatreducetheneedfordangerouschemicals.（5）suchgoalscouldbeachieved,itwouldbemostbeneficial.Butsomehaveraised（6）aboutgeneticallyengineeredcrops.“Innature,geneticdiversity（多樣性）iscreatedwithincertainlimits,”saysthebookGeneticEngineering,FoodandOurEnvironment.“Arosecanbecrossed（雜交）withadifferentkindofrose,butarosewill（7）crosswithapotato...’’Geneticengineering,ontheotherhand,usuallyinvolvestakinggenesfromonespeciesandinsertingthemintoanotherinanattemptto（8）adesiredpropertyorcharacter.Thiscouldmean,（9）,selectingagenewhichleadstotheproductionofachemicalwithantifreezepropertiesfromanarcticfish,andjoiningitintoapotatoorstrawberrytomakeitfrost-resistant.Itisnowpossibleforplantstobeengineeredwithgenes（10）frombacteria,viruses,insects,animalsorevenhumans.（11）,then,biotechnologyallowshumanstobreakthegeneticwallsthat（12）species.

Likethegreenrevolution,（13）somecallthegenerevolution（14）totheproblemofgeneticuniformity（千篇一律）-somesayevenmoreso（15）geneticistscanemploytechniquessuch（16）cloningandorganculture,processesthatproduceperfectly（17）copies,orclones.Concernsaboutthebiodiversity,therefore,remain.Geneticallyalteredplants,however,raisenew（18）,suchastheeffectsthattheymayhaveonusandtheenvironment.“Weareflyingblindlyintoanew（19）ofagriculturalbiotechnologywithhighhopes,fewconstraints,andlittleideaofthepotential（20）,”saidsciencewriterJeremyRifkin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.suggests

B.recalls

C.concerns

D.advises

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.concepts

B.views

C.techniques

D.courses?

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.participate

B.focus

C.specialize

D.involve

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.treat

B.avoid

C.oppose

D.resist

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.If

B.Unless

C.Since

D.As

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.demands

B.topics

C.concerns

D.lessons

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.sometimes

B.never

C.frequently

D.eventually

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.convey

B.transfer

C.select

D.collect

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.forexample

B.foronething

C.ononehand

D.inanycase

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.resulted

B.evolved

C.injected

D.taken

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.Incontrast

B.Inthat

C.Incase

D.Inessence

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.separate

B.form

C.create

D.vary

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.where

C.as

D.so

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.combines

B.contributes

C.commands

D.breaks

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.because

C.if

D.when

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.like

B.forexample

C.as

D.is

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.resembling

B.alike

C.similar

D.identical

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.issues

B.height

C.difficulties

D.goals

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.spot

B.era

C.deadline

D.scheme

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.navigations

B.mystery

C.outcomes

D.destinations

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:C

第12題:A

第13題:A

第14題:B

第15題:B

第16題:C

第17題:D

第18題:A

第19題:B

第20題:C

【解析】（1）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)文章第一句，可知thename指代第一句中的biotechnology，所以這個(gè)名字暗示了它是生物和現(xiàn)代技術(shù)的結(jié)合，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（2）查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)上文，such指代前面提到的生物和現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，所以只有technique技術(shù)能概括前面的信息，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（3）動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。participatein“參加，分享”；focuson“集中于”；specializein“專門(mén)研究”；involvein“參與，涉及”。句意：一些新的生物科技公司，專門(mén)研究農(nóng)業(yè)方面的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（4）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Treat“治療，對(duì)待”；avoid“避免”；oppose“反對(duì)，對(duì)抗”；resist“抵抗”。句意：能夠抵抗干旱、疾病和霜凍，并且減少對(duì)化學(xué)用品需求的種子。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（5）邏輯關(guān)系。空格的這句和下一句應(yīng)該是假設(shè)關(guān)系，if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，句意：如果這些目標(biāo)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)，那么將會(huì)是最大的好處。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（6）固定搭配。concernabout“對(duì)……擔(dān)心”，句意：一些人對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物越來(lái)越擔(dān)心。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（7）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。上文提到基因多樣性是在特定范圍內(nèi)創(chuàng)建的，“Arosecanbecrossed（雜交）withadifferentkindofrose”，玫瑰可以和其他不同種類的玫瑰雜交，后面空格應(yīng)該是表示轉(zhuǎn)折，句意：但是玫瑰不能和土豆雜交。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（8）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。convey“運(yùn)達(dá)，傳輸”；transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”；select“選擇”；collect“收集”。句意：從一種物種上獲取基因，然后將其植入到另一物種中，嘗試轉(zhuǎn)移一種希望得到的特性。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（9）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。根據(jù)上下文，用北極魚(yú)防凍基因植入草莓土豆，使其也具有防凍特性的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明了基因轉(zhuǎn)移的過(guò)程。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（10）動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。resultedfrom“起因于”；evolvedfrom“演變而來(lái)”；injectedfrom“從……注射”；takenfrom“從……取出”。句意：現(xiàn)在用從病毒、細(xì)菌、昆蟲(chóng)、動(dòng)物乃至人體中提取的基因來(lái)改造植物是可能的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（11）詞組辨析。incontrast“與此相反”；inthat“因?yàn)椋捎凇?；incase“萬(wàn)一，假使”；inessence“本質(zhì)上”。句意：假使生物技術(shù)允許人類打破基因墻。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（12）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。separate“分離，分開(kāi)”；form“構(gòu)成，形成”；create“創(chuàng)造，造成”；vary“改變，使多樣化”。句意：生物技術(shù)使人們打破分隔物種的基因壁壘。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（13）考查語(yǔ)法?？崭駪?yīng)該是主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，句意：如同綠色革命一般，我們所說(shuō)的基因革命有助于解決基因千篇一律的問(wèn)題。有what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（14）固定搭配。contributeto“有助于”，句意：基因革命有助于解決基因千篇一律的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（15）邏輯關(guān)系。空格前后構(gòu)成了因果關(guān)系。句意：因?yàn)檫z傳學(xué)者能采用技術(shù)，所以有助于解決基因千篇一律的問(wèn)題選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（16）固定搭配?？崭窈竺媸桥e了克隆和器官培養(yǎng)的例子，所以用suchas“比如”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（17）形容詞詞義辨析。resembling“像”，不是形容詞，可排除；alike“相同的”；similar“相似的”；identical“同一的，完全相同的”。文中是指完全相同的基因復(fù)制和克隆。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（18）名詞詞義辨析。issues“問(wèn)題”；height“高度”；difficulties“困難”；goals“目標(biāo)”。句意：轉(zhuǎn)基因植物可能帶來(lái)新的問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（19）名詞詞義辨析。spot“地點(diǎn)”；era“時(shí)代，年代”；deadline“最后期限”；scheme“計(jì)劃”。句意：我們正盲目地飛向農(nóng)業(yè)生物科學(xué)技術(shù)的新時(shí)代。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（20）名詞詞義辨析。navigations“航?！?；mystery“神秘”；outcomes“結(jié)果”；destinations“目的地”。句意：不知道會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的潛在結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Wehadamarvelousholiday;onlythelasttwodayswasslightly（）byweather.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.damaged

B.enhanced

C.spoiled

D.diminished

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。damaged“破壞”；enhanced“提高；加強(qiáng)”；spoiled“溺愛(ài)；糟蹋；破壞”；diminished“減少；縮小”，根據(jù)句子前后的轉(zhuǎn)折可知此處想表達(dá)的是最后兩天受到了天氣的不好影響，被破壞了，所以此處應(yīng)該從damaged與spoiled兩個(gè)中間選擇，damage主要是指事物的價(jià)值或功能部分受損，spoil除了有溺愛(ài)、寵壞、破壞的意思外，還指事物完整性、完美性或者整體感受的破壞，此處表達(dá)的是最后兩天由于壞的天氣的影響，使其完美性遭到破壞，所以應(yīng)該用spoil。句意：我們度過(guò)了一個(gè)十分愉快的假期，只有最后兩天稍微被天氣……了。故正確答案為選項(xiàng)C。

6.單選題

Jimhadto（）allhisskill（）todefeathistennisopponent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.call…intoplay

B.call...tomind

C.call…toattention

D.oaction

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)，沒(méi)有oplay的搭配，B選項(xiàng)callsthtomind“想起，記起”；C選項(xiàng)，沒(méi)有callsth.toattention的搭配，callattentiontosth.“提醒，喚起注意”D選項(xiàng)oaction“將某事付諸行動(dòng)”。句意：吉姆不得不使出渾身解數(shù)來(lái)?yè)魯∷木W(wǎng)球?qū)κ?。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.填空題

Thesedrugs________alertness,elevatemood,anddecreasefatigueandtheneedforsleep,buttheyoftenmakeusersirritableandtalkative.(height)

【答案】heighten

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】Thesedrugs為句子主語(yǔ)，橫線處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，這里先列出了這些藥物的治療功效，然后列出藥物副作用，其中一個(gè)功效就是_____警覺(jué)性，heighten的意思為“（使）加強(qiáng)，提高，增加”，符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】這些藥物會(huì)提高警覺(jué)性，改善情緒，減少疲勞和睡眠需求，但它們往往讓服用者易怒并且健談。

8.單選題

Toourgreatdelight,yesterdaywereceiveda（n）（）donationfromabenefactor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.handsome

B.awesome

C.miserly

D.prodigal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。handsome“英俊的，大方的”；awesome“令人敬畏的，可怕的；極好的”；miserly“吝嗇的，貪婪的”；prodigal“揮霍的，十分慷慨的”。句意：令我們高興的是，昨天我們收到了一位捐助者大量的捐助物。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.翻譯題

AsTechnologyGetsBetter,WillSocietyGetWorse?Imaginethattwopeoplearecarvingasix-footslabofwoodatthesametime.Oneisusingahand-chisel,theother,achainsaw.Ifyouareinterestedinthefutureofthatslab,whomwouldyouwatch?

Thischainsaw/chisellogichasledsometosuggestthattechnologicalevolutionismoreimportanttohumanity’snearfuturethanbiologicalevolution,nowadays,itisnotthebiologicalchiselbutthetechnologicalchainsawthatismostquicklyredefiningwhatitmeanstobehumanThedevicesweusechangethewaywelivemuchfasterthananycontestamonggenes.We’retheblockofwood,evenif,asIwroteinJanuary,sometimeswedon’tevenfullynoticethatwe’rechanging.

1.Assumingthatwereallyareevolvingaswewearorinhabitmoretechnologicalprosthetics—likeever-smarterphones,helpfulglasses,andbrainycars—here’sthebigquestion:Willthattypeofevolutiontakeusindesirabledirections,asweusuallyassumebiologicalevolutiondoes?

Some,liketheWiredfounderKevinKelly,believethattheanswerisaresounding“yes”.Inhisbook“WhatTechnologyWants”.Kellywrites:2.“Technologywantswhatlifewants;Increasingefficiency;Increasingopportunity;Increasingemergence;Increasingcomplexity;Increasingdiversity;Increasingspecialization;Increasingubiquity;Increasingfreedom;Increasingmutualism;Increasingbeauty;Increasingsentience;Increasingstructure;Increasingevolvability.”

Wecantestthe“Increasing”theorybytakingaquicktripupnorth,toanisolatedareasouthoftheHudsonBay.HerelivetheOji-Cree,apeople,numberingaboutthirtythousand,whoinhabitacoldanddesolatelandroughlythesizeofGermany.Formuchofthetwentiethcentury,theOji-Creelivedatatechnologicallevelthatcanbedescribedasrelativelysimple.Asnomads,theylivedintentsduringthesummer,andincabinsduringthewinter.Snowshoes,dogsleds,andcanoeswerethemainmodesoftransportation,usedtotrackandkillfish,rabbits,andmooseforfood.AdoctorwhoworkedwiththeOji-Creeinthenineteen-fortieshasnotedtheabsenceofmentalbreakdownsorsubstanceabusewithinthepopulationobservingthat“thepeoplelivedarugged,rigorouslifewithplentyofexercise.”theOji-Creeinvariablyimpressedforeignerswiththeirvigorandstrength.Anothervisitor,inthenineteen-fifties,wroteoftheir“ingenuity,courage,andself-sacrifice,”nothingthat,intheNorth,“onlythosepreparedtofacehardshipandmakesacrificescouldsurvive.”

TheOji-CreehavebeenincontactwithEuropeansettlersforcenturies,butitwasonlyinthenineteen-sixties,whentrucksbeganmakingthetripnorth,thatnewertechnologiesliketheinternalcombustionengineandelectricityreallybegantoreachtheareas.TheOji-Creeeagerlyembracedthesenewtools.Inourlingo,wemightsaythattheywentthrougharapidevolution,advancingthroughhundredsofyearsoftechnologyinjustafewdecades.

Thegoodnewsisthat,nowadays,theOji-Creenolongerfacethethreatofwinterstarvation,whichregularlykilledpeopleinearliertimes.Theycanmoreeasilyimportandstorethefoodtheyneed,andtheyenjoypleasureslikesweetsandalcohol.Lifehasbecomemorecomfortable.Theconstantlaborofcanoeingorsnowshoeinghasbeeneliminatedbyoutboardenginesandsnowmobiles.Televisionmadeitnorthinthenineteen-eighties,andhasprovedenormouslypopular.

But,inthemain,theOji-Creestoryisnotahappyone.3.Sincethearrivalofnewtechnologies,thepopulationhassufferedamassiveincreaseinmorbidobesity,heartdisease,andType2diabetes.Socialproblemsarerampant;idleness,alcoholism,drugaddiction,andsuicidehavereachedsomeofthehighestlevelsonearth.Diabetes,inparticular,hasbecomesocommon(affectingfortypercentofthepopulation)thatresearcherthinkthatmanychildren,afterexposureinthewomb,arebornwithanincreasedpredispositiontothedisease.Childhoodobesityiswidespread,andten-year-oldssometimesappearmiddle-aged.Recently,theChiefofasmallOji-CreecommunityestimatedthathalfofhisadultpopulationwasaddictedtoOxyContinorotherpainkiller.

Technologyisnottheonlycauseofthesechanges,butscientistshavemadeclearthatitisadrivingfactor.Inprevioustimes,theOji-Creelifestylerequireddailyworkoutsthatrivaledthoseofaprofessionalathlete.“Intheearly20thcentury,”writesoneresearcher,"walkingupto100km/daywasnotuncommon.”Butthosedaysareover,replacedbymoderncomforts.Despitetheintroductionofmodernmedicine,thehealthoutcomesoftheOji-Creehavedeclinedinwaysthatwillnotbeeasytoreverse.TheOji-Creeareliterallybeingkilledbytechnologicaladvances.

TheOji-Creeareanunusualcase.Itcantakeasocietytimetoadjusttonewtechnologies,andthegrouphasalsosufferedothertraumas,likecolonizationandthedestructionofculturalcontinuity.Nonetheless,thestoryoffersanimportantwarningforthehumanrace.Theproblemwithtechnologicalevolutionisthatitisunderourcontroland,unfortunately,wedon’talwaysmakethebestdecisions.

4.Thisisalsotheprincipaldifferencebetweentechnologicalandbiologicalevolution.Biologicalevolutionisdrivenbysurvivalofthefittest,asadaptivetraitsarethosethatmakethesurvivalandreproductionofapopulationmorelikely.Itisn’tperfect,butatleast,inaroughway,itfavorsorganismswhoareadaptedtotheirenvironments.

Technologicalevolutionhasadifferentmotiveforce.Itisself-evolution,anditisthereforedrivenbywhatwewantasopposedtowhatisadaptive.Inamarketeconomy,itisevenmorecomplex:formostofus,ourtechnologicalidentitiesaredeterminedbywhatcompaniesdecidetosellbasedonwhattheybelievewe,asconsumers,willpayfor.Asaspecies,weoftenaren’tmuchdifferentfromtheOji-Cree.Comfort-seekingmissiles,wespendthemosttominimizepainandmaximizepleasure.Whenitcomestotechnologies,wemainlywanttomakethingseasy.Nottobebored.Oh,andmaybetolookabityounger.

Ourwill-to-comfort,combinedwithourtechnologicalpowers,createsastarkpossibility.Ifwe’renotcareful,ourtechnologicalevolutionwilltakeustowardnotasingularitybutasofalarity.That’safuturedefinednotbyanevolutiontowardsuperintelligencebutbytheabsenceofdiscomforts.

Thesofalarity(picturedmemorablyinthefilm“Wall-E”isnotinevitableeither.Buttheprospectofitmakesclearthat,asaspecies,weneedmechanismtokeephumanitynotrack.5.Thetechnologyindustry,whichdoessomuchtodefineus,hasadutytocatertoourmorecompleteselvesratherthanjustournarrowinterests.Ithasboththeopportunityandthemeanstoreachforsomethinghigher.And,asconsumers,weshouldrememberthatourcollectivedemandsdriveourdestinyasaspecies,anddefinetheposthumancondition.

【答案】1.假設(shè)當(dāng)我們用更多的科技手段——比如越來(lái)越智能的手機(jī)，方便的眼鏡和智能汽車(chē)——來(lái)彌補(bǔ)自身不足時(shí)，我們確實(shí)也在進(jìn)化，一個(gè)重大問(wèn)題就出現(xiàn)了：這樣的進(jìn)化能否像生物進(jìn)化那樣，把我們帶向更加美好的未來(lái)？

2.科技想要的就是生活想要的：增進(jìn)效率、機(jī)會(huì)、新事物，增強(qiáng)復(fù)雜性、增進(jìn)多元化、增強(qiáng)專業(yè)度、增進(jìn)普遍化、增強(qiáng)自由度、增強(qiáng)協(xié)作、增添美麗、增強(qiáng)感官能力、增強(qiáng)條理性、增強(qiáng)人的進(jìn)步能力。

3.自新技術(shù)出現(xiàn)以后，這里的人們就飽受肥胖癥、心臟病和第二型糖尿病的折磨。社會(huì)問(wèn)題也蔓延猖獗：失業(yè)率、嗜酒率、吸毒率以及自殺率飆升，有些甚至達(dá)到了世界最高水平。糖尿病變得尤其普遍(影響著40%的人口)，研究者們認(rèn)為許多兒童由于在子宮中就受到影響，生來(lái)就有更嚴(yán)重的糖尿病傾向。

4.這也是技術(shù)與生物進(jìn)化的主要區(qū)別，生物進(jìn)化是以優(yōu)勝劣汰為驅(qū)動(dòng)力的，因?yàn)檫m應(yīng)性特征使生物種群生存和繁殖的可能性更大，它不是完美的，但至少在以一個(gè)大致的方式進(jìn)行，它對(duì)適應(yīng)環(huán)境的生物是有利的。

5.科技產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要，它有責(zé)任來(lái)滿足我們真正的自我，而非我們狹隘的嗜好?？萍籍a(chǎn)業(yè)有機(jī)會(huì)也有能力取得更高的成就。另外，作為消費(fèi)者的我們也應(yīng)該牢記，我們的共同需求推動(dòng)著我們作為人類物種的命運(yùn)，決定著新一代人類的未來(lái)。

10.單選題

Itriedphoningheroffice,butIcouldn’t（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.getalong

B.geton

C.getto

D.getthrough

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)getalong“進(jìn)展，相處”；B選項(xiàng)geton“上車(chē)，進(jìn)展”；C選項(xiàng)getto“到達(dá)，開(kāi)始，接觸到”；D選項(xiàng)getthrough“通過(guò)，接通電話，度過(guò)”。句意：我試圖打電話到她辦公室，但我沒(méi)有打通。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

Alekodenied（）Mary’slittlelamb.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tosteal

B.tohavestolen

C.havingtosteal

D.stealing

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。deny“否認(rèn)，否定”，固定搭配：denydoingsth.“否認(rèn)做某事，否認(rèn)做過(guò)某事，拒絕做某事”。句意：阿萊科否認(rèn)偷了瑪麗的小羊，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Mary'smotherhadto（

）herdressbecauseMaryisgrowingsotall.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.letoff

B.letgo

C.letout

D.letloose

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。letoff意為“讓……下車(chē)，引爆”；letgo意為“放開(kāi)，釋放，發(fā)射”；letout意為“泄露，放大，出租”；letloose意為“釋放，放出，放任”。

句意：瑪麗的母親不得不把瑪麗的衣服改大，因?yàn)楝旣愰L(zhǎng)得很高。

13.單選題

Themosturgentthingistofindadumpforthosetoxicindustrialwastes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imminent

B.recyclable

C.smelly

D.poisonous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“即將來(lái)臨的，迫近的”；B選項(xiàng)“可回收利用的”；C選項(xiàng)“有臭味的”；D選項(xiàng)“有毒的，惡毒的”；題干中toxic“有毒的，中毒的”，句意：最緊迫的事情是找到一個(gè)傾倒有毒工業(yè)廢料的地方。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Theprincipleofarocketmotorissimple,（）rocketsareverycomplicatedmachines.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.largebutwhichpowerful

B.butlarge,powerful

C.largealthoughpowerful

D.solarge,powerful

【答案】B

【解析】考查連詞以及邏輯關(guān)系。由空格后rockets名詞，以及給出的選項(xiàng)可知此處應(yīng)填入形容詞修飾名詞。句意：火箭發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的原理很簡(jiǎn)單，（）火箭是非常復(fù)雜的機(jī)器。前文的簡(jiǎn)單和后文的復(fù)雜形成對(duì)比，因?yàn)锽選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Doyoufrequentthelocalstoreorbuyfromthemail-orderhouse?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.phoneat

B.parkat

C.chargeat

D.shopat

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。Frequent作動(dòng)詞表示“常去”；A項(xiàng)phoneat沒(méi)有這個(gè)搭配，phone作動(dòng)詞表示“打電話”，B項(xiàng)parkat“在……停車(chē)”，C項(xiàng)chargeat“沖擊，猛攻”，D項(xiàng)shopat“在……購(gòu)物”。句意：你經(jīng)常去實(shí)體店買(mǎi)東西還是網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物呢？因此D項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe“fit”insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydaylives,wementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexample,wemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarian,whetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesman,whethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreader,andsoon.

Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounterandchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscan,atveryhighspeed,assumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothers,mostofusperformitrathereffortlessly.

Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimitsthebuyerchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyfit,aswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicefromminoradjustments,wetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreschoiceamongthemislimited.

41.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus______.

42.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses______.

43.Theword“appraisal”mostprobablymeans______.

44.Accordingtothelastsentenceofthesecondparagraph,thepronoun“it”refersto“______”.

45.Bysayingthat“anAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince”,thewritermeans______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjob

B.behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeople

C.protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituations

D.makefriendswithotherpeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.inordertoidentifythemselveswithothers

B.inordertobetteridentifyothers

C.astheirmentalprocesseschange

D.asthesituationchanges

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.involvement

B.appreciation

C.assessment

D.presentation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.fittingouractionstothoseofotherpeopleappropriately

B.identificationofotherpeople’sstatuses

C.selectingone’sownstatuses

D.constantmentalprocess

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.differentpeoplehavedifferentstylesofclothes

B.ready-madeclothesmayneedalterations

C.statusescomereadymadejustlikeclothes

D.ourchoiceofstatusesislimited

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】41.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

41.Inthefirstparagraph,thewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus______.41.在第一段，作者告訴我們，身份可以幫助我們______。

A.determinewhetherapersonisfitforacertainjobA.確定一個(gè)人是否適合某一份工作

B.behaveappropriatelyinrelationtootherpeopleB.在與他人的關(guān)系中舉止得體

C.protectourselvesinunfamiliarsituationsC.在不熟悉的情況下保護(hù)自己

D.makefriendswithotherpeopleD.與他人交朋友

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段，第一段的段意是：身份是人類奇妙的發(fā)明，它使我們能夠彼此相處（getalongwithoneanother），幫助人們確定在社會(huì)中所“適合”的位置。日常生活中，我們頭腦里經(jīng)常根據(jù)別人的身份試著判斷別人。例如，我們必須判斷圖書(shū)館的這個(gè)人是讀者，還是圖書(shū)館管理人員，打來(lái)電話的人是朋友還是推銷商。登門(mén)拜訪的不速之客是小偷還是抄表工等等。從中我們可以看出，身份可以幫助我們做出判斷，無(wú)論是對(duì)自己還是對(duì)他人的身份，所以身份可以幫助我們?cè)谂c人交往中做出恰當(dāng)?shù)男袨?。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“確定一個(gè)人是否適合某一份工作”是確定身份，而不是適合的工作，屬于曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“在不熟悉的情況下保護(hù)自己”沒(méi)提到，無(wú)中生有；

D選項(xiàng)“與他人交朋友”并不全面，以偏概全。

42.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

42.Accordingtothewriter,peopleoftenassumedifferentstatuses______.42.根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，人們通常會(huì)假設(shè)不同的身份，______。

A.inordertoidentifythemselveswithothersA.以與他人認(rèn)同

B.inordertobetteridentifyothersB.為了更好地識(shí)別他人

C.astheirmentalprocesseschangeC.隨著心理過(guò)程的變化

D.asthesituationchangesD.隨著情形的變化

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“我們所假定的身份常常隨著我們遇到的人的不同而變化，并且在一生中不斷變化”，綜合理解可推斷，我們的身份是隨著情形場(chǎng)合的變化而有所不同，所以D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“以與他人認(rèn)同”沒(méi)提到，無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“為了更好地識(shí)別他人”中的others應(yīng)該改為status，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

C選項(xiàng)“隨著心理過(guò)程的變化”是“我們的行為符合他人的行為”的基準(zhǔn)，與題干無(wú)關(guān)，張冠李戴。

43.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

43.Theword“appraisal”mostprobablymeans______.43.appraisal這個(gè)詞的意思很可能是______。

A.involvementA.參與

B.appreciationB.欣賞