考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)珠海分校押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)珠海分校押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

1.Formorethan50yearsmicrobiologistintheUSandEuropehavewarnedagainstusingantibioticstofattenupfarmanimals.Thepractice,theyargue,threatenshumanhealthbyturningfarmsintobreedinggroundsofdrug-resistantbacteria.Farmersrespondedthatrestrictingantibioticsinlivestockwoulddevastatetheindustryandsignificantlyraisecoststoconsumers.Wenowhaveempiricaldatathatshouldresolvethisdebate.Sine1995Denmarkhasenforcedprogressivelytighterrulesontheuseofantibioticsintheraisingofpigs,poultryandotherlivestock.Intheprocess,ithasshownthatitispossibletoprotecthumanhealthwithouthurtingfarmers.

2.Farmersinmanycountriesuseantibioticsintwokeyways:(1)atfullstrengthtotreatanimalsthataresickand(2)inlowdosestofattenmeat-producinglivestockortopreventveterinaryillnesses.(ItisillegalintheUStosellmilkforhumanconsumptionfromdairycattletreatedwithantibiotics.）Althougheventheproperuseofantibioticscaninadvertentlyleadtothespreadofdrug-resistantbacteria,thehabitofusingalowor"sub-therapeutic"doseisaformulafordisaster:thetreatmentprovidesjustenoughantibiotictokillsomebutnotallbacteria.Thegermsthatsurvivearetypicallythosethathappentobeargeneticmutationsforresistingtheantibiotic.Theythenreproduceandexchangegeneswithothermicrobialresisters.Becausebacteriaarefoundliterallyeverywhere,resistantstrainsproducedinanimalseventuallyfindtheirwayintopeopleaswell.Youcouldhardlydesignabettersystemforguaranteeingthespreadofantibioticresistance.

3.Thedatafrommultiplestudiesovertheyearssupporttheconclusionthatlowdosesofantibioticsinanimalsincreasethenumberofdrug-resistantmicrobesinbothanimalsandpeople.AsJoshuaM.Scharfstein,aprincipaldeputycommissionerattheFoodandDrugAdministration,toldaUScongressionalsubcommitteelastsummer,"Youactuallycantracethespecificbacteriaaroundandfindthattheresistantstrainsinhumansmatchtheresistantstrainsintheanimals."AndthisscienceiswhatledDenmarktostopsub-therapeuticdosin^ofchickens,pigsandotherfarmanimals.

4.Althoughthetransitionunfoldedsmoothlyinthepoultryindustry,theaverageweightofpigsfellinthefirstyear.ButafterDanishfarmersstartedleavingsowsandpigletstogetherafewweekslongertobolsterthelittennates*immunesystemsnaturally,theanimals’weightsjumpedbackup,andthenumberofpigsperlitterincreasedaswell.Thelessonisthatimprovinganimalhusbandry——makingsurethatpens,stallsandcagesareproperlycleanedandgivinganimalsmoreroomortimetomature-offsetstheinitialnegativeimpactoflimitingantibioticuse.TodayDanishindustryreportsthatproductivityishigherthanbefore.MeanwhilereportsofantibioticresistanceinDanishpeoplearemixed,whichshows——asifweneededreminding——thattherearenoquickfixes.

5.LestanyonearguethatDenmarkistoosmalltoofferareasonableparalleltotheUS,considerthatitistheworld'slargestexporterofpork.LikeUSfarmers,Danesraisepigsonanintensive,industrialscale.Iftheycanfigureouthowtolimitantibioticusewhileactuallyincreasingagriculturalproductivity,thensocanAmericans.TheAmericanMedicalAssociation,theInfectiousDiseasesSocietyofAmerica,theAmericanPublicHealthAssociation,apreviousFDAcommissionerandmanyothershaveadvisedtheUStofollowsuit.LastyeartheFDApublishednewguidelinescallingfor’’judicioususe"ofantibiotics.Yetitultimatelyleftthedecisiononexactlywhenandwheretouseantibioticsuptoindividualfarmers.Thatlaissez-fairestandardisnotgoodenough,particularlywhenthehealthoftherestofthepopulationisatstake.

6.Ofcourse,thewayveterinaryantibioticsareusedisnottheonlycauseofhumandrug-resistantinfections.Carelessuseofthedrugsinpeoplealsocontributestotheproblem.Butagriculturaluseisstillamajorcontributingfactor.Everydaythatpassesbringsnewevidencethatweareindangeroflosingeffectiveantibioticprotectionagainstmanyofthemostdangerousbacteriathatcausehumanillness.Thetechnicalissuesaresolvable.Denmark'sexampleprovesthatitispossibletocutantibioticuseonfarmswithouttriggeringfinancialdisaster.Infact,itmightprovideacompetitiveadvantage.Strongermeasurestodeprivedrug-resistantbacteriaoftheiragriculturalbreedinggroundssimplymakescientific,economicandcommonsense.

1.Thisarticle（

）.

2.Overthelasthalf-century,manyWesternscientistshaveexpressedconcernabouttheconsequencesof（

）.

3.Thewordinadvertentlyinparagraph2means（

）.

4.Thetoneofthefinalsentenceinparagraph2is（

）.

5.WhentheDanishauthoritiesorderedfarmerstoceasegivinglowdosesofantibioticstotheirfarmanimals（

）.

6.Accordingtothearticle,theDanishgovernment’sdecisionin1995tolimittheuseofantibioticsbyfarmers（

）.

7.Theauthorarguesthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.wasprobablywrittenprimarilyformicrobiologists

B.isastraightforwardaccountofrecentadvancesintheuseofantibiotics

C.ismainlyacriticalaccountofactionstakenbyDanishandUSfarmers

D.seemsintendedtocontributetoanongoingdebate

問題2選項

A.usingantibioticstotreathumandiseases

B.givingantibioticstofarmanimals

C.usingantibioticstospeedupweightgaininyoungfarmanimals

D.resistancetotheuseofantibioticsamongfarmersraisinganimals

問題3選項

A.bydesign

B.theoppositeofbydesign

C.deliberately

D.unfortunately

問題4選項

A.threatening

B.ironic

C.reassuring

D.neutral

問題5選項

A.thefarmersrefusedtocooperatewiththegovernment

B.alloftheanimalstooklongertoputonweight

C.youngpigsgainedlessweightintheirfirstyear

D.productivityquicklybegantorise

問題6選項

A.hasledtohealthierchickensbuttolesshealthypigs

B.hasprovokedconcernamongDanishfarmersaboutlong-termproductivityproblems

C.hassignificantlyimprovedthehealthofhumanbeingaswellasoffarmanimals

D.hasnotyetledtoanindisputabledropinantibioticresistanceamonghumanbeings

問題7選項

A.asmallcountrylikeDenmarkisaquestionablemodelforlargersocieties

B.theexperienceoftheDanishporkindustryisquiteapplicabletoanimalhusbandryinotherlargercountries

C.theUSisactuallytheonlyothercountrythatcanbenefitfromDanishexperience,atleastatpresent

D.Americanpigfarmersareveryunlikelytoacceptgovernment-imposedlimitsontheiruseofantibiotics

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章首先提出了美國和歐洲國家存在的一個爭議話題“微生物學(xué)家提出不能在畜牧業(yè)方面使用抗生素，但農(nóng)民群體卻回應(yīng)說停止使抗生素將會給畜牧行業(yè)帶來災(zāi)難性后果”，隨后文章圍繞“抗生素使用的危害”以及“在畜牧行業(yè)停止使抗生素能否避免產(chǎn)生災(zāi)難性后果”這兩方面的問題展開，因此可以推知文章主要是針對在畜牧業(yè)方面使用抗生素所引發(fā)的爭論，故答案為D(似乎有助于現(xiàn)下的討論)。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第一段:Formorethan50yearsmicrobiologistintheUSandEuropehavewarnedagainstusingantibioticstofattenupfarmanimals.Thepractice,theyargue,threatenshumanhealthbyturningfamsintobreedinggroundsofdrug-resistantbacteria(在過去的50年里，美國和歐洲國家的微生物學(xué)家警示說不能通過使用抗生素來增加家畜的重量。這種行為相當(dāng)于是將農(nóng)場變成了耐藥菌的溫床，從而對人類健康構(gòu)成威脅)。因此科學(xué)家擔(dān)心的是使用抗生素加速增加幼年家畜體重所帶來的后果。

3.詞義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:Althougheventheproperuseofantibioticscaninadvertentlyleadtothespreadofdrug-resistantbacteria,thehabitofusingalowor"sub-therapeutic"doseisaformulafordisaster:thetreatmentprovidesjustenoughantibiotictokillsomebutnotallbacteria。主句句意為:習(xí)慣性地使用少劑量的抗生素也會導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性后果：使用的抗生素的確能夠殺死細菌，但只是一部分。而且主從句之間為讓步關(guān)系,因此推測從句句意為:雖然抗生素的合理使用只會在無意之中導(dǎo)致耐藥菌的傳播。因此選B“無意地”。

4.態(tài)度方向題。第二段最后一句:Youcouldhardlydesignabettersystemforguaranteeingthespreadofantibioticresistance。字面意思是“在保證抗生素抗藥性的傳播方面，你幾乎不能找到更好的方式了”，實際意思是說當(dāng)前抗生素使用現(xiàn)狀為耐藥菌的傳播提供了最好的條件，故這句是一個反語，答案選項為B。

5.細節(jié)事實題。第四段:Althoughthetransitionunfoldedsmoothlyinthepoultiyindustry,theaverageweightofpigsfellinthefirstyear(雖然這一轉(zhuǎn)變在制藥業(yè)順利展開，但豬的平均體重在第一年就下降了)。故選C。

6.細節(jié)事實題。第四段:TodayDanishindustryreportsthatproductivityishigherthanbefore.MeanwhilereportsofantibioticresistanceinDanishpeoplearemixed,whichshows——asifweneededreminding——thattherearenoquickfixes(現(xiàn)如今丹麥工業(yè)報告說生產(chǎn)率比以前高。與此同時，丹麥人對抗生素耐藥性的報告也不盡相同，這表明——似乎我們需要提醒——沒有捷徑可走)。由此看出丹麥政府限制農(nóng)民使用抗生素并不能在降低人的抗生素抗藥性方面取得明顯效果,故選D。

7.態(tài)度方向題。第五段:LikeUSfarmers，Danesraisepigsonanintensive,industrialscale.Iftheycanfigureouthowtolimitantibioticusewhileactuallyincreasingagriculturalproductivity,thensocanAmericans(和美國的農(nóng)民一樣，丹麥人也是以集中、規(guī)?；姆绞斤曫B(yǎng)豬。如果丹麥人能夠保證在限制抗生素使用的同時提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力，那么美國人也應(yīng)該能夠做到),由此推斷作者認為丹麥在豬肉行業(yè)的經(jīng)驗是適用于其他大國的畜牧業(yè)的。故選B。

2.單選題

Thesalesmanagerwassoadamantaboutherideathatitwasoutofthequestionforanyonetotalkheroutofit.

問題1選項

A.adaptable

B.anxious

C.firm

D.talkative

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。adamant在句中是“堅決的，堅定不移的”，A選項adaptable“能適應(yīng)的”；B選項anxious“焦慮的”；C選項firm“堅固的；堅決的”；D選項talkative“健談的”。句意：銷售經(jīng)理對自己的想法如此堅決，以至于任何人都無法說服她放棄。因此選C。

3.單選題

Thenewprincipalhopesto（

）anumberofchangestothecoursesofstudy.

問題1選項

A.affect

B.effect

C.react

D.influence

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這位新校長希望對學(xué)習(xí)課程進行一些改變。

考查動詞辨析。Affect影響,感染;effect使發(fā)生,實現(xiàn),引起;react起反應(yīng),(對…)作出反應(yīng),回應(yīng);influence影響,對…起作用,支配。故B符合句意。

4.單選題

ManyFineArtgraduatestake()professionalpracticeasartists,andthiscourseencouragesthemtoconsidertheirroleasartistsinthecommunitybyprovidingopportunitiesforshort-termplacementsoutsidetheFaculty.

問題1選項

A.down

B.up

C.out

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。takedown“記下”；takeup“開始從事”；takeout“取出”；takein“欺騙；吸收”。句意：許多美術(shù)專業(yè)畢業(yè)生把自己看作藝術(shù)家來進行職業(yè)訓(xùn)練，本課程鼓勵他們考把自己當(dāng)做社會藝術(shù)工作者，為他們提供在學(xué)院之外的短期實習(xí)機會。因此B選項符合題意。

5.單選題

（

）,there’sagoodreasonforherabsence,asshedoesn’tusuallystayawayfromwork.

問題1選項

A.Ideal

B.Principally

C.Presumably

D.Originally

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。ideally“理想地”；principally“主要地”；presumably“大概”；originally“原始地”。句意：她沒來可能是有原因的，因為她通常不會擅離崗位。選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

Ifthethoughtofleavinghomewithoutyourmobilephonecausesyouto（

）coldsweat,youcouldbesufferingfromnomophobia:thefearofhavingnomobilephone.

問題1選項

A.breakinto

B.breakout

C.breakthrough

D.breakup

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.breakinto闖入B.breakout爆發(fā)；突發(fā)

C.breakthrough突破；突圍D.breakup打碎；破碎；結(jié)束；解散

【答案】B

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】如果離開家不帶手機的想法會使你……冷汗，你可能患上了無手機綜合癥：對沒有手機感到恐懼。由本題句意可知應(yīng)該是冒冷汗，B選項“爆發(fā)；突發(fā)”可引申為該句所需要的含義，因此選B。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項均不符合句意。

【句意】如果離開家不帶手機的想法會使你出一身冷汗，那你可能患上了“無手機恐懼癥”：對沒有手機感到恐懼。

7.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

采取一切有效措施掃清“黃毒”，依法處理相關(guān)違法人員。

勞教制度廢止后，未觸犯刑法的違法者，將由社區(qū)采取措施進行矯正。

醉酒駕駛機動車的行為，要追究法律責(zé)任。

中國漁政船頻繁開赴釣魚島，維護國家的合法權(quán)益。

打擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪，保護人民生命和財產(chǎn)安全。

依法行政是實現(xiàn)“中國夢”的根本性制度保障。

【答案】Takealleffectivemeasurestoclearawaythepornographyanddrugsanddealwiththerelevantpersonswhobreaklawsinaccordancewiththelaw.

Aftertheabolishmentofthesystemofreeducationthroughlabor,thecommunitywilltakemeasurestocorrectthelawbreakerswhodonotviolatethecriminallaw.

Todriveamotorvehicleaftergettingdrunkshallbeinvestigatedforlegalresponsibility.

ChinesefisheryadministrationvesselsfrequentlysetoutforDiaoyuislandstosafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofourcountry.

Crackdownnetworkcrimeandprotectpeople'slivesandproperty.

Toadministerourgovernmentaccordingtolawisanessentialinstitutionalguaranteeforrealizingthe"Chinesedream".

8.單選題

Hadspringeverbeengentle,soendearingbefore?Hadeverylittlescene,everyshopwindow,everyfacehepassedeverbeensowonderfullyinteresting?

問題1選項

A.attractive

B.favorable

C.inspiring

D.peaceful

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.attractive吸引人的，令人愉快的B.favorable給人好印象的（有好感）

C.inspiring鼓舞人心的，激勵的，啟發(fā)靈感的D.peaceful安靜的，平靜的

【答案】A

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】endearing的意思為“惹人喜愛的，討人喜歡的”，這里問春天是否曾經(jīng)惹人喜愛，讓人不自覺地被他吸引，attractive與之詞義相近，因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】春天曾經(jīng)如此惹人喜愛嗎？他走過的每一處、每一個商店櫥窗、每一張面孔，都曾經(jīng)是那么奇妙而有趣嗎？

9.單選題

Weneedtomakesurethatwe（）ourresourcesasfullyaspossible.

問題1選項

A.use

B.exploit

C.employ

D.explore

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞詞義辨析。use“使用”；exploit“開發(fā)，開拓”；employ“雇用”；explore“探索，探測”。句意：我們需要確保盡可能全面開發(fā)我們的資源。選項B符合題意。

10.單選題

Theexcursionwillgiveyouanevendeeper（）intoourlanguageandculture.

問題1選項

A.inquiry

B.investigation

C.input

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】名詞詞義解析。inquiry“查詢”；investigation“調(diào)查”；input“輸入”；insight“洞悉”。句意：這次旅行將會提供一個語言和文化的深入了解。選項D符合題意。

11.填空題

Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualfromensuringthatthereisnomonopolyofpower.

Incontrasttoone,all-powerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachotherforprofits.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Bfrom改為by

【解析】【考查點】介詞。

【解題思路】protect為這里的謂語動詞，指的是維護個體自由，B部分到句尾指的是維護個體自由的方式，介詞by“（表示方式）”符合語境。

【句意】競爭可以權(quán)力壟斷，維護個體自由。與全能的政府相比，許多企業(yè)為了利潤而相互競爭。

12.單選題

Whenhefinallyemergedfromthecaveafterthirtydays,Johnwas（）pale.

問題1選項

A.enormously

B.startlingly

C.uniquely

D.dramatically

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。enormously非常地，極其，在極大程度上地；startlingly驚人地，使人驚奇地；uniquely獨特地，珍奇地；dramatically顯著地，劇烈的。前半句提到“他30天后才從洞穴里爬出來”可知出來的時候，他臉色看上去白得讓人吃驚。故B項最符合題意。

13.單選題

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetomakewaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.

Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomeprimaryquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.Wouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Wouldwenotratherencouragemanyotherwaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?

Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldprovidetheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Later,astransportationimproved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople’sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplaceinwhichtheylived.

Meanwhileemploymentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpre-industrialtime,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamilytohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtodayandrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered,asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfulltimejobs.

1.Researchcarriedoutintherecentopinionpollsshowsthat（

）

2.Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat（

）

3.Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat（

）

4.Thearticleconcludesthat（

）

問題1選項

A.availableemploymentshouldberestrictedtoasmallpercentageofthepopulation.

B.newjobsmustbecreatedinordertorectifyhighunemploymentfigures.

C.availableemploymentmustbemorewidelydistributedamongtheunemployed.

D.thenowadayshighunemploymentfiguresareatruthoflife.

問題2選項

A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity.

B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone’scontrol.

C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged.

D.people’sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed.

問題3選項

A.thehouseholdandvillagecommunitydisappearedcompletely.

B.mennowtraveledenormousdistancestotheirplacesofwork.

C.theworkstatusofthosenotinpaidemploymentsuffered.

D.youngandoldpeoplebecamesuperfluouscomponentsofsociety.

問題4選項

A.thecreationofjobsforallisanimpossibility.

B.oureffortsandresourcesintermsoftacklingunemploymentareinsufficient.

C.peopleshouldbeginsupportingthemselvesbylearningapracticalskill.

D.weshouldhelpthosewhosejobsareonlypart-time.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，高失業(yè)率確實是現(xiàn)在存在的一種社會現(xiàn)象，并且會持續(xù)下去。所以選項中“atruthoflife”最符合題意，選項D最符合題意。

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“someofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbrought”，第四段中“hefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustries”可以看出工業(yè)時代的到來推動了整個工業(yè)模式的變化。選項C符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段。所有人都受到了就業(yè)影響，其中也包括“thosenotinpaid”，那些沒有受雇的人，如學(xué)生和退休人員，故選項C符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的最后一句中“withoutfulltimejobs”，可知選項D符合題意。

14.單選題

ProfessorJohnsonissaid（）somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyears.

問題1選項

A.making

B.havingmade

C.tomake

D.tohavemade

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語動詞的用法。Sbissaid后接動詞不定式，表示“據(jù)說某人”。用不定式的完成式表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作。此句相當(dāng)于ItissaidthatProfessorJohnsonhasmadesomesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear．句意：據(jù)說約翰遜教授去年在他的研究中取得了重大進展。故本題正確答案為D項。

15.單選題

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationswanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajob,either.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”,or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”,ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”,wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinterview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitisincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

1.Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspapercolumns______.

2.Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause______.

3.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.

4.Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter______.

5.Thecurriculumvitaehasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause______.

問題1選項

A.informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable

B.promisestoofferusefuladvicetothoselookingforemployment

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersofthepeopleavailableforwork

問題2選項

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytopleveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

問題3選項

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

問題4選項

A.somethingthatwoulddistinguishonefromotherapplicants

B.hintedinformationaboutthepersonalityoftheapplicant

C.one’sadvantagesoverothersinapplyingforthejob

D.anoccasionaltrickwiththeaggressiveapproach

問題5選項

A.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

C.jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D.theotherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段最后一句“Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.（它的作用是在求職時提供幫助。）”由此可知這種新型廣告主要是給那些找工作的人提供有用的信息，所以B選項“承諾給那些找工作的人提供有用的信息”說法正確。A選項“給求職者提供工作機會”；C選項“將現(xiàn)有的工作分為不同類型”；D選項“通知雇主可以工作的人”都與文章事實不符，因此B選項正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.當(dāng)然，這種專門服務(wù)的增長和明顯的成功反映了目前的高失業(yè)率。這也表明了簡歷（或工作經(jīng)歷）越來越重要，因為它本身就可以稱得上是一種藝術(shù)形式”。由此可知對這種特殊類型的服務(wù)需求增多是因為失業(yè)人數(shù)的原因，所以C選項“有很多人失業(yè)”說法正確。A選項“藝術(shù)工作者缺少工作機會”；B選項“頂級工作數(shù)量增多”與文章事實不符；D選項“工作經(jīng)歷被認為是一件藝術(shù)品”文章雖然有提到，但不是這種特殊類型的服務(wù)需求增多的原因。因此C選項正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第三段“Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.‘Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams’,wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,andeverythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.”（曾經(jīng)有一段時間，求職者只寫求職信?！罢垖懴履男彰?、地址、年齡和是否通過了考試”，這是我離開學(xué)校時給申請第一份工作的年輕人提供的平均建議。他們解釋說，這封信實際上只是開個玩笑，其他一切都可以而且應(yīng)該留到面試時再寫）。由此可知在過去求職者會在求職信上面寫下詳細信息直到他們獲得面試，所以D選項“保留任何詳細的信息直到他們獲得面試”說法正確。A選項“寫一封說明他們生活歷史的信件”文章沒有提到；B選項“在申請工作之前通過一些考試”文章只提到在求職信上寫上自己是否通過了考試，并沒有提到求職者必須通過考試，故不選；C選項“除了能讀和寫之外沒有別的資格”說法錯誤，文章提到Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.在那些充分就業(yè)的日子里，這種方法是有效的。這封信證明你能寫，也能去工作。你急切的表情和機智的回答將會完成面試的剩下部分。由此只會讀和寫并不能幫助你獲得工作，面試中的表現(xiàn)也很重要。因此D選項正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomet