考研考博-英語-四川商務職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川商務職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Televisionisoneoftoday’smostpowerfulandwidespreadmeansofmasscommunication.Itdirectlyinfluencesourlivesonbothashortandlongtermbasis;itbringsworldwidesituationsintoourhomes;itaffordsextensiveopportunitiesforacquiringhighereducation;anditperformsthesetasksinaconvenientyeteffectivemanner.Weareallawareofthepopularlyacceptedapplicationsoftelevision,particularlythoserelativetoentertainmentandnewsbroadcasting.

Television,however,hasalsobeenavitallinkinunmanneddeepspaceexploration(suchastheVoyagerIandIImissions)inprovidingvisionsfromhazardousareas(suchasproximitytoradioactivematerialsorenvironments)inunderwaterresearch,inviewingstormsmovingacrossametropolitanarea(thecamerabeingplacedinaweatherprotectiveenclosurenearthetopofatower),etc.Theearth’sweathersatellitesalsousetelevisioncamerasforviewingcloudcoverandmovementsfrom20.000milesinspace.Infraredfiltersareusedfornightviews,andseveralsystemsincludeaspinningmirrorarrangementtopermitwideareaviewsfromthecamera.Realizingtheunlimitedapplicationsfortoday'stelevision,onemaythuslogicallyponderthetruebenefitsofconfiningmostofourvideoactivitiestothemassentertainmentfield.

ConventionaltelevisionbroadcastingwithintheUnitedStatescentersaroundfreeenterpriseandpublicownership.Thisrequiresfundingbycommercialsponsors,andthusfunctionsinarevenueproducingbusinessmanner.TelevisioninUSSRsubjectedareas,conversely,isagovernmentownedandmaintainedarrangement.Whilesucharrangementseliminatetheneedforcommercialsponsorship,italsohasthepossibilityoflimitingthetypeofprogramsavailabletoviewers(anumberofpurelyentertainmentprogramssimilartotheclassic“Bewitched”,however,havebeenseenonthesegovernmentcontrollednetworks.Allisn’tasgrayanddismalastheuninformedmightunnecessarilyvisualize).

AhighlymodifiedformoftelevisioncalledSlowScanTVispresentlybeingusedbymanyAmateurRadiooperatorstoprovidedirectvisualcommunicationswithalmostanyareaoftheworld.ThisuniquevisualmoderecentlyallowedpeopleonthetinySouthPacificcountryofPitcairnIslandtoview,forthefirsttimeintheirlives,distantareas,andpeopleoftheworld.ThechiefradioAmateurandcommunicationsofficerofPitcairn,incidentally,isthelegendaryTomChristiangreat,greatgrandsonofTomChristianof“MutinyontheBounty”fame.RadioAmateursinmanylandsworkedtogetherforseveralmonthsestablishingvisualcapabilitiesforPitcairners.Theresultshaveprovenspectacular,yetthevisualcapabilitieshaveonlybeenusedforhealtheducationorwelfarepurposes.CommercialTVisstillunknowntonativesofthattinycountry.Numerousotherformsoftelevisionandvisualcommunicationhavealsobeenusedonsemirestrictedbasis.Thisindicatesthemanyuntappedareasofvideoandtelevisionwhichmaysoonbeexploitedonamorewidespreadbasis.Theoldclichéofapicturebeingworthathousandwordstrulyhasmerit.

1.Accordingtothepassage,applicationsoftelevisionareeasilyacceptedin（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueintheeyesofthewriter?

3.AccordingtothepassagetelevisioninUSSR

（

）.

4.Inthepassage,theauthortriestotelluspurelyentertainmentprogramssimilartotheclassic“Bewitched”

（

）.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardtelevisionprogramsis（

）.

問題1選項

A.metropolitanarea

B.deepspaceexploration

C.programsaboutentertainmentandnews

D.remoteareas

問題2選項

A.Applicationsoftelevisionarebeneficialtobigcities.

B.Applicationsoftelevisionarebelievedtobegoodactivities

C.Applicationsoftelevisionarerestrictedtotelevisionsystems.

D.Applicationsoftelevisionbenefittothemassentertainmentfield.

問題3選項

A.islimitedtoarevenueproducingbusinessmanner

B.requiresfundingbycommercialsponsors

C.putsawaytheneedofcommercialaid

D.isbadlyinneedofcommercialhelp

問題4選項

A.areasgoodasthoseintheU.S.

B.havebeenseenonmanygovernmentcontrollednetworks

C.areasgrayanddismalastheuninformedmightunnecessarilyvisualize

D.arenotasgloomyastheuninformedmight

問題5選項

A.positive

B.indifferent

C.critical

D.dangerous

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知電視在哪方面的運用更讓人容易接受”。文章第一段最后一句提到“我們都知道電視被廣泛接受，尤其是那些與娛樂和新聞廣播有關(guān)的內(nèi)容”（Weareallawareofthepopularlyacceptedapplicationsoftelevision,particularlythoserelativetoentertainmentandnewsbroadcasting），因此選項C符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在作者看來，下面說法正確的是……”。文章第二段最后一句提到“意識到當今電視的無限應用，人們可能會理性地思考我們將大多數(shù)影像活動限制于大眾娛樂領(lǐng)域而帶來的真正好處”（Realizingtheunlimitedapplicationsfortoday'stelevision,onemaythuslogicallyponderthetruebenefitsofconfiningmostofourvideoactivitiestothemassentertainmentfield），由此可知選項D“電視使用受益的是大眾娛樂”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章所述，蘇聯(lián)的電視……”。文章第二段提到蘇聯(lián)的電視是受政府控制的，所以不需要贊助（TelevisioninUSSRsubjectedareas,conversely,isagovernmentownedandmaintainedarrangement），因此選項C“不需要商業(yè)支持”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“文章作者試圖告訴我們與古典的Bewitched相似的純娛樂節(jié)目……”。文章第三段提到“它也可能限制可供觀眾觀看的節(jié)目類型（然而，在這些由政府控制的網(wǎng)絡上，已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了一些類似經(jīng)典的《入迷》的純娛樂節(jié)目。與知情者可能不必要觀看的節(jié)目相比，這些節(jié)目沒有那么令人憂郁）”italsohasthepossibilityoflimitingthetypeofprogramsavailabletoviewers(anumberofpurelyentertainmentprogramssimilartotheclassic“Bewitched”,however,havebeenseenonthesegovernmentcontrollednetworks.Allisn’tasgrayanddismalastheuninformedmightunnecessarilyvisualize)，因此選項D符合題意。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。題目問的是“作者對于電視節(jié)目的態(tài)度是……”。文章對電視節(jié)目各種好處進行了敘述，最后一段提到“這表明視頻與電視的有很多還未被開發(fā)的用途，這些用途可能很快地在更廣泛的基礎上被開發(fā)出來”（Thisindicatesthemanyuntappedareasofvideoandtelevisionwhichmaysoonbeexploitedonamorewidespreadbasis），選項A“積極的”符合題意。

2.單選題

Whenwewatchaplayorafilm,weallrealizethatthecharactersaresometimes（

）.

問題1選項

A.imaginative

B.imaginable

C.imagined

D.imaginary

【答案】D

【解析】imaginative富于想象的，有創(chuàng)造力的；imaginable可想象到的；imagined想象的，構(gòu)想的；imaginary虛構(gòu)的，假想的。句意：當我們看戲劇或電影時，我們都知道角色有時是虛構(gòu)的，選項D符合句意。

3.單選題

Thefuelofthecontinentalmissileissupposedtobe（

）bythisdevice.

問題1選項

A.ignited

B.lighted

C.fired

D.inspired

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。ignite多用于指用火花使易燃物迅速燃燒起來；light指易燃物發(fā)光；fire指將某物點燃，使其燃燒；而inspire則強調(diào)靈感。句意：大陸導彈的燃料應該是由這個裝置點燃的。選項A符合題意。

4.單選題

Therearenotmanyteacherswhoarestrong（

）oftraditionalmethodsinEnglishteaching.

問題1選項

A.sponsors

B.contributors

C.advocates

D.performers

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。Sponsor“贊助者”；contributor“捐贈者”；advocate“倡導者，支持者”；performer“表演者”。句意：很多老師都不再強烈倡導傳統(tǒng)英語教學法了。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

Judgingbythebookssold,thisyoungwriterseemstohaveastrong______overthereadingpublic.

問題1選項

A.personality

B.disgust

C.antipathy

D.hold

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項personality“個性，品格”，B項disgust“厭惡，嫌惡”，指對某事物的強烈厭惡或不贊成的感覺，C項antipathy“反感，厭惡，憎惡”，指對某人或某事強烈的反感，D項hold“控制，影響，保留”。由Judgingbythebookssold“從售出的書來判斷”可知，haveastrong______overthereadingpublic中的空格處表示“影響”符合語境。句意：從售出的書來看，這位年輕作家似乎對讀者有很強的影響力。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

6.單選題

Successatlanguageis（）ofintelligence.

問題1選項

A.amorematterofapplicationthan

B.amattermoreofapplicationthan

C.amatterofapplicationmorethan

D.moreamatterofapplicationthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意:語言的成功與其說是智力問題，不如說是應用問題。

語法題?？疾楸容^結(jié)構(gòu)。amatterof“事關(guān)……的事”，四個選項中，只有D項符合正確表達。

7.單選題

Theirnewpolicygave______toincreasedunemployment.

問題1選項

A.arise

B.arouse

C.raise

D.rise

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項arise“產(chǎn)生；發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)（常用于抽象事物）”；B選項arouse“引起；喚醒；鼓勵；激發(fā)”；C選項raise“提高；籌集；養(yǎng)育；升起；飼養(yǎng)，種植”（及物動詞，表示把某具體事物抬起高處或提高某抽象事物）；D選項rise“攀升；起床；升起；休會；（數(shù)量）增加；變得更成功”（使用范圍廣，既用于具體事物的“上升、增長”，又用于抽象事物的“上漲”）。根據(jù)固定搭配giveriseto“引起；導致；造成；產(chǎn)生”可知句意為：他們的新政策導致更多人失業(yè)。因此D選項正確。

8.單選題

Low-levelslash-and-burnfarmingdoesn'tharmrain-forest.Onthecontrary,ithelpsfarmersandimprovesforestsoils.ThisistheunorthodoxviewofaGermansoilscientistwhohasshownthatburntclearingsintheAmazon,datingbackmorethan1,000years,helpedcreatepatchesofrich,fertilesoilthatfarmersstillbenefitfromtoday.

Mostrain-forestsoilsarethinandpoorbecausetheylackmineralsandbecausetheheatandheavyrainfalldestroymostorganicmatterinthesoilswithinfouryearsofitreachingtheforestfloor.Thismeanstopsoilcontainsfewoftheingredientsneededforlong-termsuccessfulfanning.

ButBrunoGlaser,asoilscientistoftheUniversityofBayreuth,hasstudiedunexpectedpatchesoffertilesoilsinthecentralAmazon.Thesesoilscontainlotsoforganicmatter.Glaserhasshownthatmostofthisfertileorganicmattercomesfrom"blackcarbon"——theorganicparticlesfromcampfiresandcharred（燒成炭的）woodleftoverfromthousandsofyearsofslash-and-burnfanning.“Thesoils,knownasTerraPreta,containedupto70timesmoreblackcarbonthanthesurroundingsoil，”saysGlaser.Unbumtvegetationrotsquickly,butblackcarbonpersistsinthesoilformanycenturies.RadiocarbondatingshowsthatthecharredwoodinTerraPretasoilsistypicallymorethan1,000yearsold.

“Slash-and-burnfarmingcanbegoodforsoilsprovideditdoesn’tcompletelyburnallthevegetation,andleavesbehindcharredwood,”saysGlaser.“Itcanbebetterthanmanure（糞肥）Burningtheforestjustoncecanleavebehindenoughblackcarbontokeepthesoilfertileforthousandsofyears.Andrain-forestseasilyregrowaftersmall-scaleclearing.Contrarytotheconventionalviewthathumanactivitiesdamagetheenvironment,Glasersays:“BlackcarboncombinedwithhumanwastesisresponsiblefortherichnessofTerraPretasoils.”

TerraPretasoilsturnupinlargepatchesallovertheAmazon,wheretheyarehighlyprizedbyfanners.Allthepatchesfallwithin500squarekilometersinthecentralAmazon.Glasersaysthewidespreadpresenceofpotteryconfirmsthesoil’shumanorigins.ThefindingsaddweighttothetheorythatlargeareasoftheAmazonhaverecoveredsowellfrompastperiodsofagriculturalusethattheregrowthhasbeenmistakenbygenerationsofbiologistsfor“virgin”forest.Duringthepastdecade,researchershavediscoveredhundredsoflargeearthworksdeepinthejungle.Theyareupto20metershighandcoveruptoasquarekilometer.Glaserclaimsthattheseearthworks,builtbetweenAD400and1400,wereattheheartofurbancivilizations.NowitseemstherichnessoftheTerraPretasoilsmayexplainhowsuchcivilizationsmanagedtofeedthemselves.

1.Welearnfromthepassagethatthetraditionalviewofslash-and-burnfarmingisthat（

）.

2.Mostrain-forestsoilsarethinandpoorbecause

（

）.

3.Glasermadehisdiscoveryby

（

）.

4.WhatdoesGlasersayabouttheregrowthofrain-forests?

5.Fromthepassageitcanbeinferredthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.itdoesnoharmtothetopsoiloftherain-forest

B.itdestroysrainforestsoils

C.ithelpsimproverain-forestsoils

D.itdiminishestheorganicmatterinrain-forestsoils

問題2選項

A.thecompositionofthetopsoilisratherunstable

B.blackcarboniswashedawaybyheavyrains

C.organicmatterisquicklylostduetoheatandrain

D.long-termfarminghasexhaustedtheingredientsessentialtoplantgrowth

問題3選項

A.studyingpatchesoffertilesoilsinthecentralAmazon

B.examiningpotteryleftoverbyancientcivilizations

C.test-burningpatchesoftreesinthecentralAmazon

D.radiocarbon-datingingredientscontainedinforestsoils

問題4選項

A.Theytakecenturiestoregrowafterbeingburnt.

B.Theycannotrecoverunlessthevegetationisburntcompletely.

C.Theirregrowthwillbehamperedbyhumanhabitation.

D.Theycanrecovereasilyafterslash-and-burnfarming.

問題5選項

A.humanactivitieswilldogravedamagetorain-forests

B.Amazonrain-forestsoilsusedtobetherichestintheworld

C.farmingisresponsibleforthedestructionoftheAmazonrain-forests

D.thereonceexistedanurbancivilizationintheAmazonrain-forests

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。由題干可知，我們需要找的是“thetraditionalviewofslash-and-burnfarming對于刀耕火種的傳統(tǒng)觀點”，這一信息出現(xiàn)在文章第一段“Low-levelslash-and-burnfarmingdoesn'tharmrain-forest.Onthecontrary,ithelpsfarmersandimprovesforestsoils.低水平的刀耕火種并不會損害雨林。相反，它有助于農(nóng)民和改善森林土壤?！蔽闹谐霈F(xiàn)了onthecontrary就說明出現(xiàn)了觀點對比，且后面補充說到“Thisistheunorthodoxview這是一種非正統(tǒng)的觀點”因此本句就是與傳統(tǒng)觀點相悖的地方。由此推出傳統(tǒng)觀點“刀耕火種會損害雨林”。B選項“它破壞雨林土壤”符合題意。

2.事實細節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵信息“thinandpoor薄且貧瘠”定位到文章第二段第一句“Mostrain-forestsoilsarethinandpoorbecausetheylackmineralsandbecausetheheatandheavyrainfalldestroymostorganicmatterinthesoilswithinfouryearsofitreachingtheforestfloor.大多數(shù)雨林土壤都很貧瘠，因為它們?nèi)狈ΦV物質(zhì)，而且高溫和強降雨會在土壤中的大部分有機物到達森林地面后的四年內(nèi)將其破壞?！币虼嗽蛟谟诟邷睾蛷娊涤陼雇寥乐杏袡C物質(zhì)迅速流失，這一點與C選項同義。

3.事實細節(jié)題。Glaser的研究結(jié)論由何而來，由題干定位到第三段第一句“ButBrunoGlaser,asoilscientistoftheUniversityofBayreuth,hasstudiedunexpectedpatchesoffertilesoilsinthecentralAmazon.但是，拜羅伊特大學的土壤科學家布魯諾?格拉澤(BrunoGlaser)研究了亞馬遜中部出人意料的肥沃土壤?！闭f明Glaser是研究了亞馬遜中部意外發(fā)現(xiàn)的肥沃土壤才有了上述結(jié)論，因此A選項“研究亞馬遜中部的肥沃土壤”正確。

4.觀點態(tài)度題。題干關(guān)鍵信息“theregrowthofrain-forests雨林的再生”出現(xiàn)在文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句“Andrain-forestseasilyregrowaftersmall-scaleclearing.雨林在小規(guī)模的清理后很容易再生。”對比四個選項發(fā)現(xiàn)D選項“在刀耕火種后，他們很容易恢復?！狈衔囊?。

5.判斷推理題。A選項“人類活動將對熱帶雨林造成嚴重破壞”不符合文意，本文只是論述“刀耕火種創(chuàng)造的肥沃土壤使亞馬遜中的文明得以存在”這一觀點；B選項“亞馬遜雨林的土壤曾經(jīng)是世界上最肥沃的”文中并未提及；C選項“農(nóng)業(yè)對亞馬遜雨林的破壞負有責任”不屬于文章論述的主要觀點；D選項“在亞馬遜雨林中曾經(jīng)存在著一種城市文明”出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段，研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)亞馬遜雨林中存在陶器及上百座大土方，推知古代在這里存在過人類文明。因此D選項正確。

9.問答題

Neverbeforehasflyingbeensocontroversial.Inthespaceoftwoyears,theenvironmentaldamagedonebyplaneshasgonefrombeingsomethingquietlydiscussedbyscientistsandcommittedenvironmentalists,toaheadline-grabbingissuenoonecanignore.

Eventhosewhoflyonceortwiceayearonholidaycan’thelpbutfeelagrowingsenseofguilt,whilethoseoptingfortripsbycar,trainorferryhaveaself-righteousspringintheirsteps.

(1)Now,however,thebacklashisbeginning.Thetourismandaviationindustriesaremobilizing,andpointingoutsomeawkwardfacts.Didyouknowthatsomeferriesemitfarmorecarbondioxidethansomeplanes?Thatdrivingcanreleasetwiceasmuchcarbonasflying?AnewreportfromBalpa,thepilot’sunion,evenclaimsthatplanescanbebetterthantrain.

(2)WhiletherearethecampaignerswhoplottheircampatHeathrowtoprotesttheairtravel,inKenyaplansarebeingdrawnupforaverydifferentcamp.LookingoutfromacliffoverthedesertsofSamburulandisastunninghotel,theO1MaloEco-Lodge.Revenuefromthesmallnumberofvisitingtouristshasallowedthe5,000acresaroundittobetransformedfromover-grazedcattleranchtoaconservationsite.MoreimpressivestillistheO1Maloeyeproject.Upto80percentofadultsintheareasuffersightloss,sotheO1MaloTrustrunsregularsurgicalcamps,bringingdoctorsfromtheUKtotreatthem.InJanuary,thecampgave102peoplebacktheirsight.“It’sverysimple—allofourvisitorsflyhere,”saidJuliaFrancombe,thefounder.“Iftheystoppedcoming,itwouldkillus.”

Onethingonwhichallsidesagreeisthataviationisbooming,soitbecomescrucialtodevelopnewandlesspollutingaircraft.Airbus’sclaimthatitcansavetheworldwiththeA380maybefar-fetched,butits(3)“gentlegiant”planeisfarmoreefficientandquieterthanthoseof20yearsago.

Someenvironmentalists,however,scorntheseadvances,sayingsuchmeasuresarea(4)“delusion.”“Theaviationindustryislikelytovastlyoverstatethegainsthatcanbemadefromtechnologicalimprovementsbutsadlyaclimatefriendlyplaneisn’tonthehorizon,”saysEmilyArmisteadofGreenpeace.

(5)Sothequestionis:whodoyoubelieve?

【答案】答：

1.Thepollutioncausedbyothertraffictoolsisbeginningtoincrease.

2.Ononehand,campaignerswhoplottheircampinEnglandaimtoagainsttheairtravel;Ontheotherhand,theothercampsinKenyademonstratethenecessityofflying.

3.bassandlarge-scale

4.vainattempttowardairpollutantproblems

5.Thequestionistodecidewhichsidedoyousupport.

【解析】1.原句句意是：然而，現(xiàn)在反彈開始了。結(jié)合上下文句意分析，上文提到飛機造成環(huán)境破壞已經(jīng)成為了一個頭條新聞，而那些選擇開車、乘火車或渡輪旅行的人則有一種自以為是的春天；接著第三段提到一些渡輪排放的二氧化碳比一些飛機排放的要多得多，由此可知backlash指的是除飛機以外的交通工具污染開始得到人們的關(guān)注。故改寫為Thepollutioncausedbyothertraffictoolsisbeginningtoincrease（其他交通工具造成的污染也開始增加）。

2.原句句意是：雖然有一些活動人士在希思羅機場設立營地來抗議肯尼亞的航空旅行，在肯尼亞，人們正在制定一個截然不同的營地計劃。希思羅機場是英國的，所以可以將therearethecampaignerswhoplottheircampatHeathrow改寫為campaignerswhoplottheircampinEngland（策劃在英國扎營的活動人士）；另外，肯尼亞的人們制定一個截然不同的營地計劃，通過“averydifferent”可知，這個計劃是和抗議肯尼亞的航空旅行相反的，所以inKenyaplansarebeingdrawnupforaverydifferentcamp可以改寫為theothercampsinKenyademonstratethenecessityofflying（肯尼亞的其他營地證明了飛行的必要性）。

3.這一句的句意是：空客聲稱它可以用A380拯救世界的說法可能有些牽強，但是它的“溫柔的巨型”飛機比20年前的飛機效率更高，噪音更小。Gentlegiant帶引號，這是一種比喻的說法，是用來修飾后面的plane（飛機），gentle原意是“溫和的”，根據(jù)語境這里是表示“噪音小，聲音低”，giant原意是“巨大的”，這里是表示飛機“體積大”，所以改寫為bassandlarge-scale（低音和大規(guī)模）。

4.這一句的句意是：然而，一些環(huán)保主義者鄙視這些進步，稱這些措施是一種“妄想”。由此可知delusion表示“妄想”，所以可以改寫為vainattempt（妄想）；另外為了細化句子的意思，添加towardairpollutantproblems（針對空氣污染問題）用來起補充說明的作用。

5.原句句意是：所以問題是：你相信誰？這一句是文章的總結(jié)句，整篇文章就飛機造成環(huán)境污染的問題的爭論，對正反兩個陣營進行闡述，最后一句的意思就是“你支持哪一種說法”，所以可以改寫為Thequestionistodecidewhichsidedoyousupport（問題是你決定支持哪一方）。

10.單選題

Inspiteofmyrepeatedapologies,sheneverforgavemeformy（

）herprivateaffairs.

問題1選項

A.potentialfor

B.expertiseof

C.intrusioninto

D.injectioninto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項potentialfor“有……潛能/可能”；B選項expertiseof“……專業(yè)技能/知識”；C選項intrusioninto“侵入，侵犯，侵擾”；D選項injectioninto“注射，注入”。由privateaffairs（隱私）可知C選項符合邏輯搭配。句意：盡管我一再道歉，但她不會原諒我侵犯了她的隱私。

11.單選題

Afternewspaperreportsclaimedthecompanywasdumpingtoxicwasteillegally.Itcameunder（）fromtheauthorities.

問題1選項

A.insult

B.solitude

C.nuisance

D.scrutiny

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項insult“侮辱”；B選項solitude“孤獨”；C選項nuisance“損害”；D選項scrutiny“詳細審查”。句意：在報紙報道這家公司非法傾倒有毒廢料之后，它受到了當局的審查。本句表示公司受到審查。因此D選項正確。

12.單選題

2.

問題1選項

A.Takeaholidayfromwork.

B.Worrylessaboutwork.

C.Takesomesleepingpills.

D.Workhardertoforgetallhertrouble.

【答案】B

【解析】W:IsthereanythingelseIcandotohelpmesleeptonight?

M:Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork.Iknow,Iknow,easiersaidthandone.

W:ShouldIstayhomefromwork?

M:No,Idon’tthinkthat’snecessary,justremembertostaycalm.

Q:Whatdidthedoctorsuggestthewomando?

【解析】細節(jié)題。醫(yī)生建議：Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsofwork（少想工作），故選B。

13.單選題

Whenhecameouttothelobbytohelpusfindataxiaswewereabouttoheadforthe

airport,wethankedhimforallthehelpshehadgivenusduringourstayandinvited

himtolookusupinShanghaiifheeverfoundhimselfthere.

問題1選項

A.aswewereabouttoheadfor

B.helpshehadgivenus

C.lookusupin

D.everfoundhimselfthere.

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。名詞的數(shù)誤用。Helps改為help。Help表示“幫助”時,是不可數(shù)名詞。

14.單選題

Ahumanbeingisquitea______creature,fortheglossofrationalitythatcovershisorherfearsandinsecurityisthinandofteneasilybreached.

問題1選項

A.ludicrous

B.logical

C.frail

D.valiant

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項ludicrous“滑稽的，荒唐的”，B項logical“邏輯的”，C項frail“脆弱的，虛弱的”，D項valiant“英勇的，勇敢的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thin“薄的，瘦的”和easilybreached“很容易被打破”，可知填入C項符合語境。句意：人類是一種非常脆弱的生物，因為掩蓋恐懼和不安全感的理性外表很薄弱，而且經(jīng)常很容易被打破。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

15.單選題

InItaly,itisgoodmannersforaman[A]togreetanothermanwithanembraceandakiss[B]oneverycheek.[C]NotsoinSouthTexas,wheremenstand3feetapartand[D]at90degreeanglestoconversewithoneanother.Allcultureshaverulesandifyouviolatethem,youwillbeexcluded.

問題1選項

A.greetanotherman

B.oneverycheek

C.NotsoinSouthTexas

D.at90degreeangles

【答案】B

【解析】考查代詞用法。B選項中的every指三個或以上的人或事物的全體，而一個人的臉頰只有兩邊，應將every改為each。

16.單選題

Inlateautumnswallowsflysouthtomuchwarmerlands,wheretheycanfindplentyofthesmallflyinginsectsonwhichthey（

）.

問題1選項

A.arefed

B.eat

C.rely

D.feed

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。feedon“以…為食”，燕子以飛蟲為食，兩者之間是主動的關(guān)系，故排除A。句意：在晚秋時節(jié)，小燕子向南飛向更暖和的地方，在那里它們能找到許多可以當作食物的小飛蟲。答案D

17.單選題

Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsscientistscontinuetoexperimentandobserveuntiltheyareprovedordiscredited.Theexactstatusofanyexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisarmedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes—forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredtoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationsofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveryofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago;however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

46.Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit______.

47.Purescience,leadingtotheconstructionofamicroscope,______.

48.Ascientistinterestedinaddingtoourgeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycallhisapproach______.

49.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorimply?

50.Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.

問題1選項

A.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

B.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

C.thestudyofunrelatedfields

D.classifiedknowledge

問題2選項

A.mayleadtoantiscientific,impureresults

B.necessarilyprecedesappliedscience,leadingtothediscoveryofacell

C.isnotalwaysaspureaswesuppose

D.necessarilyresultsfromappliedscienceandthediscoveryofacell

問題3選項

A.appliedscience

B.agriculturalscience

C.purescience

D.environmentalscience

問題4選項

A.Scientistsengagedintheoreticalresearchshouldnotbeblamedforignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries.

B.Todayfewpeoplehaveanynotionsofthemeaningofscience.

C.Inscience,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishfactfromfiction.

D.Practical-mindedpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningandobjectivesofpurescience.

問題5選項

A.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

B.BiologyandtheScientificAge

C.HypothesesandTheories

D.OnDistinguishingFactfromFiction

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“要定義科學，我們可以簡單地把科學稱之為……”。第一段最后一句提到Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge(facts).（為了使解釋盡可能簡單，假設科學被定義為分類的知識），由此可知D項“分類的知識”正確。A項“對不相關(guān)學科的研究”，原文未提及，A項不選。B項“解釋自然現(xiàn)象的一種嘗試”，第二段第四句提到Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.（例如，假設和理論是試圖解釋自然現(xiàn)象），因此B項錯誤。C項“對不相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究”，原文也未提及，C項錯誤。因此該題選D。

47.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“導致了顯微鏡問世的純科學是……”。文章中最后一段最后兩句指出oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopurescienceisnotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.（我們應該記住，顯微鏡的構(gòu)造必須先于細胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)；許多獻身于純科學的科學家并沒有因為忽視了他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的實用性而感到抱歉；他們從經(jīng)驗中知道，大多數(shù)知識最終都會得到應用），由此可知顯微鏡的問世是先于細胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)，且純科學先于應用科學，故B項“必然先于應用科學，導致細胞的發(fā)現(xiàn)”正確，由此可知D項“這是應用科學和細胞發(fā)現(xiàn)的必然結(jié)果”是不正確的。A項“可能導致反科學、不純的結(jié)果”和C項“并不總是像我們想象的那樣純粹”文中都沒有提及。因此該題選B。

48.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“一個對擴展我們關(guān)于氧氣的一般知識感興趣的科學家可能會稱他的方法為……”。根據(jù)第四段Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisarmedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurposes（實際上，發(fā)現(xiàn)新信息有兩種基本方法。一種旨在滿足好奇心，被稱為純科學；另一種則是將知識用于特定目的。）可以推斷，對于擴展我們關(guān)于氧氣的一般知識感興趣的科學家的方法是一種純科學，因此C項“純科學”符合題意。A項“應用科學”錯誤；B項“農(nóng)業(yè)科學”和D項“環(huán)境科學”文中都沒有提到。因此該題選C。

49.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者暗示了下列哪一種說法？”。文章最后一句話提到Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.（許多獻身于純科學的科學家并沒有因為忽視了他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的實用性而感到抱歉；他們從經(jīng)驗中知道，大多數(shù)知識最終都會得到應用。），由此可知從事理論研究的科學家不應該因忽視其發(fā)現(xiàn)的應用而受到責備，因為大多數(shù)的理論最終都能得到應用，故A項“從事理論研究的科學家不應該因為忽視他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的實用方面而受到指責”正確。B項“今天很少有人對科學的意義有任何概念”，文章首句提到Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.（“科學”這個詞在現(xiàn)代社會被如此頻繁地聽到，以至于幾乎每個人都對它的含義有一些概念），由此可知B項錯誤。C項“在科學上，區(qū)分事實和虛構(gòu)并不難”，第二段第一句提到Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.（即使在真正的科學中，區(qū)分事實和虛構(gòu)也并不總是容易的），可知C項錯誤。D項“務實的人能夠理解純科學的意義和目的”，最后一段第一句提到Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.（有時，注重實際的人忽視了純科學的意義，只想到它能立即應用于經(jīng)濟回報。）可知，D項也錯誤。因此該題選A。

50.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標題是什么？”。從文章大意中可知，全文都在圍繞科學在每個人心中的定義與重視理論與實踐的科學家進行論述，故A項“科學的本質(zhì)與科學家”更能概括全文。B項“生物學和科學時代”，文章只在第三段提到了生物學；C項“假設和理論”只是第二段的一個例子；D項“論區(qū)分事實與虛構(gòu)”只在第二段提到過。因此該題選A。

18.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjam,thecostofpetrolandthefastpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecomingdeplorable.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheel.Itisallverywell,again,tohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatter.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog（占道者）,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontot