考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-四川音樂(lè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

Threepassions,simplebutoverwhelminglystrong，havegovernedmylife—thelongingforlove，thesearchforknowledge,andtheunbearablepityforthesufferingofmankind.Thesepassions,likegreatwinds,haveblownmehitherandthither,inawaywardcourse,overadeepoceanofanguish,reachingtotheveryvergeofdespair.Ihavesoughtlove,first,becauseitbringsecstasy—ecstasysogreatthatIwouldoftenhavesacrificedalltherestoflivingforafewhoursofthisjoy.Ihavesoughtit,next,becauseitrelievesloneliness—thatterriblelonelinessinwhichoneshiveringconsciousnesslooksovertherimoftheworldintothecoldunfathomablelifelessabyss.

Ihavesoughtitfinally，becauseintheunionofloveIhaveseentheprefiguringvisionoftheheaventhatsaintsandpoetshaveimagined.ThisiswhatIsought,andthoughitmightseemtoogoodforhumanlife,atlast.Ihavefound.

Onefairlycommonreasonisthatparentsoverindulgetheirchildrenoutofasenseofguilt.

Parentswhobothholddownfull-timejobsmayfeelguiltyabouttheamountoftimetheyspendawayfromtheirchildrenandmayattempttocompensatebyshoweringthemwithmaterialpossessions.Otherparentsoverindulgebecausetheywanttheirchildrentohaveeverythingtheyhadwhilegrowingup,alongwiththosethingstheparentsyearnedforbutdidn’tget.Stillothersareafraidtosaynototheirchildren’sendlessrequestsfortoysforfearthattheirchildrenwillfeelunlovedorwillberidiculediftheydon’thavethesameplaythingstheirfriendshave.

TheBritisharethemostvoraciousnewspaperreadersintheworld.Theyreadnewspapersatbreakfast:theywalktothebusreadinganewspaper:theyreadnewspaperonthebus,astheygotowork:andonthewaybackhome,afterwork,theyareengrossedinaneveningnewspaper.Therearemanymorningpapers,bothnationalandprovincial.ThemostfamousisTheTimes.Contrarytowhatmanyforeignersbelieve,thisisnotagovernmentnewspaper.Thevariousnewspapersusuallyhavetheirownviewsonpolitics,buttheyarenotorgansofthepoliticalparties.BoldheadlinesandavarietyofphotographsarefeaturesofBritishpress.Somenewspapers,suchasthesoberDailyTelegraphandtheTimes,usephotographssparingly.Themore“popular”newspapers,suchastheDailyMail,andtheSun,usepicturesextensively.

【答案】（1）對(duì)愛(ài)的渴望，對(duì)知識(shí)的追求，對(duì)人類(lèi)苦難的難以承受的同情，是支配我一生的單純而強(qiáng)烈的三種感情。

（2）我最終找到了愛(ài)，因?yàn)樵趷?ài)的結(jié)合中，我看到了古今圣賢以及詩(shī)人們所夢(mèng)想的天堂，這正是我所追尋的人生境界。雖然它對(duì)一般的人類(lèi)生活也許太美好了，但這正是我透過(guò)愛(ài)情所得到的最終發(fā)現(xiàn)。

（3）全職工作的父母可能會(huì)為自己許多時(shí)間不在孩子的身邊而感到內(nèi)疚，從而可能通過(guò)給孩子買(mǎi)大量東西來(lái)補(bǔ)償。

（4）英國(guó)人是世界上最如饑似渴的讀者。在吃早飯時(shí)，在去趕公交車(chē)的路上，在去上班的公交車(chē)上他們都讀報(bào)，而在下班回家的路上，他們會(huì)全神貫注地讀晚報(bào)。

（5）不同的報(bào)紙通常有自己的政治觀點(diǎn)，但他們不是政治黨派的人。醒目的標(biāo)題和各種各樣的照片是英國(guó)新聞界的特色。

2.單選題

NomanhasbeenmoreharshlyjudgedthanMachiavelli,especiallyinthetwocenturiesfollowinghisdeath.Buthehassincefoundmanyablechampionsandthetidehasturned.Theprincehasbeentermedamanualfortyrants,theeffectofwhichhasbeenmostharmful.ButwereMachiavelli’sdoctrinesreallynew?Didhediscoverthem?Hemerelyhadthefranknessandcouragetowritedownwhateverybodywasthinkingandwhateverybodyknew.Hemerelygivesustheimpressionshehadreceivedfromalongandintimateintercoursewithprincesandtheaffairsofstate.ItwasLordBaconwhosaidthatMachiavellitellsuswhatprincesdo,notwhattheyoughttodo.WhenMachiavellitakesCaesarBorgiaasamodel,hedoesnotpraisehimasaheroatall,butmerelyasaprincewhowascapableofattainingtheendinview.Thelifeofthestatewastheprimaryobject.Itmustbemaintained.AndMachiavellihaslaiddowntheprinciples,baseduponhisstudyandwideexperience,bywhichthismaybeaccomplished.Hewrotefromtheviewpointofthepolitician—notofthemoralist.Whatisgoodpoliticsmaybebadmorals,andinfact,byastrangefatality,wheremoralsandpoliticsclash,thelattergenerallygetstheupperhand.AndwillanyonecontendthattheprinciplessetforthbyMachiavelliinhisPrinceorhisDiscourseshaveentirelyperishedfromtheearth?Hasdiplomacybeenentirelystrippedoffraudandduplicity?LetanyonereadthefamouseighteenthchapterofThePrince:“InwhatMannerPrincesshouldKeeptheirFaith.”andhewillbeconvincedthatwhatwastruenearlyfourhundredyearsago,isquiteastruetoday.

OftheremainingworksofMachiavellithemostimportantistheHistoryofFlorencewrittenbetween1521and1525,anddedicatedtoClementVII.ThisbookismerelyarapidreviewoftheMiddleAges,andaspartofitthehistoryofFlorence.Machiavelli’smethodhasbeencriticizedforadheringattimestoocloselytothechroniclersofhistime,andatothersrejectingtheirtestimonywithoutapparentreason,whileinitsdetailstheauthorityofhisHistoryisoftenquestionable.Itisthestraightforward,logicalnarrative,whichalwaysholdstheinterestofthereader,thatisthegreatestcharmoftheHistory.

36.Itcanbeinferredfromthebeginningofthetextthat______.

37.LordBacon’sremarksonMachiavelliisquotedas______.

38.InthecaseofCaesarBorgiatheauthorholdsthat______.

39.Accordingtotheauthor,apolitician’smorality______.

40.Theauthor’sopiniononMachiavelli’sHistoryofFlorenceisthat______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.manypeopleusedtothinkhighlyofMachiavelli

B.Machiavellihadbeenveryinfluentialamongtherulers

C.Machiavelliwaswidelyreadamonghiscontemporaries

D.Machiavellihasbeenatargetofcriticismthroughouthistory

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.asupportfortheauthor’sviewpoint

B.oneofthemainstreamviewonhim

C.ajudgmentinsupportofmostcritics

D.amodificationoftheauthor’spreviousstarts

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Machiavellihasbeenobjective

B.Machiavellirevealedhispersonality

C.CaesarBorgiawasadeservedmodel

D.MachiavelliovervaluedCaesarBorgia

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isnomatchforhispoliticalambition

B.hasbeenundervaluedbyMachiavelliandhislikes

C.isusuallyofsecondaryimportance

D.shouldbetakenasayardstickofhisinability

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.historyhasmuchtodowiththepersonwhorecordsit

B.thecharmliesinthestyleratherthaninthecontent

C.mostpeoplefailedtoreadMachiavelli’sintentioninit

D.anyhistoryofthiskindshouldbewritteninthisway

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】36.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一句N(xiāo)omanhasbeenmoreharshlyjudgedthanMachiavelli,especiallyinthetwocenturiesfollowinghisdeath.（沒(méi)人比馬基雅維利所遭受的批判更嚴(yán)酷了，尤其是在他死后的兩個(gè)世紀(jì)以?xún)?nèi)。），說(shuō)明馬基雅維利在歷史上一直都是人們批判的對(duì)象。因此D選項(xiàng)“馬基雅維利在歷史上一直是被批判的對(duì)象”正確。A選項(xiàng)“過(guò)去很多人對(duì)馬基雅維利的評(píng)價(jià)很高”，B選項(xiàng)“馬基雅維利在統(tǒng)治者中的影響很大”，C選項(xiàng)“馬基雅維利在同時(shí)代人中閱讀量很大”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B，C錯(cuò)誤。

37.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。作者在說(shuō)明馬基雅維利一直受到嚴(yán)厲批判后指出Buthehassincefoundmanyablechampionsandthetidehasturned.（但是，他從此鑄造了許多能干的斗士，潮流也從此逆轉(zhuǎn)了。），接著說(shuō)《君主論》成了暴君的指南，后果極其有害。然后，作者提出了兩個(gè)問(wèn)題并進(jìn)行了回答，提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)：馬基雅維利的觀點(diǎn)并非獨(dú)創(chuàng)，他只是將自己的印象記錄下來(lái)，敢于將大家都知道的東西寫(xiě)下來(lái)而已。接著引用培根的話ItwasLordBaconwhosaidthatMachiavellitellsuswhatprincesdo,notwhattheyoughttodo.（馬基雅維利告訴我們君主所做的事，而不是他們應(yīng)該做的事。），說(shuō)明馬基雅維利只是告訴人們君主所做的事情，而非君主應(yīng)當(dāng)如何去做。這和作者的觀點(diǎn)是一致的，作者引用的目的是為了支持自己的觀點(diǎn)。因此A選項(xiàng)“是對(duì)作者觀點(diǎn)的支持”正確。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)他的主流觀點(diǎn)之一”，C選項(xiàng)“支持大多數(shù)批評(píng)者的判斷”，D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)作者上文的開(kāi)頭進(jìn)行了修改”均不符合作者的行文邏輯，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

38.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。在第一段中作者舉了凱撒?博魯吉亞的例子，說(shuō)明hedoesnotpraisehimasaheroatall,butmerelyasaprincewhowascapableofattainingtheendinview.（他完全沒(méi)有把他贊美成英雄，而是僅僅說(shuō)他作為一個(gè)君主，能夠達(dá)到自己想要的目的。），“英雄”是主觀看法，“君主”是客觀事實(shí)，說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為馬基雅維利是客觀記述而不是主觀判斷。所以A選項(xiàng)“馬基雅維利的觀點(diǎn)是客觀的”正確。B選項(xiàng)“馬基雅維利揭示了自己的個(gè)性”，C選項(xiàng)“凱撒?博魯吉亞是當(dāng)之無(wú)愧的楷?！?，D選項(xiàng)“馬基雅維利高估了凱撒?博魯吉亞的價(jià)值”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以B，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

39.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第四句Whatisgoodpoliticsmaybebadmorals,andinfact,byastrangefatality,wheremoralsandpoliticsclash,thelattergenerallygetstheupperhand.（政治上的好事從道德方面看可能是壞事，事實(shí)上很奇怪的是，當(dāng)?shù)赖潞驼伟l(fā)生沖突時(shí)，往往后者會(huì)占據(jù)上風(fēng)。），說(shuō)明政治家往往會(huì)認(rèn)為政治比道德更重要。因此C選項(xiàng)“道德通常是次要的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“與他的政治野心不相稱(chēng)”，B選項(xiàng)“被馬基雅維利及其同類(lèi)人低估了價(jià)值”，D選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)作為衡量他是否有能力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

40.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Itisthestraightforward,logicalnarrative,whichalwaysholdstheinterestofthereader,thatisthegreatestcharmoftheHistory.（它直接的、有邏輯的敘述常常能引起讀者的興趣，這就是他這本書(shū)的魅力所在。），說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為這本書(shū)的魅力之處在于它的敘述風(fēng)格。因此B選項(xiàng)“魅力在于風(fēng)格而不在于內(nèi)容”正確。A選項(xiàng)“歷史與記錄歷史的人有很大的關(guān)系”，C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人沒(méi)有讀懂馬基雅維利在其中的意圖”，D選項(xiàng)“任何這類(lèi)歷史都應(yīng)該這樣寫(xiě)”在文中均沒(méi)有提及，所以A，C，D錯(cuò)誤。

3.單選題

（

）isknowntotheworld,MarkTwinisagreatAmericanwriter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.That

B.Which

C.As

D.It

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定用法。Asisknownto…“眾所周知”。句意：眾所周知，馬克吐溫是一位偉大的美國(guó)作家。故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.翻譯題

TheInternet,oncethedomainofeducationandgovernment,hassuddenlyexplodedintothecommercialsector.Fromthiswewillwitnessdramaticchangesinthewayweworkandthesystemswewilluse.JavawillhaveaveryimportantroletoplayinthisdigitalrevolutionallowingexecutablecontentthataresafetotraverseandridetheInternetontoourdesktops.Arich,interactive,three-dimensional“SecondWeb”isexpectedtoevolvewhichwillhelptoattractalargeraudiencethantoday’stwo-dimensionaltext-picturesmodel.

NewtechnologiesarealreadybeginningtotransformtheWorldWideWebfromitscentricsystemtoonemoreliketherealworld-interactive,three-dimensionalandanimate.

“TheFirstWeb”isprimarilyamediumfordocumentaccess.Itisfundamentallyareadingexperiencewithbenefitsoftenexpressedinthesavingsachievedbyeliminatingpaper-basedprocesses.Asaresult,theWebappliestoalimitedpartofourlives.Ithasnotbecomeamassmediumforthehomeliketelephonesandtelevisionsets.

【答案】過(guò)去，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是教育和政府專(zhuān)用的，但是，現(xiàn)在它突然廣泛應(yīng)用于商業(yè)層面，由此，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的工作方式和使用的系統(tǒng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。JAVA語(yǔ)言在這場(chǎng)數(shù)字革命中起了重要的作用，它使可執(zhí)行文件可以通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全地傳送到我們的計(jì)算機(jī)中。很快，會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)更豐富，互動(dòng)的三維“第二代”網(wǎng)絡(luò)，與今天的二維文本圖像網(wǎng)絡(luò)相比，它能吸引更多的用戶(hù)。

新技術(shù)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始把萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)從以網(wǎng)頁(yè)為中心的系統(tǒng)變得更加真實(shí)，更加有立體感以及更加栩栩如生。

第一代網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一種以文件訪問(wèn)為主的媒介。它的主要用途是閱讀，優(yōu)點(diǎn)是消除了很多文字和材料工作，節(jié)省了費(fèi)用。因此，它在我們的生活中的應(yīng)用很小。它并沒(méi)有像電話的電視那樣成為一種大眾媒體。

5.單選題

Thedamageofhiscarwas（）；therefore,hecouldrepairithimself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appreciable

B.negligible

C.considerable

D.invisible

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：他的車(chē)損壞是

；因此，他自己能夠修好。

appreciable可感知的，可預(yù)見(jiàn)的；negligible可忽略的，微不足道的；considerable相當(dāng)大的；invisible看不見(jiàn)的，無(wú)形的。根據(jù)后半句“他能自己修好”推測(cè)說(shuō)明車(chē)子損壞不嚴(yán)重，故B項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Theelectricshaver（）beforeitcanbeused.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.needsrepairing

B.shouldbeinrepair

C.hastoberepairable

D.mustrepair

【答案】A

【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。electricshaver和repair是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，電動(dòng)刮胡刀只能被修。A選項(xiàng)need做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)若是物，動(dòng)詞則要用動(dòng)名詞或不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)，故A選項(xiàng)正確。B、C、D選項(xiàng)均沒(méi)有被動(dòng)意義。句意：電動(dòng)剃須刀需要修理才能使用。因此,本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Themagicianpicked（）severalfromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.byaccident

B.onoccasion

C.atrandom

D.onaverage

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。byaccident“偶然，意外地”；onoccasion“有時(shí)，偶爾”；atrandom“隨便地，隨機(jī)地，任意地”；onaverage“平均，普通”。魔術(shù)師應(yīng)該是隨機(jī)地挑選幾位觀眾來(lái)幫助他完成表演。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Anyhopeofafountainofyouthtostoppeoplefromgettingolderisalongwayoff,withsciencejustbeginningtounderstandthecomplexgenetic,physicalandhormonalcausesofaging.Butexpertssaidtherewereinterestingtargetsforstudy,includinggenesinvolvedinAlzheimer'sdisease,thehormoneDHEAandtheroleofexercisesinkeepingpeopleyoung.

StevenLambertsandcolleaguesnotedthatlevelsofDHEAweremuchlowerinolderpeople.OnestudyinadultsshowedtakingDHEAtablets“inducedaremarkableincreaseinperceivedphysicalandphysiologicalwellbeinginbothmenandwomenwithouthavinganeffectonsex”.OtherstudiesonratsshowedgivingthemDHEAcouldpreventobesityanddiabetes.Buttheysaidmuchmorestudywasneeded.

CableFinchandRudophTanzisaiditwasconceivablethatgeneticengineeringexperimentscouldtransfergenesfromonespeciestoanothertoalterlifespan.However,itseemsunlikelythatafewgenesdeterminethe25folddifferenceinlifespansbetweenratsandhumans.Aninstructiveexampleisthe10-folddifferenceinlifespansoffemaleworkerbeesandqueensofthesamegenotype,whichshowmuchsloweragingduringlifespansofmanyactiveyearsofeggproduction.Thedifference—whatthebeeswerefedasjuveniles.

OneinterestinggeneticcandidatewastheAPOEgene,mutationsofwhicharelinkedwithAlzheimer'sdisease.Oneversionofthisgenedoesseemtobelinkedwithlonglife,althoughmanymorestudiesareneeded.

Forthosewhodonotwanttowait,Lamberts'teamsaidexercisecanbekeytopreventingthefrailtythatagingbrings.Lossofmusclestrengthisanimportantfactorintheprocessoffrailty.Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowedasedentarylifestylegreatlycontributestothis.Supervisedresistanceexercisetrainingcoulddoublemusclestrengthandsignificantlyincreasegaitvelocityandstair-climbingpower.Thisdemonstratesthatfrailtyintheelderlyisnotanirreversibleeffectofaginganddiseaseandcanbereducedandperhapsevenprevented.

1.ThespecificpurposeofsettingAlzheimer'sdiseaseastheresearchtargetisto（）.

2.ThesecondparagraphimpliesthattakingDHEAtabletswould（）.

3.IntheexamplecitedbyFinchandTanzi,lifespanwasmostlikelyaffectedby（）.

4.Inthesentence“Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowed…”(inPara.5),thelastword“this”refersto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discoverawaytodecodeallthehumangenes

B.findoutsomethingaboutthegeneticcauseofaging

C.locatethefountainofyouthinhumanbodies

D.probeintotheroleofexerciseinretainingyouth

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.certainlymakepeopleyounger

B.helpyoulosesomeweight

C.promotenoincreaseinsexdrive

D.showlittlehealtheffectlikegreaterbodystrength

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.transferringcertaingenes

B.differentstrainsbetweenspecies

C.natureofone'slifelongwork

D.thedietonetakes

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.exercisetraining

B.preventionoffrailty

C.lossofmusclestrength

D.processofcuringthedisease.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.ThespecificpurposeofsettingAlzheimer’sdiseaseastheresearchtargetisto______.1.將阿爾茨海默病作為研究對(duì)象的具體目的是______。

A.discoverawaytodecodeallthehumangenesA.找到一種解碼所有人類(lèi)基因的方法

B.findoutsomethingaboutthegeneticcauseofagingB.找出導(dǎo)致衰老的遺傳原因

C.locatethefountainofyouthinhumanbodiesC.在人體中找到青春的源泉

D.probeintotheroleofexerciseinretainingyouthD.探討運(yùn)動(dòng)在保持青春中的作用

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容“一個(gè)有趣的候選基因是APOE基因，這種基因的突變與阿爾茨海默病有關(guān)。這種基因的一個(gè)版本似乎確實(shí)與長(zhǎng)壽有關(guān)，盡管還需要更多的研究?！保瑥闹锌芍?，APOE基因與長(zhǎng)壽有關(guān)，而該基因的變異與Alzheimer疾病有關(guān)。說(shuō)明阿爾茨海默病會(huì)造成衰老。所以阿爾茨海默病是為了找出衰老的基因，B項(xiàng)符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“找到一種解碼所有人類(lèi)基因的方法”中的all太夸張，曲解原文；

C項(xiàng)“在人體中找到青春的源泉”表述錯(cuò)誤，研究阿爾茨海默病是為了找出導(dǎo)致衰老的基因，而不是保持青春的基因，曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“探討運(yùn)動(dòng)在保持青春中的作用”與阿爾茨海默病研究無(wú)關(guān)，張冠李戴。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.ThesecondparagraphimpliesthattakingDHEAtabletswould______.2.第二段暗示服用脫氫表雄酮片劑______。

A.certainlymakepeopleyoungerA.當(dāng)然讓人更年輕

B.helpyoulosesomeweightB.幫助你減肥

C.promotenoincreaseinsexdriveC.不會(huì)增加性欲

D.showlittlehealtheffectlikegreaterbodystrengthD.會(huì)像增強(qiáng)身體力量一樣對(duì)健康沒(méi)有什么影響

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先定位至文章第二段，第二句提到“一項(xiàng)針對(duì)成年人的研究表明，服用脫氫表雄酮片可以顯著提高男性和女性的身體和生理健康水平（aremarkableincreaseinperceivedphysicalandphysiologicalwellbeing），但不會(huì)對(duì)性生活產(chǎn)生影響（withouthavinganeffectonsex）”，從中可知，服用脫氫表雄酮片對(duì)男女身心健康都有極大的促進(jìn)，但是對(duì)性生活沒(méi)什么影響，C項(xiàng)“不會(huì)增加性欲”符合原文。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然讓人更年輕”沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，無(wú)中生有；

B項(xiàng)“幫助你減肥”，第二段提到的是“注射脫氫表雄酮可以預(yù)防肥胖和糖尿病”，預(yù)防肥胖不代表可以幫助減肥，該項(xiàng)曲解原文；

D項(xiàng)“會(huì)像增強(qiáng)身體力量一樣對(duì)健康沒(méi)有什么影響”與原文不符，文中提到服用脫氫表雄酮片可以顯著提高身體健康，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.IntheexamplecitedbyFinchandTanzi,lifespanwasmostlikelyaffectedby______.3.在芬奇和坦齊引用的例子中，壽命最有可能受到______的影響。

A.transferringcertaingenesA.某些基因轉(zhuǎn)移

B.differentstrainsbetweenspeciesB.物種間的不同菌株

C.natureofone’slifelongworkC.一生工作性質(zhì)

D.thedietonetakesD.飲食

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段列舉的工蜂和蜂王的例子可知，蜂王在積極地大量產(chǎn)卵期間，生命老化得較慢；這也就是說(shuō)壽命受到終身工作的影響。C項(xiàng)“一生工作性質(zhì)”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“某些基因轉(zhuǎn)移”是基因工程的實(shí)驗(yàn)，與題干無(wú)關(guān)，張冠李戴；

B項(xiàng)“物種間的不同菌株”沒(méi)有提到，無(wú)中生有；

D項(xiàng)“飲食”，第二段最后一句提到“區(qū)別在于，蜜蜂幼年時(shí)吃的是什么”，根據(jù)常識(shí)，蜂王幼年時(shí)只吃蜂王漿，而工蜂幼年時(shí)吃花粉等其他蜜蜂食物，所以“蜜蜂幼年時(shí)吃的是什么”決定了它們?cè)谝院蟮墓ぷ髀殬I(yè)將是什么，歸根到底壽命的長(zhǎng)短還是受到終身工作的影響，該項(xiàng)只是解釋蜂王和工蜂的區(qū)別，與題干無(wú)關(guān)，張冠李戴。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Inthesentence“Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowed…”(Para.5),thelastword“this”refersto______.4.在第五段的“Onestudyinhomefortheelderlyshowed…”中，最后一個(gè)單詞“this”指的是______。

A.exercisetrainingA.運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練

B.preventionoffrailtyB.預(yù)防衰弱

C.lossofmusclestrengthC.肌力喪失

D.processofcuringthediseaseD.治療疾病的過(guò)程

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先，根據(jù)題干定位至第五段第三句“一項(xiàng)針對(duì)老年人的家庭研究表明，久坐的生活方式在很大程度上對(duì)此（this）起了極大作用”，結(jié)合上文“肌肉力量的喪失（Lossofmusclestrength）是衰弱過(guò)程中的一個(gè)重要因素”，從中可知，this指的就是上文提到的“肌肉力量的喪失（Lossofmusclestrength）”，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練”、B項(xiàng)“預(yù)防衰弱”和D項(xiàng)“治療疾病的過(guò)程”不符合上下文連接，曲解原文。

9.單選題

Hedoesnot___asateacherofEnglishashispronunciationisterrible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.equal

B.match

C.qualify

D.fit

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)equal“等于；比得上”；B選項(xiàng)match“相配，相稱(chēng)；相似；與……成對(duì)；配對(duì)；”；C選項(xiàng)qualify“限定，修飾；使具有資格；證明……合格”；D選項(xiàng)fit“安裝；使……適應(yīng)；使……合身；與……相符”。句意：他不能___英語(yǔ)教師的工作，因?yàn)樗陌l(fā)音很糟糕。本句表達(dá)“他沒(méi)有資格作為英語(yǔ)老師”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudentwithmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotofgoodlabsandresearchequipment.Butthat’snotwhatIdid.

Ichosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitythatdoesn’tevenofferamajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icamehereformorenoblereasons.Iwantedabroadeducationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren'tstudyingscienceorengineering.Myparents,teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem.

Iheadedofftocollege,feelingsureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”wheretheydidn'tcareifyouhadvaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.

NowI’mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleidealseventuallydo.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingtobalancemath,physicsandengineeringcourseswithliberal-artscourses,Ihavelearnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineeringstudentstrytoreconcileengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollege.

Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon’tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.Individuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferentways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcilethetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,engineeringstudentscan（

）.

2.Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected（）.

3.Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitybecausehe（）.

4.Theauthor’sexperienceshowsthathewas（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.becomenobleidealists

B.broadentheirhorizons

C.balanceengineeringandtheliberalarts

D.receiveguidanceintheircareers

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tobewiseandmature

B.tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevision

C.tohaveanexcellentacademicrecord

D.tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehim

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanist

B.wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationality

C.wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithliberalartscoursesincollege

D.intendedtobeasensiblestudentwithnobleideals

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.irrational

B.creative

C.unrealistic

D.ambitious

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“通過(guò)文科學(xué)生交流，工科學(xué)生能夠怎么樣？”文章第二段提到“我想通過(guò)與那些不學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)或工程的人交流來(lái)擴(kuò)展我的視野”(Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren'tstudyingscienceorengineering)，由此可知選項(xiàng)B“開(kāi)闊眼界”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“在作者看來(lái)，一個(gè)成功的工科學(xué)生應(yīng)該怎么樣？”文章第二段講述了作者為什么去一所小的文科學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)工科：希望獲得更靈活的教育；通過(guò)和那些文科生交流拓寬視野，從而成為一個(gè)集技術(shù)天才和敏感的人文主義于一身（Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone），因此，選項(xiàng)B“擁有開(kāi)闊眼界的技術(shù)天才”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者選擇去一所小的文科大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)工程的原因是什么？”文章第三段最后一句話提到“我要成為一個(gè)完整的工程師：集技術(shù)天才和敏感的人文主義于一身”(Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone),由此可知選項(xiàng)A“想要成為工程師與人文主義者的結(jié)合”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。題目問(wèn)的是“作者的經(jīng)歷說(shuō)明他是個(gè)什么樣的人？”文章提到nobleidealscrashedintoreality及therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudent，可以推斷作者選擇去文科學(xué)校學(xué)工科的行為都是理想主義，與現(xiàn)實(shí)不符，因此選項(xiàng)C“不實(shí)際的”符合題意。

11.翻譯題

人性的完整在于承認(rèn)自己的缺陷，勇敢地摒棄不現(xiàn)實(shí)的幻想而又不以此為缺憾。人性的完整還在于意識(shí)到自己能夠使悲劇性的人生繼續(xù)存在下去，能夠在失去親人后依然表現(xiàn)出完整的個(gè)人風(fēng)范。

當(dāng)我們承認(rèn)瑕疵是構(gòu)成人性的一部分，同時(shí)又能繼續(xù)在生活中不懈地奮斗，并大大贊美這樣的人生價(jià)值時(shí)，我們就會(huì)獲得其他人僅能期盼的完整人生。我相信這就是上帝對(duì)我們的要求：不求“完美”，也不求“永不犯錯(cuò)誤”，而是求得人性的“完整”。

【答案】【參考譯文】Thereisawholenesstohumannaturethatconsistsinadmittingourlimitations,inbeingbraveenoughtoletgoofunrealisticdreamsandnotfeellikeafailurefordoingso.Thereisawholenessaboutthemanorwomanwhohaslearnedthatheorsheisstrongenoughtogothroughatragedyandsurvive,canlosesomeoneandbestilllikeacompleteperson.

Whenweacceptthatimperfectionispartofbeinghuman,andwhenwecancontinuerollingthroughlifeandappreciateit,wewillhaveachievedawholenessthatotherscanonlyaspireto.That,Ibelieve,iswhatgodasksofus—not“beperfect”,not“donotevenmakeamistake”,but“bewhole”.

12.單選題

FamiliaritywithWesternweapons,theassistanceofEuropeanofficers,relianceuponsteamships,allgavehisarmygreatsuperiority（）theotherarmiesoftheperiod,includingthoseofthegovernment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.better

C.over

D.of

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配辨析。superiorityoversth.“比優(yōu)越；比……優(yōu)越”。句意：熟悉西方武器，歐洲官員的幫助以及蒸汽船的使用使得他的軍隊(duì)……當(dāng)時(shí)的包括政府軍隊(duì)在內(nèi)的其他軍隊(duì)。本句表達(dá)“他的軍隊(duì)比其他軍隊(duì)優(yōu)越”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Willallthose（

）theproposalraisetheirhands?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inrelationto

B.inexcessto

C.incontrastto

D.infavorof

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。inrelationto意為“與……相關(guān)”；inexcessto意為“超過(guò)”；incontrastto意為“與……對(duì)比鮮明，相比之下”；infavorof意為“贊成，支持”。

句意：支持這個(gè)提議的所有這些人都會(huì)舉手嗎？

14.單選題

Blusterywindsknockedoffhatsandrattledwindows,andtheadventurousboyswere（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.terrified

B.delighted

C.exclamatory

D.deceitful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。terrified恐懼的；delighted高興的，快樂(lè)的；exclamatory叫喊的；deceitful騙人的。句意：狂風(fēng)吹落了帽子，震得窗戶(hù)格格作響，那些大膽的孩子們覺(jué)得好玩。由theadventurousboys“喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的孩子”可知這些孩子喜歡這樣的場(chǎng)景，他們很開(kāi)心。

15.單選題

Toomuch（）toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disclosure

B.exhibition

C.contact

D.exposure

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disclosure“披露，揭發(fā)”；B選項(xiàng)exhibition“展覽，顯示”；C選項(xiàng)contact“接觸，聯(lián)系”；D選項(xiàng)exposure“暴露，曝光”。句意：過(guò)多暴露在X射線下會(huì)導(dǎo)致皮膚損傷、癌癥或其他身體損傷。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

16.單選題

To（

）importantdatesinhistory,countriescreatespecialholidays.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commend

B.memorize

C.propagate

D.commemorate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)commend“表?yè)P(yáng)，推薦”；B選項(xiàng)memorize“記憶，記住”；C選項(xiàng)propagate“傳播，繁殖”；D選項(xiàng)commemorate“紀(jì)念，慶?！?。根據(jù)importantdates（重要日期）可知D選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯。句意：為了紀(jì)念歷史上的重要日期，國(guó)家會(huì)設(shè)立特別假日。

17.單選題

Thisschoolpromisedtomakeclassessmallerandoffermoreindividualized（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentation

B.instruction

C.conviction

D.obligation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)presentation“展示，描述”，B項(xiàng)instruction“指令，命令，教導(dǎo)”，C項(xiàng)conviction“定罪，確信”，D項(xiàng)obligation“義務(wù)，職責(zé)”；根據(jù)句子語(yǔ)境“這所學(xué)校承諾縮小班級(jí)規(guī)模，提供更個(gè)性化的……”可知，只有B項(xiàng)符合。句意：這所學(xué)校承諾要縮小班級(jí)規(guī)模，提供更加個(gè)性化的教學(xué)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Weatheringisthebreakingdownofrocks,soilsandmineralsaswellasartificialmaterialsthroughcontactwiththeEarth'satmosphere,biotaandwaters.Weatheringoccursinsitu,or"withnomovement",andthusshouldnotbeconfusedwitherosion,whichinvolvesthemovementofrocksandmineralsbyagentssuchaswater,ice,snow,windandgravity.

Twoimportantclassificationsofweatheringprocessesexist-physicalandchemicalweathering.Mechanicalorphysicalweatheringinvolvesthebreakdownofrocksandsoilsthroughdirectcontactwithatmosphericconditions,suchasheat,water,iceandpressure.Thesecondclassification,chemicalweathering,involvesthedirecteffectofatmosphericchemicalsorbiologicallyproducedchemicals（alsoknownasbiologicalweathering）inthebreakdownofrocks,soilsandminerals.

Thematerialsleftoveraftertherockbreaksdowncombinedwithorganicmaterialcreatessoil.Themineralcontentofthesoilisdeterminedbytheparentmaterial,thusasoilderivedfromasinglerocktypecanoftenbedeficientinoneormoremineralsforgoodfertility,whileasoilweatheredfromamixofrocktypes（asinglacial,aeolianoralluvialsediments）oftenmakesmorefertilesoil.InadditionmanyofEarth'slandformsandlandscapesaretheresultofweatheringprocessescombinedwitherosionandre-deposition.

Chemicalweatheringchangesthecompositionofrocks,oftentransformingthemwhenwaterinteractswithmineralstocreatevariouschemicalreactions.Chemicalweatheringisagradualandongoingprocessasthemineralogyoftherockadjuststothenearsurfaceenvironment.Neworsecondarymineralsdevelopfromtheoriginalmineralsoftherock.Inthistheprocessesofoxidationandhydrolysisaremostimportant.

Theprocessofmountainblockupliftisimportantinexposingnewrockstratatotheatmosphereandmoisture,enablingimportantchemicalweatheringtooccur;significantreleaseoccursofCa++andothermineralsintosurfacewaters.

Rainfallisacidicbecauseatmosphericcarbondioxidedissolvesintherainwaterproducingweakcarbonicacid.Inunpollutedenvironments,therainfallPHisaround5.6.Acidrainoccurswhengasessuchassulfurdioxideandnitrogenoxidesarepresentintheatmosphere.TheseoxidesreactintherainwatertoproducestrongeracidsandcanlowerthePHto4.5oreven3.0.Sulfurdioxide,SO2,comesfromvolcaniceruptionsorfromfossilfuels,canbecomesulfuricacidwithinrainwater,whichcancausesolutionweatheringtotherocksonwhichitfalls.

Someminerals,duetotheirnaturalsolubility（e.g.evaporites）,oxidationpotential（iron-richminerals,suchaspyrite）,orinstabilityrelativetosurficialconditions（seeGoldichdissolutionseries）willweatherthroughdissolutionnaturally,evenwithoutacidicwater.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutweathering?

2.Soiliscreatedby（）.

3.Inchemicalweathering,（）.

4.Rainwater（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmightserveasanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itiserosion"withnomovement"whenitiscausedbywater.

B.Thereexisttwoimportantclassificationsofweatheringprocesses.

C.ItoccursthroughcontactwiththeEarth'satmosphere,biotaandwaters.

D.Bothphysicalandchemicalweatheringinvolvethebreakdownofrocksandsoils.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.erosionandre-deposition

B.mineralsderivedfromrocks

C.organicmaterialleftoverbyweathering

D.thebreakdownofrockscombinedwithorganicmat