考研英語(yǔ)歷年真題及答案

SectionII:CloseTest

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoiceslabeled[A],[B],[C]

and[D].Choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceinthebracketsbelowthepassage.Readthe

wholepassagebeforemakingyourchoices.(10points)

OnWednesdayafternoonsAnnietookthebusintotowntoshopinthemarket.Foranhouror

—16—shewouldwalkupanddownbetweenthestallslookingateverything,buyinghereand

there,and_17—asharplookoutforthebargainsthatweresometimestobehad.Andthen,with

allthethingssheneeded_18—shewouldleavethemarketforthestreetsofthetowntospend

anotherhour_19_shelikedbest:lookinginfurnitureshopwindows.

OneWednesdayshefoundanewshopfullofthemostdelightfulthings,withanoticeinviting

anyonetowalkinandlook_20_withoutfeelingtheyhadtobuysomething.Anniehesitated

foramomentbeforesteppingthroughthedoorwaywhere,almostatonce,shestopped_21—

beforeagreenarmchair.Therewasacardonthechairwhichsaid:"Thisfinechairisyours

—22—lessthanapoundaweek,“andverysmallatthebottom,"Cashpriceeighty-ninepounds

fifty.”Apoundaweek..._23_,shecouldalmostpaythatoutofherhousekeepingmoneyand

nevermissit!Avoiceathershouldermadeher_24—.“CanIhelpyou,Madam?”Shelooked

roundattheassistantwhohadcomesoftlytoher_25—.

“Oh,well,no,“shesaid.41wasjustlooking.”“We'vechairsofallkindsintheshowroom.If

you'lljustcomeup,youwillfindsomethingtosuityou.”

Annie,worriedatthethoughtofbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingshedidn'tneed,lefttheshop

hurriedly.

16.[A]so

[B]more

[C]else

[D]another

17.[AJtaking

|B|making

[C]fixing

[D]keeping

18.[AJbuy

[Blbought

[C]buying

[D]tohavebought

19.[AJinaway

[B]bytheway

[C]intheway

[D]ontheway

20.[A]behind

[B]round

[C]back

[D]on

21.[AJdoubted

[B]wondered

[CJpuzzled

[D]delighted

22.[A]at

[B]for

[C]with

[D]in

23.[A]Why

|B]When

[C]How

[D]What

24.[A]jump

[B]leap

[C]laugh

[D]wonder

25.[A]place

|B]back

[C]side

[D]front

SectionIII:ReadingComprehension

Eachofthetwopassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefour

answers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Put

yourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)

Text1

Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfind

thesecareersinengineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisan

increasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeingreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhaps

donotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inotherwords,ademandforpeoplewho

arecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.Wecancall

thesepeople“generalists."Andthese“generalists“areparticularlyneededforpositionsin

administration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplan

forotherpeople,toorganizeotherpeople'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.

Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa“trained”

man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist—and

especiallytheadministrator—dealswithpeople;hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,

andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan“educated”man;andthehumanitiesarehisstrongest

foundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisa

goodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsof

people,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofind

out,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyour

careeraccordingly.

Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou-butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyou

shouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdany

job.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilya

trainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.

26.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor.

[A]allroundpeopleintheirownfields

[B]peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople'swork

[C]generalistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessional

[D]specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothers

27.Thespecialistis.

[A]amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeople

|B|amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefields

[C]amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetrees

[D]amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmatters

28.Theadministratoris.

[A]a"trained“manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralist

[B]amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforest

[C]amanwhoisverystronginthehumanities

[D]amanwhoisan“educaled“specialist

29.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant.

[AJtotrytobeageneralist

[Bltochooseaprofitablejob

ICJtofindanorganizationwhichfitsyou

[DItodecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralist

30.Aman'sfirstjob.

[A]isnevertherightjobforhim

[B]shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob

[C]shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjob

[DJisprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljob

Test2

AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeand,untilrecent

times,unknowntoman.Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevation

arestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.Manhasexplored,on

foot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.

TheArcticisanocean,coveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesof

Europe,Asia,andNorthAmerica.TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeand

Australiacombined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemost

unobstructedwaterareasoftheworld—theAtlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.

Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,theairovertheAntarctic

isfarmorerefrigeratedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandisso

forcefulthatitmakesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivablethose

regionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobeareinhabited.Thus,morethana

millionpersonslivewithin2,000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaska,

Siberia,andScandinavia-aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.Apartfromahandfulof

weatherstations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletree,industry,or

settlement.

31.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe.

[A]Iceland

[BJLandofOpportunity

[C]TheUnknownContinent

[D]UtopiaatLast

32.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas.

[A]verylimited

[B]vast

[C]fairlyrich

[D]nonexistent

33.Antarcticaisborderedbythe.

[A]PacificOcean

[B]IndianOcean

[C]AtlanticOcean

[D]Allthree

34.TheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby.

[A]coldair

[B]calmseas

[C]ice

[D]lackofknowledgeaboutthecontinent

35.Accordingtothisarticle.

[Al2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinent

[B]amillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPole

[C]weatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPolemakesettlementsimpractical

[DJonlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica

SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Onlytheunderlinedsentencesaretobetranslated.

(20points)

Itwouldbeinterestingtodiscoverhowmanyyoungpeoplegotouniversitywithoutanyclear

ideaofwhattheyaregoingtodoafterwards.(71)Ifoneconsiderstheenormousvarietyof

coursesoffered,itisnothardtoseehowdifficultitisforastudenttoselectthecoursemost

suitedtohisinterestsandabilities.(72)Ifastudentgoestouniversitytoacquireabroader

perspectiveoflife,toenlargehisideasandtolearntothinkforhimself,hewillundoubtedly

benefit.(73)Schoolsoftenhavetoorestrictinganatmosphere,withitstimetablesanddisciplines,

toallowhimmuchtimeforindependentassessmentoftheworkheisaskedtodo.(74)Most

studentswould,Ibelieve,profitbyayearofsuchexplorationofdifferentacademicstudies,

especiallythose"allrounders^^withnoparticularinterest.Theyshouldhavelongertimeto

decideinwhatsubjecttheywanttotaketheirdegrees,sothatinlaterlife,theydonotlookback

andsay,“Ishouldliketohavebeenanarchaeologist.IfIhadn'ttakenadegreeinModern

Languages,Ishouldn'thaveendedupasaninterpreter,butit'stoolatenow.Icouldn'tgoback

andbeginalloveragain.M

(75)Thereis,ofcourse,anothersidetothequestionofhowtomakethebestuseofone'stimeat

university.(76)Thisisthecaseofthestudentwhoexcelsinaparticularbranchoflearning.(77)

HeisimmediatelyacceptedbytheUniversityofhischoice,andspendshisthreeorfouryears

becomingaspecialist,emergingwithafirst-classHonourDegreeandverylittleknowledgeof

whattherestoftheworldisallabout.(78)Itthereforebecomesmoreandmoreimportantthat,if

studentsarenottowastetheiropportunities,therewillhavetobemuchmoredetailed

informationaboutcoursesandmoreadvice.Onlyinthiswaycanwebesurethatwearenotto

have,ontheonehand,abandofspecialistsignorantofanythingoutsideoftheirownsubject,

andontheotherhand,aneverincreasingnumberofgraduatesqualifiedinsubjectsforwhich

thereislittleornodemandintheworkingworld.

1986年參考答案

SectionII:Error-detectionandCorrection(10points)

16.[A]17.[D]18.[B]19.|C]20.[B]

21.[D]22.[B]23.[A]24.[A]25.[C]

SectionIII:ReadingComprehension(10points)

26.[B]27.[D]28.[C]29.[DJ30.[B]

31.[C]32.[A]33.[D]34.[A]35.[C]

SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation(20points)

71.如果想一想那些為學(xué)生設(shè)置的門類繁多的課程，我們就不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)一個(gè)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，

要選一門符合他的興趣和能力的課程是多么困難。

72.如果一個(gè)學(xué)生進(jìn)大學(xué)是為了想獲得一個(gè)對(duì)生活前景更廣泛的認(rèn)識(shí)，為了擴(kuò)大思想境界

和學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立思考，那么毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，進(jìn)大學(xué)對(duì)他是有好處的。

73.學(xué)校由于受課程表和紀(jì)律的約束，氣氛往往令人感到過(guò)于拘束，使學(xué)生沒有充分時(shí)間

對(duì)規(guī)定要他做的事情有獨(dú)立的見解。

74.我認(rèn)為大多數(shù)學(xué)生，尤其是那些沒有偏重某一門課程的“全面發(fā)展的學(xué)生”，經(jīng)過(guò)一年

左翁的時(shí)間對(duì)各門不同學(xué)科的鉆研，將會(huì)從中獲益。

75.當(dāng)然，關(guān)于一個(gè)人如何最充分地利用上大學(xué)的時(shí)間，還有另外一個(gè)方面。

76.某一學(xué)科中出類拔萃的學(xué)生就屬于這種情況。

77.他一畢業(yè)馬上就被一所他自己選中的大學(xué)所接受，再花三、四年時(shí)間，以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)

取得榮譽(yù)學(xué)位，成為一名專家，但對(duì)外界的一切卻幾乎一無(wú)所知。

78.因此，如果要學(xué)生好好利用他們上大學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)，就應(yīng)該為他們提供大量關(guān)于課程方面

更為詳盡的信息和更多的指點(diǎn)。這個(gè)問(wèn)題顯得越來(lái)越重要了。

1987年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題

SectionII:ReadingComprehension

Eachofthreepassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefour

answers,readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestion.Putyour

choiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)

Text1

Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwith

afan-liketoythatspunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinci

conceivethefirstmechanicalapparatus,calleda“Helix,“whichcouldcarrymanstraightup,but

wasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.

Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineerpilotedastrange

lookingcraftofsteeltubingwitharotatingfanontop.Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintothe

airfromastandingstart,hoveredafewfeetabovetheground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,

andthensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.

Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirownpersonalhelicopters.

Peopleanticipatethatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdothe

airlinersoftoday.Suchfantasticexpectationswerenotfulfilled.

Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcelsinmilitarymissions,

carryingtroops,gunsandstrategicinstrumentswhereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsuse

themasairborneoffices,manymetropolitanareasusetheminpolicework,constructionand

loggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,engineersusethemforsite

selectionandsurveying,andoilcompaniesusethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreand

remoteworkstationsaccessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-to

placeisalikelytaskforahelicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeofused:deliverpeopleacross

town,llytoandfromairports,assistinrescuework,andaidinthesearchformissingorwanted

persons.

11.Peopleexpectthat.

[A]theairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicopters

[B]helicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberofpeoplefromplacetoplace

asairlinersarenowdoing

[C]theimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer'sinventionwouldbecomearealityinthe

future

(DJtheirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledbyairlinersoftoday

12.Helicoptersworkwiththeaidof.

[A]acombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontop

|B|arotatingdevicetopside

[C]onerotatingfaninthecenteroftheaircraftandothersateachend

[DIarotatingfanunderneathforlifting

13.Whatissaidaboutthedevelopmentofthehelicopter?

[A]Helicoptershaveonlybeenworkedonbymansince1940.

[BJChinesechildrenwerethefirsttoachieveflightinhelicopters.

[C]Helicopterswereconsideredmoredangerousthantheearlyairplanes.

[DJSomepeoplethoughttheywouldbecomewidelyusedbyaverageindividuals.

14.Howhastheuseofhelicoptersdeveloped?

[AJTheyhavebeenwidelyusedforvariouspurposes.

[B]Theyaretakingtheplaceofhigh-flyingjets.

[C]Theyareusedforrescuework.

[D]Theyarenowusedexclusivelyforcommercialprojects.

15.Underwhatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobeabsolutelyessential?

[AlForoverseaspassengertransportation.

(BJForextremelyhighaltitudeflights.

[C]Forhigh-speedtransportation.

[DJForurgentmissiontoplacesinaccessibletootherkindsofcraft.

Text2

InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.

TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympian

Gods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherules

againstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.Nooneknowsexactlyhowfar

backtheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.Thegamestookplace

inAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.Manythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallparts

ofGreece,butnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenand

dishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.Theexactsequenceofeventsuncertain,but

eventsincludedboy'sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents,thoughthere

werefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.

OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleaves

placedontheirheads.Sogreatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnameto

theyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,

richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,we

unfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.

Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200years,theGamesweresuspendedbytheRomans

in394A.D.Theycontinuedforsuchalongtimebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophy

behindtheOlympics:theideathatahealthybodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespiritof

competitioninsportsandgameswaspreferabletothecompetitionthatcausedwars.Itwasover

1,500yearsbeforeanothersuchinternationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin1896.

Nowadays,theGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehostcountryprovidesvast

facilities,includingastadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompeting

courtierspaytheirownathletes5expenses.

TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorch,lightedonMountOlympusbythe

sun'srays.Itiscarriedbyasuccessionofrunnerstothestadium.Thetorchsymbolizedthe

continuationoftheancientGreekathleticideals,anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntilthe

closingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isamodernconception:thefive

interlockingringssymbolizetheunitingofallfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.

16.InancientGreece,theOlympicGames.

[A]weremerelynationalathleticfestivals

IBJwereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolour

[C]hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageousposition

[DJwereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants

17.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames.

[AJonlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateinthegames

[B]allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religionorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepart

[C]allGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteinGames

[D]allmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames

18.TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics.

[Alhasnotdefinitelybeenestablished

(BJvariedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors

[C]wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheld

[DJwasconsideredunimportant

19.Modernathletes5resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancientrunnersbecause

[A]theGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresults

[B]theyaremuchbetter

[C]detailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepast

[DJtheyaremuchworse

20.Nowadays,theathletes,expensesarepaidfor.

[A]outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners

[B|outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations

[C]bytheathletesthemselves

[D]bycontributions

Text3

Insciencethemeaningoftheword“explain"sufferswithcivilization'severystepinsearchof

reality.Sciencecannotreallyexplainelectricity,magnetism,andgravitation;theireffectscanbe

measuredandpredicted,butoftheirnaturenomoreisknowntothemodernscientistthanto

Thaleswhofirstlookedintothenatureoftheelectrificationofamber,ahardyellowish-brown

gum.Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthenotionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthese

mysteriousforces^reallyare.^Electricity,BertrandRussellsays,“isnotathing,likeSt.Paul's

Cathedral;itisawayinwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhowthingsbehavewhenthey

areelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstancestheyareelectrified,wehavetoldallthereisto

tell."Untilrecentlyscientistswouldhavedisapprovedofsuchanidea.Aristotle,forexample,

whosenaturalsciencedominatedWesternthoughtfortwothousandyears,believedthatman

couldarriveatanunderstandingofrealitybyreasoningfromself-evidentprinciples.Hefelt,for

example,thatitisaself-evidentprinciplethateverythingintheuniversehasitsproperplace,

henceonecandeducethatobjectsfalltothegroundbecausethat'swheretheybelong,and

smokegoesupbecausethat'swhereitbelongs.ThegoalofAristoteliansciencewastoexplain

whythingshappen.ModernsciencewasbornwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthings

happenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwhichnowformsthebasisof

scientificinvestigation.

21.Theaimofcontrolledscientificexperimentsis.

[A]toexplainwhythingshappen

[BJtoexplainhowthingshappen

[C]todescribeself-evidentprinciples

[DJtosupportAristotelianscience

22.Whatprinciplesmostinfluencedscientificthoughtfortwothousandyears?

[AJthespeculationsofThales

[B]theforcesofelectricity,magnetism,andgravity

[C]Aristotle'snaturalscience

[D]Galileo'sdiscoveries

23.BertrandRusselfsnotionaboutelectricityis.

[Aldisapprovedofbymostmodernscientists

[B]inagreementwithAristotle'stheoryofself-evidentprinciples

[C]inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward“how”thingshappen

[DJinagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward“why"thingshappen

24.Thepassagesaysthatuntilrecentlyscientistsdisagreedwiththeidea.

[AJthattherearemysteriousforcesintheuniverse

[B]thatmancannotdiscoverwhatforces“reaHy”are

[C]thatthereareself-evidentprinciples

[D]thatwecandiscoverwhythingsbehaveastheydo

25.Modernsciencecameintobeing.

[A]whenthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwasfirstintroduced

[B]whenGalileosucceededinexplaininghowthingshappen

[C]whenAristotelianscientisttriedtoexplainwhythingshappen

[D]whenscientistswereabletoacquireanunderstandingofrealityofreasoning

SectionIV:CloseTest

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeled[A],[B],[C]

and[D].ChoosethebestoneandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.Readthewhole

passagebeforemakingyourchoice.(10points)

Chequeshave_36_replacedmoneyasameansofexchangefortheyarewidelyaccepted

everywhere.Thoughthisisveryconvenientforbothbuyerandseller,itshouldnotbeforgotten

thatchequesarenotrealmoney:theyarequitevaluelessinthemselves.Ashop-keeperalways

runsacertain_37—whenheacceptsachequesandheisquite_38—hisrightsifonoccasion,

herefusestodoso.

Peopledonotalwaysknowthisandareshockediftheirgoodfaithiscalled_39—.Anoldand

verywealthyfriendofminetoldmehehadanextremelyunpleasantexperience.Hewenttoa

famousjewelryshopwhichkeepsalarge_40—ofpreciousstonesandaskedtobeshownsome

pearlnecklaces.Afterexaminingseveraltrays,hedecidedtobuyaparticularlyfinestringof

pearlsandaskedifhecouldpaybyCheques.Theassistantsaidthatthiswasquite_41—but

themomentmyfriendsignedhisname,hewasinvitedintothemanager'soffice.

Themanagerwasverypolite,butheexplainedthatsomeonewithexactlythesamenamehad

presentedthemwithaworthlessChequenotlongago.Myfriendgotveryangrywhenheheard

thisandsaidhewouldbuyanecklacesomewhereelse.Whenhegotuptogo,themanagertold

himthatthepolicewouldarriveatanymomentandhehadbetterstay_42_thewantedtoget

intoserioustrouble._43—,thepolicearrivedsoonafterwards.Theyapologizedtomyfriend

forthe44_,butexplainedthatapersonwhohadusedthesamenameashiswasresponsible

foranumberofrecentrobberies.Thenthepoliceaskedmyfriendtocopyoutanotewhichhad

beenusedbythethiefinanumberofshops.Thenote_45_:“Ihaveaguninmypocket.Ask

noquestionsandgivemeallthemoneyinthesafe."Fortunately,myfriend'shandwritingwas

quiteunlikethethief's.Hewasnotonlyallowedtogowithoutfurtherdelay,buttotakethe

stringofpearlswithhim.

36.[A]exactly

[BJreally

[C]largely

(DJthoroughly

37.[A]danger

[BJchance

[C]risk

[DJopportunity

38.[A]within

[BJbeyond

[C]without

[D]outof

39.[A]indifficulty

[BJindoubt

[C]inearnest

[D]inquestion

40.[A]amount

[B]stock

[C]number

[D]store

41.[A]inorder

[B]inneed

[C]inuse

[D]incommon

42.[A]whether

IBJif

[C]otherwise

[D]unless

43.[A]Really

[B]Sureenough

[C]Certainly

(DJHowever

44.[A]treatment

[B]manner

[C]inconvenience

[DJbehaviour

45.[A]read

[B]told

[C]wrote

[D]informed

SectionVIII:English-ChineseTranslation

Directions:

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Onlytheunderlinedsentencesaretobetranslated.

(20points)

Havetherealwaysbeencities?(71)Lifewithoutlargeurbanareasmayseeminconceivabletous,

butactuallycitiesarerelativelyrecentdevelopment.Groupswithprimitiveeconomicsstill

managewithoutthem.Thetrend,however,isforsuchgroupstodisappear,whilecitiesare

increasinglybecomingthedominantmodeofman'ssocialexistence.(72)Historically,citylife

hasalwaysbeenamongtheelementswhichformacivilization.Anyhighdegreeofhuman

endeavorandachievementhasbeencloselylinkedtolifeinanurbanenvironment.(73)Itis

virtuallyimpossibletoimaginethatuniversities,hospitals,largebusinessesorevenscienceand

technologycouldhavecomeintobeingwithoutcitiestosupportthem.Tomostpeople,cities

havetraditionallybeentheareaswheretherewasaconcentrationofcultureaswellasof

opportunity.(74)Inrecentyears,however,peoplehavebeguntobecomeawarethatcitiesare

alsoareaswherethereisaconcentrationofproblems.Whathashappenedtothemodern

Americancity?Actually,theproblemisnotsuchanewone.Longbeforethiscenturystarted,

therehadbegunatrendtowardtheconcentrationofthepooroftheAmericansocietyintothe

cities.Eachgreatwaveofimmigrationfromabroadandfromtheruralareasmadetheproblem

worse.Duringthiscentury,therehasalsobeenthedevelopmentoflargesuburbanareas

surroundingthecities,fortherichprefertoliveintheseareas.Withinthecities,sectionsmaybe

sharplydividedintohighandlowrentdistricts,the“rightsideoftown“andtheslums.

Ofcourse,everyonewantstodosomethingaboutthisunhappysituation.Butthereisno

agreementastogoals.Neitheristhereanysystematicapproachorintegratedprogram.Opinions

areasdiverseasthepeoplewhogivethem.(75)Butonebasicdifferenceofopinionconcernsthe

questionofwhetherornotthecityassuchistobepreserved.Perhapstransportationandthe

meansofcommunicationhavereallymadeitpossiblefortheretobeanendtothebigcities.Of

course,thereistheproblemofpersuadingpeopletomoveoutofthemoftheirownfreewill.(76)

Andthereisalsotheobjectionthatthecityhasalwaysbeenthecorefromwhichcultural

advancementhasradiated.Isthis,however,stillthecasetodayinthepresenceofeasy

transportationandcommunication?Doescultureariseasaresultofpeoplelivingtogether

communally,orisittootheresultofdecisionsmadeatthelevelofgovernmentandthe

communicationsindustry?

Itisprobablytruetosaythatmostpeopleprefertopreservethecities.Somethinkthatthecities

couldbecleaneduportotallyrebuilt.Thisiseasytosay;itwouldnotbesoeasytodo.(77)To

besure,