江蘇省某中學、南京師范大學某中學、海安中學2021屆高三12月聯(lián)考英語試題

2020年12月英語學科測試試卷

注意事項

考生在答題前請認真閱讀本注意事項及各題答題要求

1.本試卷滿分為150分，考試時間為120分鐘。

2.答卷前，務必將姓名、班級、學號、考場號、座位號、準考證號填寫在答題卡

上。

3.請用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆按題號在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在其它位置作答

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀

下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Howdoesthewomanchecktheweather?

A.SheusesherphoneB.ShelistenstotheradioC.Shewatches

television

2.Whatwillthemandotonight?

A.Practicedebating.B.Studyforanexam.C.Watcha

basketballgame.

3.Whydoesn'tthemanusethemethodthewomangave?

A.Hedoesn'tlikeit.B.Hedoesn'thaveityet.C.Hedoesn*t

understand

4.Whatismoreimportantintheman'sopinion?

A.Teamwork.B.Starplayers.C.Game

time.

5.Wherearethespeakers?

A.AtastoreB.Atabank.C.Ata

第二節(jié)（共小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間

閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段

對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inarestaurant.C.Ina

supermarket.

7.Whydidthemangetplentyofsalad?

A.Itwasdelicious.B.Itwasfree.C.Itwasonsale.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Salesmanandcustomer.

9.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Whethertochangeaphone.

B.Howtochooseaphone.

C.Whentobuyaphone.

10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Askherparents.B.Trustthesalesperson.C.Readbuyers'reviews.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.Whendidthemanbeginhislesson?

A.Yesterday.B.Lastweek.C.Amonthago

12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisfirstlesson?

A.Interesting.B.Difficult.C.boring

13.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherteacher?

A.Shewasaconsiderateperson.

B.Shewasanexcellentrider.

C.Shewasagoodteacher.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.WhendidKarinabecomeinterestedincooking?

A.Whenshehelpedherparentsinthehotelkitchen.

B.Whenshemadefoodforherselfathome.

C.Whensheworkedinarestaurantfortwoweeks.

15.WhydidthetopchefoffertotrainKarina?

A.Shewasquickatlearningtocook.

B.Afamouspersonlikedthefoodshemade.

C.HeneededsomeonetoworkonSaturdays.

16.WhatdoesKarinaliketodoinherfreetime?

A.Staywithherfamily.B.Createnewsalads.C.Eatout.

聽第10段材料，答第17至20題。

17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?

A.Guestspeakers.B.Clubmembers.C.University

students.

18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoing?

A.Tryingtojoinafreeclub.

BRememberingtobringthelibrarycard.

Ccomparingtheclubsbeforejoiningone.

19.Whatinformationisontheregistrationdocument?

A.Abooklistforeachcourse.

B.Thenamesofthedepartmentalheads.

C.Theclassroomnumbersforeachclass.

20.Whereshouldonefixanyaccommodationproblems?

A.Thesecretaryoffice.

B.Theacademicdepartment.

C.Theuniversityadministration.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所

給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

TOWNOFMIDDLEBOROUGHRUBBISH/RECYCLEINFORMATION

RUBBISHCOLLECTIONCURBSIDE（路邊回收）

Yourhouseholdrubbishiscollectedweeklyonyourregularcollectionday.Allresidentsusing

rubbishbarrelsmusthavecoversonthemtopreventrain/snowwaterbuildupinside.

PleasenotethefollowinglistofitemswillNOTbepickedupbytheSanitationDivision:

?MedicalWasteorMercury-CallHealthDepartmentat508-946-2408

?Containerswithsharpedgesorbottoms.

?Metals,furnitureorbuildingmaterials.

?Recyclablematerial.

RECYCLECOLLECTIONCURBSIDE

Yburrecyclableswillbecollectedeveryotherweekonyourregularcollectionday

Failuretoputyourrecyclablesoutontheassigneddaycauses"doublepick-up”.

Pleasehelpustokeepcostsdown.

Itemsforcurbsidecollection:

?Newspapersandmagazines

?Cardboard-CerealBoxes,PastaBoxes,ShoeBoxes,Etc.

?Cansandplastics(NOCHILDRENSTOYS)

?Clearandcoloredglass(onlybrown&green)

Howtoprepareitemsforcurbsidecollection:

?PaperProducts一pleasewraptheminplasticgrocerybagstoprotectfromrainandwind.

?Cans,plasticsandclearandcoloredglass-RINSECLEAN.

*Allrubbish/recyclablesmustbeoutatcurbsideby7:00a.m.onyourregularscheduled

collectionday.

1.Howoftenishouseholdrubbishcollectedinthetown?

A.Everyday.B.Everyotherday.

C.Everyweek.D.Everyotherweek.

2.Whichofthefollowingrecyclableswillbecollected?

A.ANikebox.B.Anoldcellphone.

C.Aplastictoycar.D.Ayellowdrinkingglass.

3.Whatshouldtheresidentsdowhentheydumptheirrecyclables?

A.Theyshouldkeeppick-upcostsdown.

B.Theyshouldhavethemcleanedbeforedumping.

C.Theyshoulddumpthemby7:00a.m.besidetheirhouses.

D.Theyshouldhavepaperproductscoveredinplasticbags.

【答案】l.C2.A3.D

【解析】

這是一篇應用文。文章是一則米德爾堡鎮(zhèn)垃圾回收公告，公告里列舉了可回收和不可回收的

垃圾種類以及說明了如何準備回收物品等信息。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中"Yourhouseholdrubbishiscollectedweeklyonyourregular

collectionday.（你的家庭垃圾會在每周的定期收集日被收集）”可知，鎮(zhèn)上每周會收集一次家

庭垃圾。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Itemsforcurbsidecollection部分中MCardboard-CerealBoxes,Pasta

Boxes,ShoeBoxes,Etc.（紙箱、麥片盒、意大利面盒、鞋盒等）”可知，A選項“一個耐克盒

子”可回收物品會被收集。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Howloprepareitemsforcurbsidecollection部分中uPaperProducts—please

wraptheminplasticgrocerybagstoprotectfromrainandwind.（紙制品請用塑料購物袋包

裝，以防風雨打濕）”可知，當居民傾倒可回收垃圾時，他們應該用塑料袋包裝紙制品。故

選D。

B

“She'sawfullycute."That'swhatMartyGinsburgthoughtwhenhemethisfellowCornell

studentRuthBaderin1950.Soonhenoticedsomethingelse."Hethoughtshewasawfullysmart,^^

saystheirsonJamesGinsburg.l4MomsaidDadwastheonlyboywhodatedher,MJamessays,"who

caredthatshehadabrain."

Thatbrain,ofcourse,wouldtakeherallthewaytotheSupremeCourt.Butwhiletheworld

knowsaboutRuthBaderGinsburg-thesecondwomantobeappointedasU.S.SupremeCourt

justice-thestoryofthegrandloveaffairbetweenRuthandMartyhasn'tbeenpubliclytolduntilnow.

AsRuthbecameanexpertingender-discriminationlaw,sheandMartywerealivingexample

ofwhatequalityofthesexeswasallabout.HIdidthecooking,andshedidthethinking,^Martyoften

joked.But,asRuthsawit,"Withouthim,IwouldnothavegainedaseatontheSupremeCourt.”

Theteststothecouple'slovecameearlyandoften.Whentheywerestillinlawschool,Marty

gotcancer.Whileheunderwentradiation,Ruthorganizedhisfriendstotakeclassnotes/'He'dget

uparoundmidnightandtheneatwhateverfoodIhadcookedfbrhim,1'Ruthsaid.Martysurvived.

AfterRuthwasappointedtotheU.S.CourtofAppealsin1980,MartyfollowedhertoD.C.

"Hewasalwaystryingtogethertoleavetheofficeandcomehomefordinner,'1saysNPRlegal

correspondentNinaTotenberg.AndwhenshegotthenominationasaJustice,Martytookher

shoppingtopickoutsuitsfbrherconfinnationhearings.Healsojoinedthecourt's"spousesclub”,

becausehewantedtocookwhentheyallgottogether.

Theirlovetookonanewmeaningin2010,afteratumorwasfoundinMartyandRuthbecame

hiscaretakeragain,stayingupwithhimthroughthenight.InhisfinaldaysMartylefthiswifeanote:

“YouaretheonlypersonIhavelovedinmylifeandIhaveadmiredyousincethedaywefirstmetat

Cornell56yearsago."Hedied10dayslater.ThenextdayRuthreturnedtoworkonthebench.

Askedwhy,shehadasimpleanswer:"Martywouldhavewanteditthatway.”

4.InRuth'seyeswhatmakesMartydifferentfromtheothermendatingher?

A.Hecoulddocookingforher.B.Hewasfascinatedbyherwisdom.

C.Hehelpedherpromotesexualequality,D.Hecamefromthesameuniversityas

shedid.

5.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?

A.WhatchangestookplaceinRuth.B.WhyMartywasaddictedtocooking.

C.HowMartysupportedRuthalltheway.D.HowRuthbecameaSupremeCourt

justice.

6.TheunderlinedsentenceimpliesthatMartywishedRuthto

A.fulfilhisdreamB.forgettheirpast

C.worklonghoursD.moveonwithouthim

7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.RuthBaderGinsburg:HerSweetFamilyB.RuthBaderGinsburg:HerLife

Experience

C.RuthBaderGinsburg:HerGreatLoveStoryD.RuthBaderGinsburg:HerFightFor

GenderEquality

【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C

【解析】

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了第二位被任命為美國最高法院大法官的女性RuthBader

Ginsburg和她丈夫RuthBader的愛情故事。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中""Hethoughtshewasawfullysmart,saystheirsonJamesGinsburg.

*'MomsaidDadwastheonlyboywhodatedher,''Jamessays,"whocaredthatshehadabrain."（他

們的兒子JamesGinsburg說：“他認為她非常聰明，媽媽說爸爸是和她約會的男孩中唯---

個在乎她有智慧的男孩?！埃笨芍?，在Ruth眼中，Marty和其他男人的不同之處在于，他

被她的智慧迷住了。故選B。

【5題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“AfterRuthwasappointedtotheU.S.CourtofAppealsin1980,Marty

followedhertoD.C."Hewasalwaystryingtogethertoleavetheofficeandcomehomefordinner,"

saysNPRlegalcorrespondentNinaTotenberg.AndwhenshegotthenominationasaJustice,Marty

tookhershoppingtopickoutsuitsforherconfirmationhearings.Healsojoinedthecourt's"spouses

club",becausehewantedtocookwhentheyallgottogether.（1980年，露絲被任命為美國上訴法

院法官后，馬蒂跟隨她來到華盛頓特區(qū)“他總是想讓她離開辦公室回家吃晚飯，”美國國家

公共電臺的法律記者NinaTotenberg說。當她被提名為大法官時，馬蒂帶著她去購物，為她

的確認聽證會挑選西裝。他還加入了法院的“配偶俱樂部”，因為他想在他們聚在一起的時

候做飯）”可知，第五段主要講了Martys是如何一直支持Ruth的。故選C。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"InhisfinaldaysMartylefthiswifeanote:"Youaretheonly

personIhavelovedinmylifeandIhaveadmiredyousincethedaywefirstmetatCornell56years

ago."Hedied10dayslaterThenextdayRuthreturnedtoworkonthebench.（在他生命的最后時

刻，馬蒂給妻子留了一張便條：“你是我一生中唯一愛的人，從56年前我們在康奈爾大學

相遇的那一天起，我就一直欽佩你?！?0天后，他去世了。第二天，露絲又回到了法官席

上工作）”結合上文提到Marty一直支持Ruth的事業(yè)，所以即使是Marty死后，他也希望Ruth

繼續(xù)她的生活。由此推知，劃線句子暗示著Marty希望Ruth在他去世后，繼續(xù)生活。故選

D?

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“ButwhiletheworldknowsaboutRuthBaderGinsburg-thesecond

womantobeappointedasU.S.SupremeCourtjustice-thestoryofthegrandloveaffairbetween

RuthandMartyhasn'tbeenpublicly⑹duntilnow.(雖然世人都知道露絲?巴德?金斯伯格----

第二位被任命為美國最高法院大法官的女性一一但露絲和馬蒂之間的偉大愛情故事直到現(xiàn)

在才被公開)”結合文章主要講述了第二位被任命為美國最高法院大法官的女性RuthBader

Ginsburg和她丈夫RuthBader的愛情故事?？芍?C選項“RuthBaderGinsburg：她偉大的

愛情故事”最符合文章標題。故選C。

C

Facialrecognitionalgorithmsaregettingbetteratrecognizingfacesinmasks,accordingtodata

publishedonTuesdaybytheNationalInstituteforStandardsandTechnology(NIST).Using

independenttestingofmorethan150separatefacialrecognitionalgorithms,thenewreportsuggests

masksmaynotbeasbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought.

WhenNISTfirstexaminedmasks*effectonfacialrecognitioninJuly,itfoundthatalgorithms

weren'tgreatatidentifyingfaceswithmasks.Butthepandemichasgivendevelopersplentyoftime

tofocusonthemaskproblem,andNIST'sdatashowsthatfacialrecognitionalgorithmsaregetting

betteratworkingwithmaskedfaces.t€Somedevelopershavesubmittedalgorithmsafterthe

pandemicshowingsignificantlyimprovedaccuracyandarenowamongthemostaccurateinour

test,"thereportreads.NIST*spublicrankingforfacialrecognitiontestsbearsoutthisclaim.Eight

differentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05percent.

Theauthorsnoteanumberoflimitationstothestudy.NISTresearchersdidnotemployactual

imagesofmaskedfates.Instead,theyappliedmasksdigitallytoensureconsistencyacrossthe

sample.Asaresult,"wewerenotabletopursueathoroughsimulationoftheendlessvariationsin

color,design,shape,texture,bands,andwaysmaskscanbeworn,"thereportnotes.Thedigital

maskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidthoftheface,buttestersnotedthatperformance

variedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface.

8.Peopleusedtothinkrecognizingmaskedfaceswithfacialrecognitionsystemswas____

A.riskyB.challengingC.effectiveD.

rewarding

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"bearout'1inParagraph3mean?

A.Confirm.B.Dismiss.C.Investigate.D.

Contradict.

10.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Thestudyisoflittlevalueduetoitslimitations.

B.Thewaytowearmasksaffectsrecognitionaccuracy.

C.Thetypeofmaskmakesnodifferencetofacialrecognition.

D.Theresearchersadoptedrealsurgicalmaskstoensuretheaccuracy.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Tointroducetheimprovementinfacialrecognition.

B.Topromotetheapplicationoffacialrecognition.

C.Toadvertisevariousfacialrecognitionalgorithms.

D.Toremovepeople'smisunderstandingaboutfacialrecognition.

【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。人們過去認為用面部識別系統(tǒng)來識別蒙面的面孔是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的，但美國

國家標準與技術研究所周二發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，人臉識別算法在識別戴著面具的人臉方面正變

得越來越好。文章介紹了這項研究開展的過程和一些局限性。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中uUsingindependenttestingofmorethan150separatefacial

recognitionalgorithms,thenewreportsuggestsmasksmaynolbeasbigaproblemforfacial

recognitionsystemsasinitiallythought4通過對150多種不同的面部識別算法進行獨立測試，

這份新報告表明，對于面部識別系統(tǒng)來說，面具可能并不像最初認為的那樣是個大問題)”

可知，人們過去認為用面部識別系統(tǒng)來識別蒙面的面孔是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選B。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Eightdifferentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05

percent4現(xiàn)在有8種不同的算法錯誤率低于0.05%)”可知，NIST對面部識別測試的公開排

名證實了面部識別準確性提高了這一說法。畫線詞意思為“證實”。A.Confirm.證實，確認;

B.Dismiss.解散；C.Investigate.調查；D.Contradict.反駁。故選A。

【10題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Thedigitalmaskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidth

oftheface,buttestersnotedthatperformancevariedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemask

wasplacedontheface.(數(shù)字口罩是一個藍色的外科口罩，可以覆蓋整個面部，但測試人員注

意到，根據(jù)面具在面部的高度不同，測試結果會有很大的不同)”可知，戴口罩的方式會影

響面部識別的準確性。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題o根據(jù)第一段中“Facialrecognitionalgorithmsaregettingbetteratrecognizingfaces

inmasks,accordingtodatapublishedonTuesdaybytheNationalInstituteforStandardsand

Technology(NIST).(美國國家標準與技術研究所周二發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，人臉識別算法在識別

戴著面具的人臉方面正變得越來越好)”結合文章說明了人們過去認為用面部識別系統(tǒng)來識

別蒙面的面孔是很有挑戰(zhàn)性的，但美國國家標準與技術研究所周二發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，人臉識

別算法在識別戴著面具的人臉方面正變得越來越好。文章介紹了這項研究開展的過程和一些

局限性?？赏浦?，這篇文章的目的是介紹面部識別技術的改進。故選A。

D

Morethanhalfofthestate'spublicschoolstudentsareindistrictsofferingremotelearning,but

stateSuperintendent(iW)ofPublicInstitution,ChrisReykdalacknowledgedtostatelawmakers

thatdistancelearningisnotworkingforalotofkids.Heisalsoworriedaboutthementalhealth

impactsofdistancelearningonkids.

"They'refailingalot.Anditturnsout,inthebeginning,wethoughtitwasaboutdevicesand

connectivity.They'refailingbecausethey'renotengaged,Reykdalsaid.

ReykdaPsassessmentcomesatacriticaltime,withanincreasingnumberofcallsfromparents

pushingforschooldistrictstobringstudentsbackforface-to-facelearning.Theysaytheirchildren

arelosingmotivation,fallingbehindacademically.

Stateofficialshavebeenintheprocessofconsideringrevisingtheguidancetoencourage

in-personlearning,becauseresearchhassofarshownthatschoolsdonotappeartoencourage

communityspreadofcoronavirus.

Lawmakersalsoheardfromseveralschooldistrictsuperintendents.Oneofthem,ArtJarvisof

thePeninsulaSchoolDistrict,echoedwhatReykdalsaidaboutstudentsstrugglingwithremote

learning."We'reseeingmoreevidencethatsocial-emotionalissuesrangingfromdisengagement

withtheschoolstosuicidaltendenciesthatcomewithitneedtobeaddressed."Jarvissaid.

Heurgedlawmakerstopreserveeducationfundingeventhoughstatewidepublicschool

enrollment（入學）hasdropped37percentthisschoolyear,whichwouldmeanacutofabout$500

millioninstatefunding.ThePeninsuladistrictisprovidingin-personleaningforstudentsin

Kindergartenandfirstgrade,buthesaidit'sexpensivetostaffthat.

“Inspiteoflostenrollmentinkindergartenandfirstgrade,wehadtoadd11teachingpositions

forK-linthePeninsulaSchoolDistrictatacostofover$1million.Andtheaddedteachersare

necessarytokeepstudentgroupssmalltoallowforphysicaldistancing.^^Jarvissaid.

12.Whatmainlyleadstostudents5pooracademicperformanceindistancelearning?

A.Devicesandconnectivity.

B.Disengagementwithschools.

C.Poormentalhealth.

D.Insufficientlearningmaterials.

13.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Studentsarereluctanttogobacktoschool.

B.Lawmakersadvocateprovidingdistancelearning.

C.Parentsarelookingforwardtokids1returningtoschool.

D.Stateofficialsforbidin-personlearningforstudents*health.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5referto?

A.Evidence.

B.Assessment.

C.In-personlearning.

D.Remotelearning.

15.WhatJarvissaidinthelastparagraphisintendedto.

A.encouragemorekidstoenrollinschool

B.callonparentstodonatemoneytoschools

C.attractmoreteacherstoin-personlearning

D.discouragelawmakersfromcuttingeducationfunding

【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D

【解析】

本文是說明文。文章講述了通過遠程學習學生們由于脫離學校出現(xiàn)了很多問題。教育專家們

敦促國會議員保持教育資金。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“"They'refailingalot.Anditturnsout,inthebeginning,wethoughtit

wasaboutdevicesandconnectivity.They'refailingbecausethey'renotengaged,''Reykdalsaid.”

可知，“他們失敗了很多次。結果，一開始，我們以為這是設備和連接的問題。他們之所以

失敗，是因為他們沒有參與其中，"Reykdal說。由此可知，學生們通過遠程學習成績差是

因為學生們脫離學校。故選B。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Reykdal'sassessmentcomesatacriticaltime,withanincreasing

numberofcallsfromparentspushingforschooldistrictstobringstudentsbackforface-to-face

learning.Theysaytheirchildrenarelosingmotivation,fallingbehindacademically.M可知，

Reykdal的評估是在一個關鍵時刻提出的，越來越多的家長呼吁各學區(qū)讓學生回到學校進行

面對面的學習。他們說他們的孩子正在失去動力，在學業(yè)上落后。由此可知，家長們期待孩

子們早日返回校園。故選C。

【14題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段""We'reseeingmoreevidencethatsocial-emotionalissuesranging

fromdisengagementwiththeschoolstosuicidaltendenciesthatcomewithitneedtobeaddressed."

Jarvissaid.”可知，“我們看到越來越多的證據(jù)表明，社會情感問題，從與學校脫離到隨之

而來的自殺傾向，都需要解決?！辟Z維斯說。由此推知，劃線詞il指代前面所說的“遠程學

習”。故選D。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Heurgedlawmakerstopreserveeducationfundingeventhough

statewidepublicschoolenrollment（入學）hasdropped37percentthisschoolyear,whichwould

meanacutofabout$500millioninstatefunding.（他敦促議員們保留教育經費，盡管全州公立

學校的入學率本學年下降了37%,這意味著該州的撥款將減少約5億美元）”和最后一段“In

spiteoflostenrollmentinkindergartenandfirstgrade,wehadtoadd11teachingpositionsforK-l

inthePeninsulaSchoolDistrictatacostofover$1million.Andtheaddedteachersarenecessaryto

keepstudentgroupssmalltoallowforphysicaldistancingJarvissaid.（盡管失去了幼兒園和-一年

級的入學人數(shù)，我們不得不在半島學區(qū)增加11個K-1教師職位，花費超過100萬美元。賈

維斯說，增加的教師是必要的，以保持學生群體的小些，以考慮到身體距離）”可知，賈維

斯這番話的目的是勸阻立法者削減教育經費。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有

兩項為多余選項。

In1993,SwedishpsychologistK.AndersEricssonsetouttofindthesecrettoturningatypical

teenintoaviolinvirtuoso.Hisanswer16Thefigurewascalled"themagicnumberof

greatness1'byjournalistandauthorMalcolmGladwellinhis2008bookOutliers.

Theconceptof"practicemakesperfecf*hasbeenrootedintotheheadsofambitiousyouths

sincetheRomanEmpire.17Butcanitbethatsimple?Noteveryexpertagrees.While

trainingisessentialtolearning,spendingalotoftimepracticingsomethingoverandoverdoesn't

meanyou'llgoprofessional,saysZachHambrick,apsychologistatMichiganStateUniversity.

18Inreviewingdifferentstudiesabouttheroleofpracticeinmusic,games,sports,

education,andprofessionalandsuccess,Hambrickfoundthatpracticetimeaccountedforonly

aboutone-quarterofanydifferenceinskilllevel.Otherfactors-likeage,intelligence,andnatural

gifts-allplayedbigrolesinsettingapartthebetterfromthebest.

19Heightmightbeusefulforabasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyou

winaplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmakeyoutallerorabletohitnotesacross

everyoctave.20

Ofcoursethisdoesn'tmeanweshouldallquitpracticing,Hambricksays.Nobodypopsoutof

thewombknowinghowtodanceorplotasneakycheckmate.Butperfectionin10,000hours?

There*snoguarantee.

A.Nevertoooldtopractise.

B.Practice:10,000hoursofit.

C.Genesinparticularshapephysicalandintellectualability.

D.Largeamountsofpianoplayingwillnotmakeyourfingersgrowlonger.

E.Topsportsmenandmusicianshaveallputinthisamountofhardwork.

F.SoanyonecanbeaYo-YoMaaslongastheydevoteenoughtimetopractising.

GBeinggreatisn'tjustaboutworkquantitybutalsoabouttheworkersthemselves.

【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.C20.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。雖然訓練對學習來說是必不可少的，但花大量時間反復練習并不意味著你

就會變得更專業(yè)。文章主要說明了影響練習效果的一些因素。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“In1993,SwedishpsychologistK.AndersEricssonsetouttofindthesecrettoturninga

typicalteenintoaviolinvirtuoso.（1993年，瑞典心理學家K.AndersEricsson開始著手尋找把

一個普通青少年變成小提琴演奏家秘密）“以及后文"Thefigurewascalled"themagic

numberofgreatness"byjournalistandauthorMalcolmGladwellinhis2008bookOutliers.（記者

兼作家MalcolmGladwell在其2008年出版的《異類》一書中稱這個數(shù)字為“偉大的神奇數(shù)

字“）”可知，上文提到心理學家開始尋找通青少年變成小提琴演奏家的秘密，后文則提到

這個數(shù)字，可推知本句是在說明這個秘密與一個數(shù)字有關，B選項中10,000hours對應后文

中Thefigure。故B選項“練習1萬個小時”符合語境，故選B。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Theconceptof''practicemakesperfect"hasbeenrootedintotheheadsofambitious

youthssincetheRomanEmpire.（自羅馬帝國以來，"熟能生巧”的理念就在雄心勃勃的年輕

人的頭腦中根深蒂固）“以及后文"Butcanitbethatsimple?Noteveryexpertagrees.While

trainingisessentialtolearning,spendingalotoftimepracticingsomethingoverandoverdoesn't

meanyou'llgoprofessional,saysZachHambrick,apsychologistalMichiganStateUniversity.（但

事情真的這么簡單嗎？并非所有專家都同意這一觀點。密歇根州立大學的心理學家Zach

Hambrick說，雖然訓練對學習來說是必不可少的，但花大量時間反復練習并不意味著你就

會變得更專業(yè)）”可知，上文提到了“熟能生巧”強調練習的重要性，后文則提到花大量時

間反復練習并不意味著你就會變得更專業(yè)，可推知本句與上文構成因果關系，說明投入足夠

的時間練習的重要性,后文中spendingalotoftimepracticing可與F選項中devoteenoughtime

topractising對應。故F選項“所以只要投入足夠的時間練習，任何人都可以成為馬友友”

符合語境，故選F。

18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Inreviewingdifferentstudiesabouttheroleofpracticeinmusic,games,sports,

education,andprofessionalandsuccess,Hambrickfoundthatpracticetimeaccountedforonly

aboutone-quarterofanydifferenceinskilllevel.Otherfactors-likeage,intelligence,andnatural

gifts-allplayedbigrolesinsettingapartthebetterfromthebest.（在回顧了關于練習在音樂、游戲、

體育、教育、職業(yè)和成功中的作用的不同研究后，漢布里克發(fā)現(xiàn)練習時間只占技能水平差異

的四分之一。其他因素，如年齡、智力和天賦，都在區(qū)分優(yōu)劣中起著重要作用）”可知，后

文提到個人的年齡、智力和天賦，都在區(qū)分優(yōu)劣中起著重要作用，說明優(yōu)秀不僅與練習量有

關，還與個人本身素質有關系。故G選項“優(yōu)秀不僅僅與工作量有關，還與員工本身有關”

符合語境，故選G。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Heightmightbeusefulforabasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwin

aplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmakeyoutallerorabletohitnotesacross

everyoctave.（身高對籃球明星來說可能很有用，寬廣的音域可以幫助你在合唱團中贏得一席

之地。再多的練習也不會讓你長高，也不會讓你唱出每個八度音階上的音符）”可知，后文

提到了能力的提高要受到自身素質的限制，即特定的基因塑造了在某方面的身體素質和智力

能力。故C選項“特定的基因塑造身體素質和智力能力”符合語境，故選C。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Heightmightbeusefulforabasketballstar,andawidevocalrangecouldhelpyouwin

aplaceinthechorus.Andnoamountofpracticewillmakeyoutallerorabletohitnotesacross

everyoctave.（身高對籃球明星來說可能很有用，寬廣音域可以幫助你在合唱團中贏得一席

之地。再多的練習也不會讓你長高，也不會讓你唱出每個八度音階上的音符）”可知，上文

列舉了能力的提高要受到身體條件的客觀影響，本句為本段最后一句，應承接上文繼續(xù)舉例

說明練習受到客觀事實影響，故D選項“大量的鋼琴演奏不會使你的手指變長”符合語境，

故選D。

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的

最佳選項。

Iwasraisedinahousewheremymotherdidnottrustmysistersandmetomanageourown

appearance.Asaresult,therewere21,andtrendswerelargelyignored.

Afewyearsago,Iwashomeforavisitwhenmymom,nowinherearly70s,calledmeintoher

bedroom."Idon'tknowwhattowear”,she22fromhercouch."Yougirlsalwayslookso

good.”

Ilookedather,wonderingifI'd23"Whatdoyoumean?^^Iaskedher."Youknowwhat

towear.

“No.”sheansweredinthecouch.t4Idon't.Canyoupicksomething?”

Iwasso24.

Thiswasthesamewomanwhohadtoldmyyoungersistershewasn'tallowedtowearapairof

ripped（有破洞的）jeans;thesamewomanwho,inhighschool,calledmewhileIwasoutataparty

toaskifmyhairwasup."Don'tdothat,becauseyou