3噸蒸汽錘改造為電液錘設(shè)計說明書畢業(yè)論文.doc

I摘要自由鍛錘是利用沖擊能量使金屬產(chǎn)生塑性變形的鍛壓設(shè)備。由于其具有操作方便、功能性強、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、造價低廉、打擊能量大等特點，目前仍是我國鍛造行業(yè)中鍛件生產(chǎn)的主要加工設(shè)備。蒸汽錘是工廠中常見的一種鍛錘，它是以蒸汽或壓縮空氣作為動力源，實現(xiàn)其鍛造功能。但其能源利用率低，況且蒸汽鍋爐能源消耗大，熱效率低，環(huán)境污染嚴重，故障率高，屬于淘汰設(shè)備。根據(jù)我國國情，將其改造為電液錘是最適宜的一種方法。改造可保留原有機架、砧座及其它基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，只需將原蒸汽錘氣缸去掉，更換上電液錘驅(qū)動頭即可。本設(shè)計主要進行了電液錘電氣部分的設(shè)計，即根據(jù)3T電液錘的工作原理和控制要求，利用西門子S7-200系列PLC為主控元件進行并實現(xiàn)了控制系統(tǒng)的軟硬件設(shè)計。該系統(tǒng)工作可靠，使用方便，操作簡單，功能齊全。關(guān)鍵詞：電液錘控制系統(tǒng)PLCIIAbstractTheforginghammeriscausesthemetalusingtheimpactenergytoproducetheplasticdeformationforgingandstampingequipment.Becauseithastheeaseofoperation,thefunctionalitystrongly,thestructuresimple,theconstructioncostinexpensive,theattackenergybigandsoonthecharacteristics,atpresentstillforgedthemainprocessingequipmentforourcountrywhichintheprofessiontheforgingproduced.Thesteamhammerisinthefactorythecommononekindofforginghammer,itistakesthepowersupplybythesteamorthecompressedair,realizesitsforgingfunction.Butitsenergyconsumesinabigway,thethermalefficiencyislow,theenvironmentalpollutionisserious,thefailurerateishigh,belongseliminatestheequipment.Accordingtoourcountrynationalcondition,itstransformationfortheelectricityliquidhammeristhemostappropriateonemethod.Thetransformationmayretaintheoriginalrack,theanvilandotherinfrastructure,onlymustremovetheoriginalsteamhammeraircylinder,exchangestheelectricityliquidhammertodrivetoinitiatethen.Thisarticlemainlyintroducedtheelectricityliquidhammerelectricitypartdesign,namely3Telectricityliquidhammerprincipleofworkandcontrolrequest.ElaboratedwestoffamilyhouseholdPLCisthemastercontrolpartcontrolsystemsoftwareandhardwaredesignrealizesandapplies,thissystemworkisreliable,theeasytooperate,theoperationissimple,thefunctioniscomplete.KeyWords：ele-hydraulichammercontrolsystemPLCIII目錄摘要IAbstractII第1章改造的目的與背景.11.1改造的目的.11.2改造的背景.1第2章電氣改造的總體設(shè)計.32.1總體設(shè)計思想.32.1.1設(shè)計目標、研究內(nèi)容和擬解決的關(guān)鍵問題.32.1.2設(shè)計方案.3第3章三相異步電動機及低壓電器的選擇.43.1三相異步電動機的選擇.43.2低壓電器的選擇.43.2.1低壓斷路器的選擇.53.2.3接觸器的選擇.83.2.4熱繼電器的選擇.103.2.5其它低壓電器的選擇.103.2.6電纜的選擇.12第4章可編程控制器的選擇與應(yīng)用.134.1可編程控制器概述.134.1.1PLC的產(chǎn)生.134.1.2PLC的定義.144.1.3PLC的優(yōu)點.154.1.4PLC的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域.164.2西門子S7-200系列PLC.174.2.1S7-200PLC概述.174.3S7-200PLC