八年級上冊英語重點.doc

八年級上冊英語重點總結Module 1一、語法 1. Why dont you do . ?提建 2. Why not do . ? Thanks!議的 3. You should (shouldnt) do . . 回答 Good!表達 4. Its a good idea to do . . Excellent!方式 5. Try (not) to do . . 6. How about/ What about doing . ?二、重點句子1. You should speak English in class.2. You should write down your mistakes in your notebooks.3. Why dont you write down the correct spelling and grammar next to the mistakes?4. How about listening to the radio or reading a newspaper in English?5. Try not to translate every word.6. Everyone should have a pen friend and write email messages to each other.7. Its a good idea to check your vocabulary notebook every day.Module 24現(xiàn)在完成時：1. 過去發(fā)生或完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響和后果;2. 結構：由助動詞have/has +動詞的過去分詞構成；肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是“have（has）過去分詞”。注意：該句式中的have或has是助動詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。疑問句現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前?；卮穑篩es, have（has）No, havent（hasnt）否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）過去分詞”。3. 現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語:already, just, yet, since, ever, never；4. 與一般過去時的區(qū)別：一般過去時是強調動作在過去發(fā)生，而現(xiàn)在完成時是強調過去發(fā)生的動作對 現(xiàn)在造成了影響和后果。5.一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, just now, ago, last week, 2 years ago,in 1980等。例：1 We planted (plant) some flowers in the garden last week.2 I have sent (send) the letter.3 He has come (come ) back home, he is watching (watch) TV now.4 David finished (finish) his homework just now.5 The monkeys are full, because we have fed (feed) them.6 A: I have lost (lose) my purse!7 B. Bad luck! When did you lose (lose) it?8 A: I lost (lose) it last night.9 與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的幾個副詞：already, just, ever, yet, never肯定句: already, just疑問句和否定句: ever, yet, neveryet 常置于句末already, never, ever just一般置于助動詞have/has之后，過去分詞之前例：用 already, just或never, yet完成句子1) I have been to many big cities, but I have never been to Shanghai.2) Most of us have already finished our compositions.3) Have they taken down the old pictures yet ? No, not yet .4) He has already visited Beijing twice.5) I have just heard the news. I know it.7. 現(xiàn)在完成時中的for和since（1）for + 一段時間（用How long提問）We have known each other for ten years. 我們相識10年了。（2）since + 句子/具體時間since 引導的短語或從句用How long提問since過去一個時間點（具體的年、月、日、鐘點等）。Tom has eaten nothing since yesterday.since + 一段時間agoWe have been friends since five months ago. 從5個月前起，我們就成了朋友。since+從句，表示“自過去某個時間、某件事情以來”，從句時態(tài)：一般過去時。I have lived here since I left Shanghai.It is+一段時間since從句，表示“自從某件事發(fā)生已有一段時間了”。It is two years since I left school.8. 在含for或since引導的時間狀語的現(xiàn)在完成時中，謂語動詞只能用延續(xù)性動詞。非延續(xù)性動詞不能直接和for或since 連用。leave - be away die - be deadbegin/start - be on finish - be overcome here - be here go there - be therecome back - be back fall asleep - be asleepget to/ arrive/reach - be (in) leave - be away fromgo (get) out - be out open sth - keep sth openjoin - be in+組織機構/be a member of+組織機構fall ill - be ill get up - be upcatch a cold - have a cold borrow - keepbuy - have get to know - knowput on-wear例：1. The old man died 4 years ago. The old man has been dead for 4 years.2. It is 4 years since the old man died. Four years has passed since the old man died.3. He joined the Party 2 years ago. He has been in the Party for 2 years.4. I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days. Module 5反意疑問句：用于對某一事物或觀點沒有確切的把握，或者用于加強自己的觀點。陳述句簡短的一般疑問句 助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞代詞肯定或否定 與陳述句的主語一致肯定 否定否定 肯定注意：1. 反問部分的be動詞，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞要與陳述句部分一致。2. 陳述句與反問句在時態(tài)和人稱上要一致。3. 陳述句部分如果為否定句或含有否定意義的詞（如：nothing，never, little, few等），反問句要用肯定式；陳述句部分如果式肯定句，反問部分要用否定式。例：He was not at home at that time, was he?May listens to pops everyday, doesnt she?We know nothing about him, do we?You havent heard of him, have you?4. 當句子為祈使句時，反問句一般用will you，表示請求或建議對方作某事，詢問對方是否愿意。注：當祈使句為“Lets .”結構時，用shall we 反問。Drive more slowly, will you?Lets walk out of the library quietly, shall we?5. 回答：看陳述句的肯定部分，當事實為肯定時，用Yes；事實為否定時，用No。當陳述句為否定句時，把否定部分忽略，只看肯定部分的意思。Module 6過去進行時1. 基本概念表示在過去某一具體時間內的某一持續(xù)性行為，即過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行的動作。常和表示過去時間的詞組或從句連用。2. 基本結構：be動詞的過去式was/were現(xiàn)在分詞即：was/weredoingwas用于第一人稱及第三人稱單數(shù)，were用于第二人稱及復數(shù)。3. 基本句型肯定式：was/were + doingI/She/He was working on the farm from 2 oclock to 4 oclock.2點到4點我/她/他一直都在農(nóng)場里干活。否定式：was/were + not+ doingI/She/He wasnt working on the farm from 2 oclock to 4 oclock.2點到4點我/她/他并不在農(nóng)場里干活。疑問式：把was/were放于句首。Were you/they working on the farm from 2 oclock to 4 oclock?2點到4點你/你們/他們一直都在農(nóng)場里干活嗎？Yes, I was./Yes, we/they were.是的，我/我們/他們在干活。No, I wasnt./No, we/they werent.不是，我/我們/他們并沒有在干活。時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。4. 基本用法（1）表示過去某時間正在進行的動作或持續(xù)的行為，常和表過去的時間狀語連用。I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的這個時候我正在做作業(yè)。（2）可用來為另一個動作的發(fā)生提供背景。表示背景的句子通常用過去進行時，而另一個句子則用一般過去時。He hurt his leg when he was riding a bike.他在騎車時把腿摔壞了。5. 現(xiàn)在進行時和過去進行時的區(qū)別表示說話時正在進行的動作用現(xiàn)在進行時。I am writing a letter now. (am/is/are+doing)Look! They are waiting for you.10 We are working ( work ) on a farm now.11 Listen! Someone is knocking (knock) at the door.12 Lucy isnt reading ( not read) at the moment.13 Where are they? They are running (run) outside. 表示過去某時正在進行的動作要用過去進行時。My parents were wa