高考英語(yǔ)7選5新題型解題策略.doc

高考英語(yǔ)新題型解題策略7選5閱讀題一、解題步驟第一步：瀏覽首段和全文的中文注解。這樣做的目的是明確文章的基本話題，看全文的中文注解還有一個(gè)好處，就是可以判斷中文注解所在段落的偏重點(diǎn)，這樣就可以方便我們?cè)谏院蟮淖鲱}過程中優(yōu)先選出選項(xiàng)。第二步：標(biāo)出7個(gè)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中的關(guān)鍵詞。關(guān)鍵詞有兩類：名詞、形容詞和副詞第三步：閱讀各空格前后句，圈出關(guān)鍵詞。在了解文章大概方向和了解選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞之后后，就要將空格的前后句中的提示線索，即關(guān)鍵詞圈出來。方便找到文章和選項(xiàng)的匹配點(diǎn)。第四步：比較選項(xiàng)和原文的關(guān)鍵詞。名詞是句子主要說明的內(nèi)容，是不會(huì)發(fā)生改變的，所以原文出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞一定是會(huì)在選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的，這種出現(xiàn)有兩種情況：1、原詞；2、替換詞，即代詞的指代，比如：_. This layer由于空格的后一句中有一個(gè)this layer，所以空格處必然會(huì)出現(xiàn)layer的提示，接下來只要在選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中挑出帶有這個(gè)名詞的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行匹配就可以了。在名詞的替換詞當(dāng)中，要?jiǎng)?wù)必注意空格前后已經(jīng)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的the。形容詞和副詞在考察過程中基本不會(huì)出現(xiàn)原詞的情況，這樣就失去了出題的意義，但選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中一定會(huì)出現(xiàn)和原文感情色彩一致、同類的形容詞和副詞。第五步：將答案帶入原文，看文章是否通暢。二、判斷方法1、空格在段首，關(guān)注邏輯關(guān)系和關(guān)鍵詞，由于文章的兩端之間必然存在著聯(lián)系又同時(shí)存在差別，聯(lián)系在于兩段說明的事物為同一主題，差異在于后端對(duì)前端的邏輯關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)變或者內(nèi)容的擴(kuò)充，這樣才能達(dá)到啟下的作用。所以如果空格在段首，則要注意空格連接的上下文的兩句話的邏輯關(guān)系，以及上段關(guān)鍵詞在本段首句的體現(xiàn)，以及本段第二句新內(nèi)容的承接。2、空格在段中，關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞，空格在段中，我們只要關(guān)注空格前后句的關(guān)鍵詞在哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中有體現(xiàn)即可?？梢越柚潆H間的連接詞語(yǔ)作出判斷，但最主要的還是要真正體會(huì)句際間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，從語(yǔ)序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn)，3、空格在文章的最后，關(guān)注前兩句中的關(guān)鍵詞，空格在文章最后的情況是比較少的，只要關(guān)注空格前的兩句話中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞即可。4、注意，不要過多使用排除法，首先要通讀文章，根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系選出至少兩三項(xiàng)，然后，如果實(shí)在選不出其他的選項(xiàng)，可以把7個(gè)選項(xiàng)中已選出的2個(gè)或者3個(gè)選項(xiàng)劃掉，從剩下的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中利用排除法來選其他選項(xiàng)。三、閱讀填空題的解題策略：1.理清句際間意義的關(guān)系文章的內(nèi)容是根據(jù)各層各段的大意有機(jī)地組合而成，各個(gè)層次，各個(gè)段落之間不管怎樣錯(cuò)落有致，但它所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容都是要圍繞中心的，各句之間都有一定的語(yǔ)脈，從邏輯意義上來看，語(yǔ)段的句際關(guān)系可分為平列、順序、層遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各個(gè)句子之間有時(shí)可以包含一種以上的句際關(guān)系。2.找出句子之間的連接性的詞語(yǔ)文章的語(yǔ)句間的組合，除了從語(yǔ)句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語(yǔ)來把握，因?yàn)檫B接性詞語(yǔ)能表明這個(gè)語(yǔ)段句與句之間、層與層之間的基本關(guān)系是：承接關(guān)系（如so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result等）；平列關(guān)系（如first, second, third;firstly, secondly, thirdly; first, next, then; in the first place, in the second place; for one thing, for another thing;to begin with, to conclude等）；轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（如however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise等）；層遞關(guān)系（如also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, whats more, too, either, neither, notbut, not onlybut also等）。四、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練1根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Before going outside in the morning, many of us check a window thermometer(溫度計(jì))for the temperature. This helps us decide what to wear. 71 . We want our food to be a certain coldness in the refrigerator. We want it a certain hotness in the oven. If we dont feel well, we use a thermometer to see if we have a fever. We keep our rooms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain coolness in the summer.Not all the thermometers use the same system to measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But most other countries use the Centigrade scale.Both systems use the freezing and boiling points of water as their guide. 72 .The most common kind of thermometer is made with mercury(水銀)inside a clear glass tube. As mercury (or any other liquid ) becomes hot, it expands. As it gets colder, it contracts(收縮). That is why on hot days the mercury line is high in the glass tube. 73 .First. Take a clear glass juice bottle that has a cap; fill the bottle with coloured water. Tap a hole in the center of the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap on the jar. Then stick a plastic straw(吸管) through the nail hole. 74 .Finally. Place a white card on the outside of the bottle and behind the straw. Now you can see the water lever easily. 75 .As the temperature goes down, the water will contract, and the lever in the straw will come down. Perhaps you will want to keep a record of the water lever in the straw each morning for a week.A. We use and depend on thermometers to measure the temperature of many other things in our daily lives.B. Thermometers measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are heated or cooled.C. Now that you know this rule you can make a thermometer of your own that will work.D. The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature of the air goes up, the water will expand and rise even higher.E. They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100degrees.F. Take wax (you may use an old candle if you have one) and melt some of it right where the straw is struck into the cap to seal(把.粘住) them together.G. People use thermometers which are made by themselves when travelling around the world.2 Choosing the right job is probably one of the most important decisions we have to make in life, and it is frequently one of the hardest decisions we have to make. One important question that you might ask yourself is: “How do I get a good job?” 71 . There are people who can answer an insignificant advertisement in the local paper and land the best job in the world; others write to all sorts of places all over the country, and never seem to get a reply at all. Still others believe that the in person, door-to-door approach is by far the best way to get a job; and then there are those who, through no active decision of their own, just seem to be in the right place at the right time. 72 . He used to spend a lot of his free time down by the sea watching the tall ships, but never thinking that he might one day sail one of them. His father was a farmer, and being a sailor could never be anything for the boy but an idle dream. One day, on his usual wandering, he heard the captain of the ship complaining that he could not sail because one member of his crew was sick. Without stopping to think, the lad（少年）offered to take his place. 73 . 74 .If the lad had gone home to ponder（考慮） his decision for a week, he may have missed his chance. It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well.Sometimes we hear stories about people who break all the rules and still seem to land plum jobs（美差）. When you go for a job interview or fill out an application, you are expected to say nice things about the company to which you are applying. 75 . And within a year this person had become general manger of the company.A. This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself.B. People find jobs in an infinite number of ways.C. its almost impossible to find a good job by answering advertisement in newspapers D. Take for example the young man who wanted to be a sailor.E. But there was one person who landed an excellent job by telling the interviewer all the companys faults.F. He spent the rest of his life happily sailing the ships he had always loved.G. It is very important to seize an opportunity when it presents itself.3根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red? 71 . Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. 72 . If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. 73 . A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. 74 . A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides(自殺) than any other bridge in the area-until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. 75 . It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.A. On the other hand, black is depressing.B. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favorite color as grow up - we are born with our preference.C. The rooms are painted in different colours as you like.D. If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.E. Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.F. Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.G. Colours do influence our moods-there is no doubt about it1.答案與解析:71. A。從前面上下文意義可知溫度計(jì)在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械墓δ?，便可知道選擇A正確。72. E。從上文可