寫作：抓住細(xì)節(jié)精選教學(xué)ppt課件

.,寫作,抓住細(xì)節(jié),.,運(yùn)用你的想象合理擴(kuò)展一句話，恰當(dāng)?shù)靥砑觿?dòng)作、表情、神態(tài)、語言、心理等將這句話的內(nèi)容充實(shí)起來。*她罵他懦夫（櫻桃山菊罵紅紅野孩子）*她罵他道：“你真是一個(gè)懦夫”（添加語言）*她用手指著他的鼻子罵道：“你真是一個(gè)懦夫”（添加動(dòng)作）*她早已被氣得渾身顫抖，臉色鐵青，怒睜杏目，用手指著他的鼻子罵道：“你真是一個(gè)懦夫”（添加神態(tài)）其實(shí)她早已被氣得渾身顫抖，臉色鐵青，但她還是在不斷的告誡自己：不要失態(tài)、不要罵人！最終她實(shí)在是忍不住了，于是怒睜杏目，用手指著他的鼻子罵道：“你真是一個(gè)懦夫”（添加心理）,.,細(xì)節(jié)描寫文學(xué)作品中對(duì)人物動(dòng)作、語言、神態(tài)、心理、外貌以及自然景觀、場(chǎng)面氣氛等細(xì)小環(huán)節(jié)或情節(jié)的描寫。使讀者如見其人，如睹其物，如臨其境。細(xì)節(jié)描寫在刻畫人物性格、豐滿人物形象、連接故事情節(jié)、豐富作品內(nèi)涵等方面具有重要作用。生動(dòng)的細(xì)節(jié)描寫，有助于折射廣闊的生活畫面，表現(xiàn)深刻的社會(huì)主題。,.,方法一：精用動(dòng)詞,我看見他戴著黑布小帽，穿著黑布大馬褂，深青布棉袍，蹣跚地走到鐵道邊，慢慢探身下去，尚不大難?？墒撬┻^鐵道，要爬上那邊月臺(tái)，就不容易了。他用兩手攀著上面，兩腳再向上縮；他肥胖的身子向左微傾，顯出努力的樣子。這時(shí)我看見他的背影，我的淚很快地流下來了。（摘自朱自清背影）,.,方法二：巧用修飾語,父親佝僂著身子，慢慢地朝前面一個(gè)小店走去。進(jìn)了店門，父親堆著滿臉的笑：“老板，生意好！請(qǐng)幫幫忙，換兩張大鈔票。”笑著說著，貼滿膏藥的手伸進(jìn)夾衣口袋，抖抖索索地摸出一大把錢，攤到柜臺(tái)上，當(dāng)著老板的面，幾分的，幾角的，半天才湊足了20塊錢。(摘自山路彎彎),.,方法三：巧妙的運(yùn)用修辭,對(duì)事物加以淡妝濃抹，能使語言增亮增色，提高文章品味給人以美感。母親曾經(jīng)有過一頭濃密的黑發(fā)，柔軟、亮潔、光澤，由于一生辛勞，捧出所有的心血，奉獻(xiàn)最純潔的母愛，來撫育我們成長，所以未老先衰，四十幾歲，頭發(fā)開始花白。先是兩鬢染霜，后來是額前飄白，就象春天黛青的遠(yuǎn)山里悄然冒出一抹殘雪，一絲絲，一縷縷垂在飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的臉上，再后來腦前腦后全沾滿了白發(fā)，白得我們兒女們心疼。,.,總之，好的細(xì)節(jié)描寫，就猶如一座座精美的靈魂，有了它才能使人物性格鮮明，形象栩栩如生。拋磚引玉,.,03,01,02,精用動(dòng)詞,服務(wù)巧用修飾語,巧妙的運(yùn)用修辭,抓住細(xì)節(jié),.,寫作實(shí)踐,.,Reader,Imarriedhim.Aquietweddingwehad:heandI,thmoreorlessConstanceChatterleysposition.Thewarhadbroughttheroofdownoverherhead.Andshehadrealizedthatonemustliveandlearn.ShemarriedCliffordChatterleyin1917,whenhewashomeforamonthonleave.Theyhadamonthshoneymoon6.ThenhewentbacktoFlanders:tobeshippedovertoEnglandagainsixmonthslater,moreorlessinbits.Constance,hiswife,wasthentwenty-threeyearsold,andhewastwenty-nine.Hisholdonlifewasmarvellous.Hedidntdie,andthebitsseemedtogrowtogetheragain.Fortwoyearsheremainedinthedoctorshands.Thenhewaspronouncedacure,andcouldreturntolifeagain,withthelowerhalfofhisbody,fromthehips7down,paralysedforever.Thiswasin1920.Theyreturned,CliffordandConstance,tohishome,WragbyHall,thefamilyseat.Hisfatherhaddied,Cliffordwasnowabaronet,SirClifford,andConstancewasLadyChatterley.TheycametostarthousekeepingandmarriedlifeintheratherforlornhomeoftheChatterleysonaratherinadequate9income.Cliffordhadasister,butshehaddeparted.Otherwisetherewerenonearrelatives.Theelderbrotherwasdeadinthewar.Crippledforever,knowinghecouldneverhaveanychildren,CliffordcamehometothesmokyMidlandstokeeptheChatterleynamealivewhilehecould.Hewasnotreallydowncast.Hecouldwheelhimselfaboutinawheeledchair,andhehadabath-chairwithasmallmotorattachment10,sohecoulddrivehimselfslowlyroundthegardenandintothelinemelancholy11park,ofwhichhewasreallysoproud,thoughhepretendedtobeflippantaboutit.Havingsufferedsomuch,thecapacityforsufferinghadtosomeextentlefthim.Heremainedstrangeandbrightandcheerful,almost,onemightsay,chirpy,withhisruddy,healthy-lookingface,arid12hispale-blue,challengingbrighteyes.Hisshoulderswerebroadandstrong,hishandswereverystrong.Hewasexpensivelydressed,andworehandsomenecktiesfromBondStreet.Yetstillinhisfaceonesawthewatchful13look,theslightvacancy14ofacripple.Hehadsoverynearlylosthislife,thatwhatremainedwaswonderfullyprecioustohim.Itwasobviousintheanxiousbrightnessofhiseyes,howproudhewas,afterthegreatshock,ofbeingalive.Buthehadbeensomuchhurtthatsomethinginsidehimhadperished,someofhisfeelingshadgone.Therewasablankofinsentience.Constance,hiswife,wasaruddy,country-lookinggirlwithsoftbrownhairandsturdybody,andslowmovements,fullofunusualenergy.Shehadbig,wonderingeyes,andasoftmildvoice,andseemedjusttohavecomefromhernativevillage.Itwasnotsoatall.Herfatherwastheoncewell-knownR.A.,oldSirMalcolmReid.HermotherhadbeenoneofthecultivatedFabiansinthepalmy,ratherpre-Raphaelitedays.Betweenartistsandculturedsocialists16,ConstanceandhersisterHildahadhadwhatmightbecalledanaesthetically17unconventionalupbringing.TheyhadbeentakentoParisandFlorenceandRometobreatheinart,andtheyhadbeentakenalsointheotherdirection,totheHagueandBerlin,togreatSocialist15conventions,wherethespeakersspoke18ineverycivilized19tongue,andnoonewasabashed20.Thetwogirls,therefore,werefromanearlyagenottheleastdaunted21byeitherartoridealpolitics.Itwastheirnaturalatmosphere.Theywereatoncecosmopolitan22andprovincial23,withthecosmopolitanprovincialismofartthatgoeswithpuresocialideals.TheyhadbeensenttoDresdenattheageoffifteen,formusicamongotherthings.Andtheyhadhadagoodtimethere.Theylivedfreelyamongthestudents,theyarguedwiththemenoverphilosophical24,sociologicalandartistic25matters,theywerejustasgoodasthementhemselves:onlybetter,sincetheywerewomen.Andtheytrampedofftotheforestswithsturdyyouthsbearingguitars,twang-twang!TheysangtheWandervogelsongs,andtheywerefree.Free!Thatwasthegreatword.Outintheopenworld,outintheforestsofthemorning,withlustyandsplendid-throatedyoungfellows,freetodoastheyliked,and-aboveall-tosaywhattheyliked.Itwasthetalkthatmatteredsupremely26:theimpassionedinterchangeoftalk.Lovewasonlyaminor27accompaniment.BothHildaandConstancehadhadtheirtentativelove-affairsbythetimetheywereeighteen.Theyoungmenwithwhomtheytalkedsopassionately28andsangsolustilyandcampedunderthetreesinsuchfreedomwanted,ofcourse,theloveconnexion.Thegirlsweredoubtful,butthenthethingwassomuchtalkedabout,itwassupposedtobesoimportant.Andthemenweresohumble29andcraving30.Whycouldntagirlbequeenly,andgivethegiftofherself?Sotheyhadgiventhegiftofthemselves,eachtotheyouthwithwhomshehadthemostsubtleandintimatearguments.Thearguments,thediscussionswerethegreatthing:thelove-makingandconnexionwereonlyasortofprimitive31reversionandabitofananti-climax.Onewaslessinlovewiththeboyafterwards,andalittleinclinedtohatehim,asifhehadtrespassed32ononesprivacyandinnerfreedom.For,ofcourse,beingagirl,oneswholedignityandmeaninginlifeconsistedintheachievementofanabsolute,aperfect,apureandnoblefreedom.Whatelsedidagirlslifemean?Toshakeofftheoldandsordid33connexionsandsubjections.Andhoweveronemightsentimentalizeit,thissexbusinesswasoneofthemostancient,sordidconnexionsandsubjections.Poetswhoglorified34itweremostlymen.Womenhadalwaysknowntherewassomethingbetter,somethinghigher.Andnowtheyknewitmoredefinitelythanever.Thebeautifulpurefreedomofawomanwasinfinitely35morewonderfulthananysexuallove.Theonlyunfortunatethingwasthatmenlaggedsofarbehindwomeninthematter.Theyinsistedonthesexthinglikedogs.Andawomanhadtoyield.Amanwaslikeachildwithhisappetites.Awomanhadtoyieldhimwhathewanted,orlikeachildhewouldprobablyturnnastyandflounceawayandspoilwhatwasaverypleasantconnexion.Butawomancouldyieldtoamanwithoutyieldingherinner,freeself.Thatthepoetsandtalkersaboutsexdidnotseemtohavetakensufficiently36intoaccount.Awomancouldtakeamanwithoutreallygivingherselfaway.Certainlyshecouldtakehimwithoutgivingherselfintohispower.Rathershecouldusethissexthingtohavepoweroverhim.Forsheonlyhadtoholdherselfbackinsexualintercourse37,andlethimfinishandexpend38himselfwithoutherselfcomingtothecrisis:andthenshecouldeparsonandclerk,werealonepresent.Whenwegotbackfromchurch,Iwentintothekitchenofthemanor-house,whereMarywascookingthedinnerandJohncleaningtheknives,andIsaid-Mary,IhavebeenmarriedtoMr.Rochesterthismorning.Thehousekeeper2andherhusbandwerebothofthatdecentphlegmatic3orderofpeople,towhomonemayatanytimesafelycommunicatearemarkable4pieceofnewswithoutincurring5thedangerofhavingonesearspiercedbysomeshrill6ejaculation,andsubsequentlystunned7byatorrent8ofwordywonderment.Marydidlookup,andshedidstareatme:theladlewithwhichshewasbasting9apairofchickensroastingatthefire,didforsomethreeminuteshangsuspendedinair;andforthesamespaceoftimeJohnsknivesalsohadrestfromthepolishingprocess:butMary,bendingagainovertheroast,saidonly-Haveyou,Miss?Well,forsure!Ashorttimeaftershepursued-Iseedyougooutwiththemaster,butIdidntknowyouweregonetochurchtobewed1;andshebasted10away.John,whenIturnedtohim,wasgrinningfromeartoear.ItelledMaryhowitwouldbe,hesaid:IknewwhatMr.Edward(Johnwasanoldservant,andhadknownhismasterwhenhewasthecadetofthehouse,therefore,heoftengavehimhisChristian11name)-IknewwhatMr.Edwardwoulddo;andIwascertainhewouldnotwaitlongneither:andhesdoneright,foraughtIknow.Iwishyoujoy,Miss!andhepolitelypulledhisforelock.Thankyou,John.Mr.RochestertoldmetogiveyouandMarythis.Iputintohishandafive-poundnote.Withoutwaitingtohearmore,Ileftthekitchen.Inpassingthedoorofthatsanctumsometimeafter,Icaughtthewords-Shellhappendobetterforhimnoronyotgrandladies.Andagain,Ifshebentoneothhandsomest,shesnoanfaalandvarrygood-natured;andihiseenshesfairbeautiful,onybodymayseethat.IwrotetoMoor12HouseandtoCambridgeimmediately,tosaywhatIhaddone:fully13explainingalsowhyIhadthusacted.DianaandMaryapprovedthestepunreservedly.Dianaannouncedthatshewouldjustgivemetimetogetoverthehoneymoon14,andthenshewouldcomeandseeme.Shehadbetternotwaittillthen,Jane,saidMr.Rochester,whenIreadherlettertohim;ifshedoes,shewillbetoolate,forourhoneymoonwillshineourlifelong:itsbeamswillonlyfadeoveryourgraveormine.HowSt.Johnreceivedthenews,Idontknow:heneveransweredtheletterinwhichIcommunicatedit:yetsixmonthsafterhewrotetome,without,however,mentioningMr.Rochestersnameoralluding15tomymarriage.Hisletterwasthencalm,and,thoughveryserious,kind.Hehasmaintainedaregular,thoughnotfrequent,correspondenceeversince:hehopesIamhappy,andtrustsIamnotofthosewholivewithoutGodintheworld,andonlymindearthlythings.YouhavenotquiteforgottenlittleAdele,haveyou,reader?Ihadnot;IsoonaskedandobtainedleaveofMr.Rochester,togoandseeherattheschoolwherehehadplacedher.Herfrantic16joyatbeholding17meagainmovedmemuch.Shelookedpaleandthin:shesaidshewasnothappy.Ifoundtherulesoftheestablishmentweretoostrict,itscourseofstudytoosevereforachildofherage:Itookherhomewithme.Imeanttobecomehergovernessoncemore,butIsoonfoundthisimpracticable;mytimeandcareswerenowrequiredbyanother-myhusbandneededthemall.SoIsoughtoutaschoolconductedonamoreindulgentsystem,andnearenoughtopermitofmyvisitingheroften,andbringingherhomesometimes.Itookcaresheshouldneverwantforanythingthatcouldcontributetohercomfort:shesoonsettledinhernewabode18,becameveryhappythere,andmadefairprogressinherstudies.Asshegrewup,asoundEnglisheducationcorrectedinagreatmeasureherFrenchdefects;andwhensheleftschool,Ifoundinherapleasingandobligingcompanion:docile19,good-tempered,andwell-principled.Byhergratefulattentiontomeandmine,shehaslongsincewellrepaidanylittlekindnessIeverhaditinmypowertoofferher.Mytaledrawstoitsclose:onewordrespectingmyexperienceofmarriedlife,andonebriefglanceatthefortunesofthosewhosenameshavemostfrequentlyrecurred20inthisnarrative21,andIhavedone.Ihavenowbeenmarriedtenyears.Iknowwhatitistoliveentirely22forandwithwhatIlovebestonearth.Iholdmyselfsupremely23blest-blestbeyondwhatlanguagecanexpress;becauseIammyhusbandslifeasfullyisheismine.NowomanwasevernearertohermatethanIam:evermoreabsolutelyboneofhisboneandfleshofhisflesh.IknownowearinessofmyEdwardssociety:heknowsnoneofmine,anymorethanweeachdoofthepulsation24oftheheartthatbeatsinourseparatebosoms25;consequently,weareevertogether.Tobetogetherisforustobeatonceasfreeasinsolitude26,asgayasincompany.Wetalk,Ibelieve,alldaylong:totalktoeachotherisbutamoreanimated27andanaudiblethinking.Allmyconfidenceisbestowed28onhim,allhisconfidenceisdevoted29tome;weareprecisely30suitedincharacter-perfectconcord31istheresult.Mr.Rochestercontinuedblindthefirsttwoyearsofourunion;perhapsitwasthatcircumstancethatdrewussoverynear-thatknitussoveryclose:forIwasthenhisvision,asIamstillhisrighthand.Literally32,Iwas(whatheoftencalledme)theappleofhiseye.Hesawnature-hesawbooksthroughme;andneverdidIwearyofgazingforhisbehalf,andofputtingintowordstheeffectoffield,tree,town,river,cloud,sunbeam-ofthelandscapebeforeus;oftheweatherroundus-andimpressingbysoundonhisearwhatlightcouldnolongerstamponhiseye.NeverdidIwearyofreadingtohim;neverdidIwearyofconductinghimwherehewishedtogo:ofdoingforhimwhathewishedtobedone.Andtherewasapleasureinmyservices,mostfull,mostexquisite33,eventhoughsad-becauseheclaimedtheseserviceswithoutpainfulshameordampinghumiliation34.Helovedmesotruly,thatheknewnoreluctance35inprofitingbymyattendance:hefeltIlovedhimsofondly,thattoyieldthatattendancewastoindulgemysweetestwishes.Onemorningattheendofthetwoyears,asIwaswritingalettertohisdictation,hecameandbent36overme,andsaid-Jane,haveyouaglitteringornament37roundyourneck?Ihadagoldwatch-chain:IansweredYes.Andhaveyouapalebluedresson?Ihad.Heinformedmethen,thatforsometimehehadfanciedtheobscuritycloudingoneeyewasbecominglessdense38;andthatnowhewassureofit.HeandIwentuptoLondon.Hehadtheadviceofaneminent39oculist40;andheeventuallyrecoveredthesightofthatoneeye.Hecannotnowseeverydistinctly:hecannotreadorwritemuch;buthecanfindhiswaywithoutbeingledbythehand:theskyisnolongerablanktohim-theearthnolongeravoid.Whenhisfirst-bornwasputintohisarms,hecouldseethattheboyhadinheritedhisowneyes,astheyoncewere-large,brilliant,andblack.Onthatoccasion,heagain,withafullheart,acknowledgedthatGodhadtemperedjudgment41withmercy.MyEdwardandI,then,arehappy:andthemoreso,becausethosewemostlovearehappylikewise.DianaandMaryRiversarebothmarried:alternately,onceeveryyear,theycometoseeus,andwegotoseethem.Dianashusbandisacaptaininthenavy,agallant42officerandagoodman.Marysisaclergyman,acollegefriendofherbrothers,and,fromhisattainments43andprinciples,worthy44oftheconnection.BothCaptainFitzjamesandMr.Whartonlovetheirwives,andarelovedbythem.AstoSt.JohnRivers,heleftEngland:hewenttoIndia.Heenteredonthepathhehadmarkedforhimself;hepursuesitstill.Amoreresolute45,indefatigable46pi