2018年6月英語四級考試真題及答案第1套

1、2018年6月英語四級考試真題及答案第1套Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Part II ListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreen

2、ewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2areb

3、asedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1. A)Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsowner'sdaughter.B) ANewHampshireman'sjokewithfriendsonhiswife.C) Afather'smessageforhisdaughter.D) Thehistoryofacentury-oldmotel.2. A)Shewantedtoshowgratitudeforhiskindness.B) Shewantedtohonorherfather'spromise.C

4、) Shehadbeenaskedbyherfathertodoso.D) Shewasexcitedtoseeherfather'shandwriting.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3. A)Peoplewereconcernedaboutthenumberofbees.B) SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.C) Twomillionbeeswereinfectedwithdisease.D) Zikavirushaddestroyedsomebee

5、farms.4. A)Itapologizedtoitscustomers.B) Itwasforcedtokillitsbees.C) Itlostahugestockofbees.D) Itlostmilliondollars.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5. A)Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours.B) Ittookoffandlandedonafootballfield.C) Itprovedtobeofhighcommercialvalue.D) Itmadeaseriesof

6、sharpturnsinthesky.6. A)Engineeringproblems.B) Theairpollutionitproduced.C) Inadequatefunding.D) Theoppositionfromthemilitary.7. A)Itusesthelatestaviationtechnology.B) Itfliesfasterthanacommercialjet.C) Itisasafermeansoftransportation.D) Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.SectionBDirections:Inthissecti

7、on,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecen

8、tre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8. A)Itseemsadepressingtopic.B) Itsoundsquitealarming.C) Ithaslittleimpactonourdailylife.D) Itisgettingmoreseriousthesedays.9. A)Themandoesn'tunderstandSpanish.B) Thewomandoesn'treallylikedancing.C) Theydon'twantsomethingtoonois

9、y.D) Theycan'tmakeittothetheatreintime.10. A)ItwouldbemorefunwithoutMr.Whiteheadhosting.B) Ithastoomanyactstoholdtheaudience'sattention.C) Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverwatched.D) Itisashowinappropriateforanightofcharity.11. A)Watchacomedy.B) Goandseethedance.C) Booktheticketsonline.D) Seea

10、filmwiththeman.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12. A)Mostofherschoolmatesareyoungerthansheis.B) Shesimplyhasnoideawhatschooltotransferto.C) Therearetoomanyactivitiesforhertocopewith.D) Sheworriesshewon'tfitinasatransferstudent.13. A)Seekadvicefromseniorstudents.B) Pickup

11、somemeaningfulhobbies.C) Participateinafter-schoolactivities.D) Lookintowhattheschooloffers.14. A)Giveherhelpwheneversheneedsit.B) Acceptherasatransferstudent.C) Findheraccommodationoncampus.D) Introducehertoherroommates.15. A)ShehasinterestssimilartoMr.Lee's.B) ShehasbecomefriendswithCatherine.

12、C) ShehaschosenthemajorCatherinehas.D) Shehasjusttransferredtothecollege.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoice

13、smarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16. A)Toinvestigatehowbeingoverweightimpactsonhealth.B) Tofindoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.C) Todiscoverwhatmostmiceliketoeat.D) Todeterminew

14、hatfeelingsmicehave.17. A)Whentheyarehungry.B) Whentheyarethirsty.C) Whentheysmellfood.D) Whentheywantcompany.18. A)Theysearchforfoodingroups.B) Theyareoverweightwhenfoodisplenty.C) Theyprefertobewithothermice.D) Theyenjoythecompanyofotheranimals.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.1

15、9. A)ItsconstructionstartedbeforeWorldWarI.B) Itsconstructioncostmorethan$40billion.C) Itisefficientlyusedfortransport.D) Itisoneofthebestintheworld.20. A)Toimprovetransportationinthecountryside.B) Tomovetroopsquicklyfromplacetoplace.C) Toenablepeopletotravelatahigherspeed.D) Tospeedupthetransportat

16、ionofgoods.21. A)Inthe1970s.B) Inthe1960s.C) Inthe1950s.D) Inthe1940s.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22. A)Chattingwhiledriving.B) Messagingwhiledriving.C) Drivingunderage.D) Speedingonhighways.23. A)Agadgettoholdaphoneonthesteeringwheel.B) Agadgettochargethephoneinacar.C) Adevi

17、cetocontrolthespeedofavehicle.D) Adevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.24. A)Thecarkeepsflashingitsheadlights.B) Thecarslowsdowngraduallytoahalt.C) Theyarealertedwithalightandasound.D) Theygetawarningontheirsmartphone.25. A)Installingacamera.B) Usingaconnectedapp.C) Checkingtheiremails.D) Keepinga

18、dailyrecord.PartinReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter

19、.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.AnofficetoweronMillerStreetinManchesteriscompletelycoveredinsolarpanels.Theyareusedtocreatesomeoftheenergyusedbytheinsurancecompanyinside.Whenthetowerwasfirst26in1

20、962,itwascoveredwiththinsquarestones.Thesesmallsquarestonesbecameaproblemforthebuildingandcontinuedtofalloffthefacefor40yearsuntilamajorrenovationwas27.Duringthisrenovationthebuilding'sowners,CIS,28thesolarpanelcompany,Solarcentury.Theyagreedtocovertheentirebuildinginsolarpanels.In2004,thecomple

21、tedCIStowerbecameEurope'slargest29ofverticalsolarpanels.Averticalsolarprojectonsuchalarge30hasneverbeenrepeatedsince.Coveringaskyscraperwithsolarpanelshadneverbeendonebefore,andtheCIStowerwaschosenasoneofthe"10bestgreenenergyprojects".Foralongtimeafterthisrenovationproject,itwasthetall

22、estbuildingintheUnitedKingdom,butitwas31overtakenbytheMillbankTower.Greenbuildingslikethisaren't32cost-efficientfortheinvestor,butitdoesproducemuchlesspollutionthanthatcausedbyenergy33throughfossilfuels.Assolarpanelsget34,theworldislikelytoseemoreskyscraperscoveredinsolarpanels,collectingenergym

23、uchliketreesdo.Imagineaworldwherebuildingthetallestskyscraperwasn'taraceof35,butratheronetocollectthemostsolarenergy.A)cheaperB)cleanerC)collectionD)competedE)constructedF)consultedG)dimensionH)discoveredI)eventuallyJ)heightK)necessarilyL)productionM)rangeN)scaleO)undertakenSectionBDirections:In

24、thissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAns

25、werSheet2.SomeCollegeStudentsAreAngryThatTheyHavetoPaytoDoTheirHomeworkA) Digitallearningsystemsnowchargestudentsforaccesscodesneededtocompletecoursework,takequizzes,andturninhomework.Asuniversitiesgodigital,studentsarecomplainingofanewhittotheirfinancesthat'sreplacingandsometimesjoiningexpensiv

26、etextbooks:priceyonlineaccesscodesthatarerequiredtocompletecourseworkandsubmitassignments.B) Thecodeswhichtypicallyrangeinpricefrom$80to$155percoursegivestudentsonlineaccesstosystemsdevelopedbyeducationcompanieslikeMcGrawHillandPearson.Thesecompanies,whichlongreapedbigprofitsastextbookpublishers,hav

27、eboastedthattheirnewonlineofferings,whenpushedtostudentsthroughuniversitiestheypartnerwith,representthefutureoftheindustry.C) Butcriticssaythedigitalaccesscodesrepresentthesameprofit-seekingethos(觀念)ofthetextbookbusiness,andareevenharderforstudentstooptoutof.Whiletheycouldoncebuysecond-handtextbooks

28、,orsharecopieswithfriends,thedigitalsystemsareessentiallyimpossibletoavoid.D) "Whenwetalkabouttheaccesscodeweseeitasthenewfaceofthetextbookmonopoly(壟斷)，anewwaytolockstudentsaroundthissystem,"saidEthanSenack,thehighereducationadvocateforthe.PublicInterestResearchGroup,toBuzzFeedNews."R

29、atherthan$250(foraprinttextbook)you'repaying$120,"saidSenack."Butbecauseit'salldigitaliteliminatestheusedbookmarketandeliminatesanysharingandbecausehomeworkandtestsarethroughanaccesscode,iteliminatesanyabilitytooptout."E) SarinaHarpet,a19-year-oldstudentatVirginiaTech,wasfaced

30、withatoughdilemmawhenshefirststartedcollegein2015payrentorpaytoturninherchemistryhomework.ShetoldBuzzFeedNewsthatherfreshmanchemistryclassrequiredhertouseConnect,asystemprovidedbyMcGrawHillwherestudentscansubmithomework,takeexamsandtracktheirgrades.Butthecodetoaccesstheprogramcost$120abigsumforHarpe

31、r,whohadalreadyputdown$450fortextbooks,andhadrentdayapproaching.F) Shedecidedtowaitforhernextwork-studypaycheck,whichwastypically$150-$200,topayforthecode.Sheknewthatherchemistrygrademaytakeadiveasaresult."It'sabalancingact,"shesaid."CanIreallyaffordtheseaccesscodesnow"Shedid

32、n'thandinherfirsttwoassignmentsforchemistry,whichstartedheroutintheclasswithafailinggrade.G) Theaccesscodesmaybeanotherfinancialheadacheforstudents,butfortextbookbusinesses,they'rethefuture.McGrawHill,whichcontrols21%ofthehighereducationmarket,reportedinMarchthatitsdigitalcontentsalesexceede

33、dprintsalesforthefirsttimein2015.Thecompanysaidthat45%ofits$140millionrevenuein2015"wasderivedfromdigitalproducts."H)APearsonspokespersontoldBuzzFeedNewsthat"digitalmaterialsarelessexpensiveandagoodinvestment"thatoffernewfeatures,likeaudiotexts,personalizedknowledgechecksandexper

34、tvideos.Itsdigitalcoursematerialssavestudentsupto60%comparedtotraditionalprintedtextbooks,thecompanyadded.McGrawHilldidn'trespondtoarequestforcomment,butitsCEODavidLevintoldtheFinancialTimesinAugustthat"inhighereducation,theeraoftheprintedtextbookisnowover."I) Thetextbookindustryinsist

35、stheonlinesystemsrepresentabetterdealforstudents."Thesedigitalproductsaren'tjustmechanismsforstudentstosubmithomework,theyofferallkindsoffeatures,"DavidAnderson,theexecutivedirectorofhighereducationwiththeAssociationofAmericanPublishers,toldBuzzFeedNews."Ithelpsstudentsunderstandi

36、nawaythatyoucan'tdowithprinthomeworkassignments.J) DavidHunt,anassociateprofessorinsociologyatAugustaUniversity,whichhasrolledoutdigitaltextbooksacrossitsmathandpsychologydepartments,toldBuzzFeedNewsthatheunderstandstheutilityofusingsystemsthatrequireaccesscodes.Buthedoesn'trequirehisstudent

37、stobuyaccesstoalearningprogramthatcontrolstheclassassignments."Itrytomakethingsasinexpensiveaspossible,"saidHunt,whousesfreedigitaltextbooksforhisclassesbutdesignshisowncurriculum."TheonlinesystemsmaymakemylifealoteasierbutIfeellikeI'mgivingupcontrol.Thediscussionsarethethingswher

38、emyexpertisecanbenefitthestudentsmost."K) A20-year-oldjunioratGeorgiaSouthernUniversitytoldBuzzFeedNewsthatshenormallyspends$500-$600onaccesscodesforclass.Inonecase,theprofessordidn'trequirestudentstobuyatextbook,justanaccesscodetoturninhomework.Thisyearshesaidshespent$900onaccesscodestoboo

39、ksandprograms."That'stwomonthsofrent,"shesaid."Youcan'tsellanyofitback.Withatraditionaltextbookyoucansellitfor$30-$50andthathelpstopayforyournewsemester'sbooks.Withanaccesscode,you'reoutofthatmoney."L) BenjaminWolverton,a19-year-oldstudentattheUniversityofSouthCar

40、olina,toldBuzzFeedNewsthat"it'sridiculousthatafterpayingtensofthousandsintuitionwehavetopayforalltheseaccesscodestodoourhomework."Manyoftheaccesscodeshe'spurchasedhavebeenrequiredsimplytocompletehomeworkorquizzes."Oftenit'sonly10%ofyourgradeinclass."hesaid."You&#

41、39;repayingsomuchmoneyforsomethingthathardlyaffectsyourgradebutifyoudidn'thaveit,itwouldaffectyourgradesenough.ItwouldbebadtostartoutataBorC."Wolvertonsaidhespent$500onaccesscodesfordigitalbooksandprogramsthissemester.M) Harper,apoultry(家禽)sciencemajor,istakingchemistryagainthisyearandhadto

42、buyanewaccesscodetohandinherhomework.Sherentedhereconomicsandstatisticstextbooksforabout$20each.Butheraccesscodesforhomework,whichcan'tberentedorboughtsecond-hand,werehermostexpensivepurchases:$120and$85.N) Shestillremembersthestingofherfirstexperienceskippinganassignmentduetothehighprices."

43、;Wedon'treallyhaveamissedassignmentpolicy,"shesaid."Ifyoumissit,youjustmissit.Ijustgotzerosonacoupleoffirstassignments.Imanagedtopulleverythingbackup.Butasascaredfreshmanlookingattheirgrades,it'snotfun."36. Astudent'syearlyexpensesonaccesscodesmayamounttotheirrentfortwomon

44、ths.37. Theonlineaccesscodesmaybeseenasawaytotiethestudentstothedigitalsystem.38. Ifastudenttakesacourseagain,theymayhavetobuyanewaccesscodetosubmittheirassignments.39. McGrawHillaccountsforoverone-fifthofthemarketshareofcollegetextbooks.40. Manytraditionaltextbookpublishersarenowofferingonlinedigit

45、alproducts,whichtheybelievewillbethefutureofthepublishingbusiness.41. Onestudentcomplainedthattheynowhadtopayforaccesscodesinadditiontothehightuition.42. Digitalmaterialscancoststudentslessthanhalfthepriceoftraditionalprintedbooksaccordingtoapublisher.43. Onestudentdecidednottobuyheraccesscodeuntils

46、hereceivedthepayforherpart-timejob.44. Onlinesystemsmaydepriveteachersofopportunitiestomakethebestuseoftheirexpertisefortheirstudents.45. Digitalaccesscodesarecriticizedbecausetheyareprofit-drivenjustlikethetextbookbusiness.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysom

47、equestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46and50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Losingyourabilitytothinkandrememberisprettyscary.Wekno

48、wtheriskofdementia(癡呆癥)increaseswithage.Butifyouhavememoryslips,youprobablyneedn'tworry.Thereareprettycleardifferencesbetweensignsofdementiaandage-relatedmemoryloss.Afterage50,it'squitecommontohavetroublerememberingthenamesofpeople,placesandthingsquickly,saysDr.KirkDaffnerofBrighamandWomen&#

49、39;sHospitalinBoston.Thebrainagesjustliketherestofthebody.Certainpartsshrink,especiallyareasinthebrainthatareimportanttolearning,memoryandplanning.Changesinbraincellscanaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Andbloodflowcanbereducedasbloodvesselsnarrow.Forgettingthenameofanactorinafavo

50、ritemovie,forexample,isnothingtoworryabout.Butifyouforgettheplotofthemovieordon'trememberevenseeingit,that'sfarmoreconcerning,Daffnersays.Whenyouforgetentireexperiences,hesays,that's"aredflagthatsomethingmoreseriousmaybeinvolved."Forgettinghowtooperateafamiliarobjectlikeamicrow

51、aveoven,orforgettinghowtodrivetothehouseofafriendyou'vevisitedmanytimesbeforecanalsobesignsofsomethinggoingwrong.Buteventhen,Daffnersays,peopleshouldn'tpanic.Therearemanythingsthatcancauseconfusionandmemoryloss,includinghealthproblemsliketemporarystoppageofbreathingduringsleep,highbloodpress

52、ure,ordepression,aswellasmedications(藥物)likeantidepressants.Youdon'thavetofigurethisoutonyourown.Daffnersuggestsgoingtoyourdoctortocheckonmedications,healthproblemsandotherissuesthatcouldbeaffectingmemory.Andthebestdefenseagainstmemorylossistotrytopreventitbybuildingupyourbrain'scognitive(知的

53、)reserve,Daffnersays."Readbooks,gotomovies,takeonnewhobbiesoractivitiesthatforceonetothinkinnovelways,"hesays.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainbusyandworking.Andalsogetphysicallyactive,becauseexerciseisaknownbrainbooster.46. Whydoestheauthorsaythatoneneedn'tbeconcernedaboutmemoryslipsA) Notal

54、lofthemaresymptomsofdementia.B) Theyoccuronlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople.C) Notallofthemarerelatedtoone'sage.D) Theyarequitecommonamongfifty-year-olds.47. WhathappensaswebecomeagedaccordingtothepassageA) Ourinteractionskillsdeteriorate.B) Somepartsofourbrainstopfunctioning.C) Communicationwithino

55、urbrainweakens.D) Ourwholebrainstartsshrinking.48. Whichmemory-relatedsymptomshouldpeopletakeseriouslyA) Totallyforgettinghowtodoone'sdailyroutines.B) Inabilitytorecalldetailsofone'slifeexperiences.C) Failuretorememberthenamesofmoviesoractors.D) Occasionallyconfusingtheaddressesofone'sfr

56、iends.49. WhatshouldpeopledowhensignsofseriousmemorylossshowupA) Checkthebrain'scognitivereserve.B) Stopmedicationsaffectingmemory.C) Turntoaprofessionalforassistance.D) Exercisetoimprovetheirwell-being.50. WhatisDr.Daffner'sadviceforcombatingmemorylossA) Havingregularphysicalandmentalchecku

57、ps.B) Takingmedicinethathelpsboostone'sbrain.C) Engaginginknownmemoryrepairactivities.D) Stayingactivebothphysicallyandmentally.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives(檔案館)bytheFBIafterbeingstole

58、ntwice.Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing,"saysEffieKapsalis,headoftheSmithsonianInsitutionArchives."Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelytakenbyanintern(實習(xí)生)，fromwhattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhensomeoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes,"andtheinternputtheletterba

59、ck."Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit."Decadespassed.Finally,theFBIreceivedatipthatthestolendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington,.Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivesto

60、determinethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsonian'sproperty.TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist,Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden,forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark.Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition,inspiteofbeingouto