2016新課標(biāo)三維人教英語(yǔ)選修七unit5section

1、Section_Grammar 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to study for a business qualification.2She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.3You have to get used to a whole new way of

2、life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning.4Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.5He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article kne

3、w far more than I did.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)以上句子皆為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句與主句之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。(2)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以置于主句之中(如句1)，前后有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，也可以置于主句之后(如句2、3、4、5)。(3)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞既可以是指人或指物的某一名詞(如句1、2、3、4)，也可指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容(如句5)。一、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)1非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間一般用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，如去掉，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整。The children, who wanted to have a journey, were disappointed when

4、 the journey was cancelled.那些想旅行的孩子，都因旅行的取消而感到失望。That they will get married, which has not been announced, has spread around.他們要結(jié)婚的消息還沒(méi)有被宣布，卻已經(jīng)被傳得沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)。2非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞既可為單個(gè)的名詞或代詞，也可為整個(gè)句子或其中一部分，且常譯成并列的分句。We'll graduate in July, when we will be free. (先行詞為名詞)我們將于七月份畢業(yè)，到那時(shí)我們就自由了。He often comes to scho

5、ol late, which makes his teacher angry.(先行詞為主句的內(nèi)容)他經(jīng)常上課遲到，這使得他的老師很生氣。即時(shí)演練1補(bǔ)全句子(2016·江蘇高考改編)Many young people, most_of_whom_were_well­educated,_headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.很多年輕人，他們中的大多數(shù)受到了良好的教育，都到偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)去追逐自己的夢(mèng)想。(2016·浙江高考改編)Scientists have advanced many theories about

6、 why human beings cry tears, none_of_which_has_been_proved.就人類為什么哭科學(xué)家提出來(lái)許多理論，但沒(méi)有一項(xiàng)理論得到過(guò)證明。(2016·天津高考改編)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when_the_weather_may_be_better.我們將會(huì)把去公園野餐的時(shí)間推遲到下周，那個(gè)時(shí)候天氣可能會(huì)更好一些。二、引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞1關(guān)系代詞which 指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；who/whom指人，who在從句中作主語(yǔ)，而whom在

7、從句中作賓語(yǔ)；as既可指人也可指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)；whose既可指人也可指物，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。He wasn't unconscious, as could be judged from his eyes.他并未失去知覺(jué)，這從他的眼神可以判斷出來(lái)。Mr. King, whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly taken to hospital.金先生的腿受了重傷，他很快就被送去醫(yī)院了。2關(guān)系副詞when指代時(shí)間，在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可與“介詞which”互換；where指代地點(diǎn)，在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，可與“介詞which”互換。We

8、will put off the outing until next Sunday, when/on which we won't be so busy.我們把郊游推遲到下個(gè)星期天，那時(shí)我們就不會(huì)那么忙了。Yesterday, they went out to have a picnic in the park, where/in which they had a good time. 昨天，他們出去在公園里野餐了，在那里他們玩得很開(kāi)心。名師點(diǎn)津(1)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞， 對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾， 這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。(2)非限制定語(yǔ)從句中，不用why引導(dǎo)，用f

9、or which代替why。He has been busy with his work the whole holiday, which has made his girlfriend unhappy. 他一整個(gè)假期都忙于工作，這令他的女朋友很生氣。The reason, for which he was absent from the meeting, wasn't given.他為何缺席會(huì)議，沒(méi)有給出任何理由。即時(shí)演練2用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空Yao Ming, as you know, is an excellent basketball player.I wish to thank

10、 Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far.(2013·天津高考改編)We have launched another man­made satellite, which is announced in today's newspaper.(2012·浙江高考改編)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, who,_for some reason, had withdrawn from all human societ

11、y.三、as 與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別aswhich指代引導(dǎo)從句只能指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)從句既可指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，也可指代主句的一部分位置可位于主句之前，之中或之后引導(dǎo)從句不能置于主句之前意義正如這，那功能連接上下文，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法，并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處等引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句As we all know, the earth moves around the sun.眾所周知，地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。The singer, as was expected, achieved a great success.正如所期盼的，這位歌手取得了巨大成功。 Cath

12、erine will attend a friend's wedding, which she is busy preparing for now.凱瑟琳將參加一個(gè)朋友的婚禮，現(xiàn)在她正在為此做準(zhǔn)備。即時(shí)演練3選詞填空(as/which)(2014·四川高考改編)Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected.(2013·山東高考改編)There is no simple answer, as is often the case in sc

13、ience.(2013·江蘇高考改編)The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, which he remembers starting as early as his childhood.As we all know, he is a gifted pianist.四、限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句意義起限定作用，指特定的人或物，從句不可省略，否則原句句意不完整僅作補(bǔ)充或說(shuō)明，若去掉從句，主句意思完整結(jié)構(gòu)要求緊跟先行詞，從句與先行詞之間不加逗號(hào)用逗號(hào)與先行詞或

14、主句隔開(kāi)功能修飾先行詞修飾先行詞或整個(gè)主句引導(dǎo)詞所有的關(guān)系代詞及副詞關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞，但是關(guān)系代詞that及關(guān)系副詞why除外When you reached the village, you would first find a house whose windows were made of wood. 當(dāng)你到達(dá)那個(gè)村莊時(shí)，你首先會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一座有著木窗的房子。They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area, where they also did some climbing. 他們?cè)谶@個(gè)山區(qū)欣賞到了美景，在那里他們還做了些爬山運(yùn)動(dòng)。巧學(xué)

15、助記定從分類有奧妙，限與非限看逗號(hào)；定前必有先行詞，名代兩類最適宜；定從先行很緊密，代副兩詞拉關(guān)系。即時(shí)演練4將下列句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ) (2012·北京高考書面表達(dá))I advised them to take Bus No. 20, which could take them there directly.我建議他們乘坐20路公交車，它能直接把他們帶到那里。The netizens (網(wǎng)民) who don't voice their opinions account for ten percent.沒(méi)有發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)的網(wǎng)民占百分之十。.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1I travel to t

16、he Binhai New Area by light railway every day, as do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.2Whenever I met her, which was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.3She has been absent again, as is expected.4The famous footballer, in whose honour a party will be held, is to arrive this

17、 afternoon.5As is reported in the newspaper, a serious accident has happened recently.6The owner paid the worker for cleaning the whole building, most of which hadn't been cleaned for at least one month.7I shall never forget those years when I lived in the country with the farmers, which has a g

18、reat effect on my life.8Her father works in a factory, where he makes cars.9The old lady has two daughters, one of whom is working abroad. 10This is one of the reasons why you have to give it up.單句寫作(用定語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)全句子)1They lived in a tall building, in_front_of_which_stood_a_big_tree.(stand) 他們住在一個(gè)高樓里，在樓的前面

19、矗立著一棵大樹。2There are 60 people in the group, half_of_whom_are_migrant_workers. (whom)這群人共有60人，其中一半的人是農(nóng)民工。3Let's fix the date for our appointment, when_we_will_discuss_the_matter. (discuss) 讓我們?yōu)槲覀兊募s會(huì)定個(gè)日期，屆時(shí)我們將談?wù)撨@件事。 4.He turned out to be very successful, which_was_beyond_our_expectation. (beyond)結(jié)果

20、他很成功，這超出了我們的期望。5The village is not the same one as_it_used_to_be. (as)這個(gè)村莊不再是它過(guò)去的樣子。6The three sons, none_of_whom_is_a_doctor,_have all achieved great success.(none)這三個(gè)兒子都已取得巨大成功，他們當(dāng)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。7He entered a café one day 10 years ago, in_which_he_first_met_his_wife. (which) 十年前的一天他走進(jìn)了一家咖啡館，在那里他第一次

21、遇到他的妻子。8Mary, who_is_my_best_friend,_will come to see me tomorrow. (who)瑪麗明天會(huì)來(lái)看我，她是我最好的朋友。9She bought some cloth yesterday, with_which_she_was_going_to_make_a_dress. (with)昨天她買了些布，她打算用這些布做一件裙子。10The tourist was standing on the top of the building, where_he_could_enjoy_the_beautiful_view. (enjoy) 游客站在樓頂上，在那里他能夠欣賞到美麗的風(fēng)景。.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞或關(guān)系詞完成短文Nat, 1.who was ten years old, lived in a small town in England. He always stayed in England for his