2016新課標(biāo)創(chuàng)新英語人教版必修二Unit3Section

1、語法初識(shí)原句感知自主探究Over time I have been changed quite a lot.I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.I have also been put int

2、o robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.Such a thing has never been heard of before.The room has already been cleaned.(1)以上句中使用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)；其謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成為have/has_been_done。(2)列舉上面例句所用的時(shí)間狀

3、語：over_time,_since_the_1970s，_before,_already。語法剖析語法點(diǎn)一現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1基本概念現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去的被動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，動(dòng)作已完成并強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，主語和謂語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。The door has already been locked.門早已經(jīng)被鎖上了。I have been employed at the job since 2015.自從2015年，我就做這份工作。2基本構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為has/have been done。A lot of money has been spent to

4、 protect the old temple by now.到目前為止已投入了大筆錢來保護(hù)這座古廟。These trees have been watered lately.那些樹最近已澆水。3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種句式肯定式主語have/has been done .否定式主語have/has not been done .一般疑問式Have/Has主語been done .？特殊疑問式特殊疑問詞have/has主語been done .？Northern China has been swept through by a strong cold wind recently.最近一股強(qiáng)

5、冷空氣橫掃中國(guó)北方。The children have not been told the good news yet.孩子們還沒有被告知這個(gè)好消息。Has the date for the next meeting been decided?下次會(huì)議的日期已決定了嗎？How long has the house been built?這座房子建了多久了？點(diǎn)津(1)句子主語若為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞要用has。(2)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有：since then, since從句， so far, by now, up to now, recently, lately, already, y

6、et, in the last/past一段時(shí)間等。(3)ever, never, already, yet等副詞用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，放在has或have之后。即時(shí)演練111.句型轉(zhuǎn)換The plan has been studied by the experts three times. Has the plan been studied by the experts three times？(一般疑問句)How many times has the plan been studied by the experts? (就three times提問)12.完成句子His novel

7、has_not_been_published他的小說還沒有出版。I have_been_told the sports meet will be put off.我已被告知運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將要被推遲。語法點(diǎn)二使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)要注意的問題1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)及一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別The machine has been repaired.(說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，“現(xiàn)在修好了”) The machine is being repaired now.(說明動(dòng)作正在被進(jìn)行)The machine was repaired yesterday.(只說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過

8、去)2非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。若要表達(dá)相應(yīng)的意思，則要改換動(dòng)詞或時(shí)態(tài)，例如：工程已開始三個(gè)月了。The project has been started for three months.(F)The project has been on for three months. (T)3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)(1)只帶有一個(gè)賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語。Tom has sold out all the m

9、agazines.All the magazines have been sold out by Tom.(2)帶有雙賓語的動(dòng)詞，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，一般將間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語，若將直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語時(shí)，間接賓語前面要用相應(yīng)的介詞。We have given him the book.He has been given the book.The book has been

10、given to him.(3)帶有復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，只能將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語。After decorating the Amber Room with jewels, the artists have made it more splendid.After being decorated with jewels, the Amber Room has been made more splendid.點(diǎn)津帶有復(fù)合賓語的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，若賓語補(bǔ)足語為省略to的不定式充當(dāng)時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中需將省掉的to加上。The boss has made his com

11、pany offer more chances for people to work.His company has been made to offer more chances for people to work.(4)動(dòng)詞短語是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要保持完整性，其中的介詞或副詞不可省略。Its said that the problem has been looked into.據(jù)說已經(jīng)調(diào)查了這個(gè)問題。點(diǎn)津現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的選擇技巧(1)分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)，明確句子所要表達(dá)的意義。(2)明確句中時(shí)間的參考點(diǎn)，確定所需時(shí)態(tài)。(3)明確謂語動(dòng)詞與其主語之間應(yīng)為主動(dòng)關(guān)系還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系

12、，并明確動(dòng)作是否能延續(xù)。(4)確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)及語態(tài)。即時(shí)演練221.判斷正誤How long has this book been bought？(F)How long ago was this book bought？(T)Those old homeless men have been well looked.(F)Those old homeless men have been well looked after.(T)22.將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)I have made her work hard.She has_been_made_to_work hard.His mother has

13、 bought him a computer. He has_been_bought a computer by his mother.A computer has_been_bought_for him by his mother.鏈接高考單句語法填空1(2015天津高考)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has_been_reached (reach) so far by the two sides.2(2015重慶高考)In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper fo

14、r the farmers after all the wheat has_been_cut (cut)3(2014天津高考)We wont start the work until all the preparations have_been_made (make)4(2013北京高考)Shakespeares play Hamlet has_been_made (make) into at least ten different films over the past years.5(天津高考)In the last few years thousands of films have_be

15、en_produced (produce) all over the world.6(福建高考)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they have_been_promised (promise) before leaving their hometowns.針對(duì)演練.單句語法填空1They have_sold (sell) ten apartments in the past one hour. 2He was_bought (buy) a knife when she visi

16、ted Xinjiang.3He has already been_asked (ask) to help you.4The company has_made (make) its workers work hard recently.5A notice has already been_put_up (put up) on the wall.6Since we realized that we should study hard, our time has_been_made (make) full use of.7These streets havent_been_swept (not s

17、weep) for two days.8How long has_the book_been_kept (keep)?9How long ago was the picture taken (take)? 10These goods havent_been_shipped (not ship) abroad yet.完成句子1From what has_been_discussed (已討論過的) above, we can draw the conclusion that parents are our best teachers.2Fortunately, a lot of measure

18、s have_been_taken (已被采取了) to deal with the problem.3Two suggestions have_been_provided (已被提供) by our classmates.4Peoples health has_been_greatly_affected (受到了很大的影響) by air, noise and water.5In spite of these changes, the liberation of women has_not_been_completely_realized (沒有被完全認(rèn)識(shí)到).短文改錯(cuò)The day before Easter, I gave my children money instead of Easter baskets. Later that evening we all sat watch TV when a piece of news appeared about starving child. I couldnt help being moved while my children said, “Mom, can