城市軌道交通控制測量問題解決方案探討.docx

1、水電站設(shè)計|37|第4娜DHPS2021年12月城市軌道交通控制«量問題僻決方案探討李禺，,取|HHIMA»KOI8«BO&QHI成胡6100721«要：城市軌道交通建設(shè)中任何一項建設(shè)項目均離不開81量工作，瀏量工作的首要任務(wù)是控制81量，由于城市建（構(gòu)）筑物密度大，通常采用GNSS州量法建立控制網(wǎng)，松而GNSS8量受番多因素影響,其復湖成果與前期成果之間往往存在系統(tǒng)誤差，本文提出了采用復刈單點隹靠無約束平差成果與前期成果進行已知系統(tǒng)歸算法，別除潦移點和應移點計算復測最終成果的方法，通過實麻案例驗證該法的正確性。關(guān)俸禮戟可；加密叭隊；己如料OO號

2、：U239.5oSJH：B文章第號：10（1398D512D21）。4一DD19D6112OSit目南部分城市存在交通機場現(xiàn)象并且日益*重，為了長期有效地解詼城市內(nèi)部出行拇陪問題，各大城市場在進行城市機道交通建設(shè)。而任何一個建設(shè)項目均包括規(guī)劃i殳計、施工建設(shè)利運行維護三個忱段，嗣量在這三個忱段中均是不可線少的工作，耐量工作的美,環(huán)節(jié)是easi量。本文用城市勒道交通控制測量常兌何題進行了洋鯽錢述，并結(jié)合實麻項目發(fā)現(xiàn)的問,題給出了相酬決方案。1城市軌道交通控制i®量的目的和控制«1系統(tǒng)建立方法1城市切諺交i!控制用量的目的城市軌道交通控制測量的目的是為項目提供平esoo1r,:

3、.1 11平面基準平面基唯應包括：11）O1I-OOfflOifOIO2000Ht大地坐標系；（2if®$o：標準3。分帶或6。分帶高K挨影平面直角坐標系，投影面大地高為零；改變股影中央子午線、玫變我影面大地高或既改變皿中央子午線又放變投影而大地高的獨立坐標系（即工程M坐標系）；酒立坐標系應與標準坐標系建立眥關(guān)系。I推他立坐標系邊O®應大于15km：氣SHIOOt-feOlil131.IOffl的現(xiàn)行基準為1985國家高程基準，高程成果為正常高，也有因保密需要采用與1985g家高程基準正常高有轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系的獨立高程系（即工程酒立高程系）。12城市ftiiIO量系統(tǒng)建立方法由于城

4、市建（構(gòu)）筑物密集，人口密度大，給控割釧量帶來很多的不利，為了最大程度地馨低不利困素財g制州量工作的影府，線路平面控制網(wǎng)采用GNSS網(wǎng)隹立福程技制網(wǎng)采用二等水荏網(wǎng)尊立，七GNSS網(wǎng)具有如下優(yōu)勢：點位布受通視條件的限制；網(wǎng)形結(jié)構(gòu)無強制要求；可全天候規(guī)洲；可多臺套聯(lián)合作業(yè)提高作業(yè)效率和成果精度。不足"是決差來源多，主要稠在：與衛(wèi)星有關(guān)"差;與信號樣有關(guān)的誤差；與網(wǎng)機有關(guān)的題；相對論放應；圖形強度的歙府；其他因素。二等水"的優(yōu)勢在于：點位選括靈活；隊時受外界影府??；控制誤差的方法多，成果特度高；復湖成果苞定性分析段為簡單。從GNSS泌量的誤差來源可知，GNSS成果受很多

5、因素的影響使得GNSS網(wǎng)復迥成果包含多方面的誤差，給穩(wěn)定性分析帶來骸大的破度，本文著重對GNSS網(wǎng)復泌常兌向裹進行分析，并針對這些問題隹出相應的解族方案。2GNSS網(wǎng)復洲常兌問題21GNSS定他原理GNSS定位系統(tǒng)由地而控制部分（跟蹤站）、空修回日期：20210721第-粗簡介：（1975-）,男,町|米易人,高項工聊，從事水電工程財菅直作。間部分（工作衛(wèi)星和在軌備用衛(wèi)星）和用戶設(shè)備部分（接收機）組成。GNSS定他原理是通過觀1IGNSS衛(wèi)星和用尸接火機天線之間距離，并根博己知的衛(wèi)星瞬間坐標按空間后方交會的公式來確定用戶接火機所對應點的三維坐標，如圖1所示。圖1GNSS定位示意2 2GNSS定

6、位中的誤差來源221與衛(wèi)星有關(guān)的誤差衛(wèi)星星歷誤差。星歷設(shè)差指的是衛(wèi)星理論位置與實際位置之差。星歷誤差的大小取供于衛(wèi)星定規(guī)系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量和星歷的外推時何間隔。衛(wèi)星的的的誤差。衛(wèi)星上使用的雖繼是高箱度的原了鐘，但同擇也存在系飭誤差（如機差及停速、弱騾等偏差）和鯽誤差。1 22與啟號肯描有關(guān)的決差弗號外有關(guān)的誤差包括：電離層延任、對勰延狀、多路徑誤差。223與接收M有關(guān)的誤黃與接收機有關(guān)的誤差有：接版機的鉀換差、接收機的他置誤差、接收機的對量聲。224O?!OIH由于GNSS定位景理是空間后方交會，因此點位精度與圖形強度密切相關(guān)，而圖形強度取族于GNSS衛(wèi)星的空間分布和GNSS接收機所在的也置。225其

7、他困素此外還包含一些其他因素，如GNSS控制部分人為或計算機造成的影響；由于GNSS控制部分的問題或用尸在進行數(shù)據(jù)膿理時引入的誤差等；殘?zhí)幚砬凹卜ú煌晟朴枚ㄎ徽\的影帕經(jīng)過眾多項目驗證GNSS網(wǎng)復河成果與前期成果比較除佛代誤差外，主要表現(xiàn)在系統(tǒng)誤差，因此后腭泌邠采腭點隹靠無約束平差成果間存在-定的平移、編放和炸，為了部妲擷系統(tǒng)誤差的”，采用己知系統(tǒng)分析法將復州單點隹靠成果娘為以前觀成果為己知系統(tǒng)的成私3項目成果分析2 1某也鐵項目平面控制網(wǎng)羚柬平差成果11某地扶項目平面技和I網(wǎng)首級網(wǎng)約束平差成果首級控制網(wǎng)點首期成果與復河固定點約束平差成果兌表1。表1首級控制網(wǎng)點首期成果與復SO定點約束平差成果

8、分析比坂較差/mmAxAxAyG401G402G403G4301G4302G4303G4304G401G402G403G4301G4302G4303G430422546.976523261.552323969.838722428.22063.22657.22888.72920413128548968.620849484.670849687.270143003.884543566.931744046.563044386.214122 546.985723 261.557223969.844622428.729222063.044022657.669922888.133448968.6242494

9、84.671749687.269743D03.884543 566.932844 046.561744386.2165-9.2-3.-4.9-0.9-5.90.40.00.0-2.7-1.1-3.91.39-2.4G430-2.0G430622146.284322972.384745097.229322972.38324.482444936.737122314.4903449345056.004621738.611845056.44689.166721143.647344689.16758.384520924.128645778.38406.802845728.28760.00.022146.

10、2748387.34764445097.22911.50.2G43072231936.738fi-7.9-1.4G430821738.600082-2.5-3.6G430921143.642£2!.8-0.8G431020924,12474577.90.5G431120176,802845728.28762017387.3496G431220289.346546674.709520289.348046674.7112-1.5-1.7G431320510.943647149.014720510.947147149.0172-3.5-2.5G431421047.667447339.669

11、521047.668247339.6661-0.83.4G431521185.186247805.969321185.191747805.9710-5.5-1.7G431621624.931448325.112121624.931448325.11210.00.0G431722393.456648506.678522393.468048506.6858-11.4-7.3G431824485.456249416.9395211485.458349416.9399-2.1-0.4G431924475.475250211.779724475.475250211.77970.00.0從表1可如心和Ay

12、OIO.SO4系用差。GNSS網(wǎng)首級網(wǎng)點分布惜祝如圖2所示。3121IgMOO差成果某麻段加密網(wǎng)點首勰成果與復洲固定點約束平差成果兌表2。從表2可知，復刈成果與己扣成果意差全為負值，題存在系戲差。加密網(wǎng)網(wǎng)形腰3。32某地用項目平面控制網(wǎng)無藥來平莠成萊321育級無匆更平差成果首級網(wǎng)復就無約柬平差成果嘩觀成果兌表3。表2某標段加密網(wǎng)點首期成果與復酒固定點約束平差成果分析比找首期成果3TAxAyPOO120238.787445705.20238.45705.7794一13.3-16.2P00212.724P005P0070.25583066945609.77245632.418033.1995452

13、30.20204583521390.44979,60246935.985759.979946828.741.8408812520444.0962098420267.388820386.312.723816.77421359.20643.20700.25985926666094600146759.992645609.7818-9.6P003203632.42046828.5.70.5-9.4P004-1.545556.631044979.1019-10.3-0.9-7.0P0062.-10.0.0-2.D0029D0012-10.7D00320592.12-6.0D00

14、4-16.3DO05一2.0-12.720444.979120267.46S2GNSS首級網(wǎng)，點分布圖3加密網(wǎng)網(wǎng)形表3首級網(wǎng)復則無約束平差成果.和首期成果±b_復刈尢約束成果1m首期成果1m&名XyXyG40175243.2477510719.293522546.985748968.6242G40275957.9050511235.242923261.557249484,6717G40376666.2262511437.739523969.844649687.2697G430175124.1251504754.526122428.729243003.8845G43027475

15、8.5171505317.631522063.044043566.9328G430375353.2168505797.179522657.669944046.5611G430475583.7310506136.799522888.133444386.2165G430574841.8714506138.041822146.284344387.3496G430675668.0921506847.808122972.383245097.2291G430775010.1610506687.411022314.490344936.7385G430874434.3007506806.763921738.6

16、11845056.0082G430973839.2751506440.010121143.647344689.1675G431073619.9147507529.269320924.128645778.3840G431172872.5785507479.281520176.802845728.2876G431272985.2624508425.694520289.348。46674.7112G431373206.93085D8899.971220510.947147149.0172G431473743.5876509090.548721047.668247339.6661G431573881.

17、2757509556.832221185.191747805.9710G431674321.0995510075.910621624.931448325.1121G431775089.6589510257.369922393.468048506.6858G431877181.8088511167.331724485.458349416.9399G431977171.9453511962.180424475.47525D211.7797利用表3中的數(shù)揭采用二維己知系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性分析法計X=(0.999991798836743)x+算復消成果的程定性清況，計算結(jié)果皿表47。(-0.0001464856

18、96009903：'y+從表45可知有19個穩(wěn)定點計算的已知系統(tǒng)相定住(-52620.83792061(1)HfrOOOIO0,9999918096戒明實際Y=i0.0001464856960099031x+授影而大地高并非是成果表注明的大地高h,而是h-i1-(。，999991798836743-y+0.9999918096)X6369000,(-461757,505657)(2)復泌無豹束平差成果一首現(xiàn)成果己知系統(tǒng)樣換原型：式中，x、y為復期無約柬平差成果；X、Y為復洲無約束平差成果一首期成果己知系統(tǒng)枝換成果。表4二維己知系統(tǒng)塔定性分析轉(zhuǎn)換模型計算rmoilSftOkole平診參敏

19、ZVmT§OAym參費值190.999991809630.2151-52695.8943-461750.7149t521己知系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性分析轉(zhuǎn)梗模型特tlifit算夏即無約束平差成果重心至麻；m特征H名稱xySg74809.477508192.007從表6可知，復泌無約束成果己知系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)換后與首D成果此敏，艮有3個點俺老大于6mn景大信君為10.6mm,Onf£®OtOO度均曳高。M»t終成果取穩(wěn)定點的物值和偏差點的己知系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)挽值見表7。從表7可知，除3個漂移點外，AX有9個負值，II為-2.4mm.有1。個正H,板(I為2.2mm.AY首期成果重心坐標/m

20、內(nèi)符合精度/mmXYmvmy22113.58246441.2921.81.2t8tOKO-1.7mm.t8fiEIO12.1mm：OftO己如條飭分折后的費密成果除漂移點外，坐標校差基本符合正態(tài)分布，證明己知系統(tǒng)分析法科學合理。322加密網(wǎng)無有吏平差成果加密網(wǎng)復河無約束平差成果和首期成果如表8表6復刪無約束平差成果己知系統(tǒng)樣前計算復洲無約束平差成果頃復州無約束平差成果歸算坐標/m歸算與首期成果較差；mmxyXYAXAYG401G402G403G4301G4302G4303G4304G4305G4306G4307G4308G4309G4310G4311G4312G4313G4314G4315G4

21、316G4317G4318G431975243.24775I0719.293522546,979648968.62175957.9050511235.242923261.555549484.67176666.2262511437.739523969.841249687.27075124.1257504754.526122428.732443003.88574758.5171505317.631522063.044343566.93275353.2168505797.179522657.668844046.56375583.7310506136.799522888.131444386.21474

22、841.8714506138.041822146.277744387.34875668.0921506847.808122972.387745097.23075010.1610506687.411022314.485544936.73774434.3007506806.763921738.612445056.00573839.2751506440.010121143.645444689.16773619.9147507529.269320924,127245778.38572872.5785507479.281520176.804545728.28872985.2624508425.69452

23、0289.348846674.71073206.9308508899.971220510.945947149.01573743.6876509090.548721047.670447339.67073881.2757509556.832221185.189147805.97074321.0995510075.910621624.933248325.10875089.6589510257.369922393.459848506.67977181.8088511167.331724485.459249416.93977171.9453511962.180424475.479350211.78040

24、579950467o7317-6.1-1.7-3.43. 20.3-1.1-2.0-6.65-4.80.6-1.9-1.41. 70.8-1.22-2.61.8-8.20.94.1-2.8-0.40.31.0-0.1*-1.6-1.10.9-0.7-2.8-0.11.61.1-0.7-1.54.2-0.9-3.4-6.70.00.9G40122546.G40223261.G40323969.22428.22063.G430322657.22888.22146.22972.22314.21738.72904466913328438349061148968.624249484.671749687.

25、26974343444444454445884932561216349229G431020924.128645778.120176.802845728.2879.348046674.711220289.G431320510.947147149.G430921143.64744384348031421047.668247620G431521185.19131621624.9314G431722393.458G431824485.458G431924475.475點名P001P002P003P004P005P006表7復攜最終成果計算22546.985723261.557223969.844622

26、2222222221063.657.888.146.972.729044669133284383314.490738.611143.64720924.128176.80284548968.624249484.671749687.434344444445444544003.566.046.386.387.097.884932561216349229936.738056.008689.16745778.3840728.287612046674.7112120289.34844620復加最終成果I本次最終):m本次一首次immAXAY22546.23261.232222222222222221214

27、28.063.657.888.146.972.314.738.143.924.176.803674.710017220510.947147149.0172120510.7300446691322774876126461279820.339.666121047.668247339.6661121047.66934747805.971021185.191121185.190448968.49484.434344444445444544325.11212150211.7797624.931422393.46824485.45824475.47548325.1048506.49416.250211.6

28、24.93222393.485.475.表8加密網(wǎng)復則無約束平差成果和首期成果72932.283173080.311373006.182473510.260373726.579374053.0945507507507507507806.710.586,732.656.474806P00774083.9014507079.4685DO0173337.3034508928.3648DO0273393.9416508842.0983DOO373285.8445509036.0920DO0473138.7050509085.2920507330.956DO0572961.0705508860.3147

29、G430874432.0085507156.0578G430973836.9736506789.3214G431073617.6464507878.5883G431373204.6990509249.3047G431473741.4648509439.8706利用表8中的數(shù)據(jù)采用二維己知系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性分析法計算復泌成果的穩(wěn)定性情況，計算結(jié)果兌表912。從表910可知13個穩(wěn)定點計算的己知系統(tǒng)程定ftOOOOO0.99999。3671，說明實際所影面大地高并非是成果表注明的大地高h,而是h-'1-0.99999。3671)X6369000,復洲無m差成果一首期成果己知系那瓣型:62141-6

30、.167152-0.926982-1.7885。21.6932820.156282-0.521572-1.034851-6,6229522.2003.566.046.386.387.097.2-2.4936.738056.00645778.3848728.28822348-1.0-2.80.20.0.1.-1.1-1.447149.016339.6682247805.97048500.1.11042506.6791416.9399211.7802苜期成果5-0.80.12.0.70.G4310.7G40.4G4-1.7-8.22.1X)'20238.800745705.77942038

31、6.831945609.781820312.723945486.174220816.774245632.420221033.200445556.631021359.666745230.846421390.520020643.609120700.259820592.135820444.984844979.359346828.101946741.851546935.818546985.00196.70.020267.38821738.61121143.64720924.12820510.94721047.668759.992645056.008244689.167545778.3840H9.017

32、247339.6661X二(99999。35192037)x+(-0.000174363923324315)y+(-52604.2493704)Y=(0.000174363923324315)x+(0.999990351920371，y+(-462108.1358121(3)i4)式中，x、y為復州無豹克平差成果；X、Y為復瀏無約束平IO-tffiO己知條既樣換成果M表11).表9二維己加系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定柱分析轉(zhuǎn)換模型計算表11復測無約束平差成果己加系統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)梗計算參費名麻8I.O維敬系敏k健301平修參費Axm平程參頁Aym參數(shù)值130.999990367135.9655-52693.5427-4621

33、00.2240表10二維己知系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性分析轉(zhuǎn)械模型特&值計算復洲無為束平差成果重心坐標/m首期成果重心坐標/m內(nèi)符合希度/mm特征值名稱xyXYm、my73486.899508042.67720793.35645942.4531.02.2復湖無約束平差成果/mI洲無豹束平差成果歸算坐麻/m歸算與首期成身E較差/mm點名XyXYAXAYPOO172932.2831507806.089220238.787045705.7708-13.7-8.6P00674053.0945507330.956521359.670445230.83813.7-8.3D00373285.8445509036.092020592.130546935.8234-5.34.9D00473138.7050509085.292020444.983946984.9972-0.9-4.7G431473741.4648509439.87。621047.676047339.67757.811.4表12復明最終成果計算首）M成果（上次）/m復SM最終成果（本次最終）/m本次一首次/mm占名An3-4P00