否定詞的用法完全解析

1、Negative statements 1 常見否定句否定副詞not, seldom, never, hardly, rarely, nowhere等與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用。 Im afraid that I can not attend your party this weekend. I can hardly understand what he said just now. 2 否定句種類否定祈使句由Dont 或Never+ 動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。 Dont give up trying even though it is difficult to learn English! 英語(yǔ)雖然難學(xué)，但千萬(wàn)別放

2、棄嘗試！Do not cut down the tree that gives you shade. 切勿忘恩負(fù)義。Never judge people by their appearance. 不可以貌取人。否定疑問句：常用來(lái)表示反問、驚訝、建議、贊嘆等語(yǔ)氣。Dont you know these traffic rules? 難道你不知道這些交通規(guī)則嗎？Arent you supposed to be working? 你不是應(yīng)該正在干活嗎？You look pale. Why dont you have a rest? 你看起來(lái)臉色蒼白，為什么不休息一會(huì)兒？Isnt it a lovel

3、y day? 天氣多好?。∽⒁猓涸诨卮鸱穸ㄒ蓡柧鋾r(shí)，要根據(jù)具體事實(shí)作答-Didnt you see the film Titanic yesterday? - _. I would like to have seen it. A. Yes, I did B. No, I didnt C. Yes, I didnt D. No, I did-You havent been to Beijing, have you?- _. And I visited the Summer Palace. A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I havent C. No, I have D. No, I

4、 havent部分否定否定詞not 與表示整體意義的詞，如：all, both, everything, everywhere, always, often, entirely, necessarily等連用時(shí),不管位置如何，表部分否定“并非都”All is not gold that glittersNot all is gold that glitters. Both of them are not useful. Not both of them are usefulSuch a thing is not found everywhereThe rich are not always h

5、appy. His attention was not entirely paid to his research. 全部否定 由“否定主語(yǔ)（否定代詞或no+名詞）+ 肯定 謂語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成。Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。None of us can speak French. 我們都不會(huì)講法語(yǔ)。No man is born wise. 人非生而知之。注意：常用“neither/nor + 助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ)”來(lái)表達(dá)“某人也不” Jim didnt know her secret, neither

6、/nor did Jack. 吉姆不知道她的秘密，杰克也不知道。If you dont accept his invitation, neither shall I. 如果你不接受他的邀請(qǐng)，我也不接受。幾乎否定表示整個(gè)句子的意思接近于否定。常用的有l(wèi)ittle (few), hardly, rarely, seldom 等We seldom/hardly hear such fine singing.Little remains to be said. 簡(jiǎn)直沒什么可說的了. 雙重否定同一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中有兩個(gè)否定詞，表示的意思是肯定的，但比肯定句的語(yǔ)氣要重。Dont try to operate t

7、his machine unless you know the rules for safety. 如果不懂安全規(guī)則，千萬(wàn)別動(dòng)這臺(tái)機(jī)器。Its never too late to learn. 活到老，學(xué)到老。There is no success without hardships. 沒有經(jīng)歷暴雨，哪有彩虹。You cant make something out of nothing. 巧夫難為無(wú)米之炊.3 否定轉(zhuǎn)移含有原因狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，形式上雖然否定主句的謂語(yǔ)，然而意義上則是否定該原因狀語(yǔ)，譯為“并不因?yàn)槎盙alileo was not ready to accept it ju

8、st because Aristotle had said so伽利略并不只是因?yàn)閬喞锼苟嗟抡f過某事何如何，就輕易相信它。The mountain is not valuable because it is high. 山不在高。當(dāng)think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)否定意義的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常把從句中的not提前，把主句變成否定句，從句用肯定形式。 We dont believe that the news is true. 我們相信這個(gè)消息不是真的。I dont think that he is honest. 我認(rèn)為他不誠(chéng)實(shí)。注意：（1

9、）把這些發(fā)生否定轉(zhuǎn)移的句子變?yōu)榉匆庖蓡柧鋾r(shí)，注意形式一致。I dont think that he is honest, is he? （2）not 常用在I think, I believe, I expect, I suppose, I guess, Im afraid之后，構(gòu)成省略句。-Do you think it will be a fine day tomorrow? -Im afraid not. -Do you believe that Rocket will win the game? -I believe not. (=I dont believe so.)4 否定句的倒裝

10、表否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)放在句首，要用部分倒裝如：not, never, seldom, hardly, in no way/ by no means, at no time, 等。By no means will china first use nuclear weapons.Not often do they meet.5 形式肯定，意義否定1 tooto 結(jié)構(gòu)He is too young to carry so heavy a case. 2 用more than 幫助構(gòu)成否定“不僅僅、超出” This is more than I can do.The beauty of the par

11、k is more than words can describe. 3 用the last/least “最不”構(gòu)成否定句 He is the last man I want to see. 4 anything but “絕對(duì)不，一點(diǎn)也不 ” That little boat is anything but safe.5 在“It is +時(shí)間段+ since ”結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句謂語(yǔ)是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示否定意義6 用肯定形式的虛擬語(yǔ)氣可以表示實(shí)際的否定意義。It is three years since he was a teacher. You could have done the job

12、better if you had put more time into it.6 形式否定，意義肯定1） too修飾ready, glad, anxious, eager等詞時(shí)相當(dāng)于“very” He is too ready to help others.2） can not / never too 再也不為過;越.越好You cannot be too careful to do your homework.3） nothing but 相當(dāng)于“only”There is nothing but sands left after the forest was destroyed. 4）hardly/scarcelywhen= no sooner.than.”表示“剛就”Hardly had I got to the station when it began to rain.No sooner had we sat down than we found it was time to go. 5） 否定詞與比較級(jí)連用，強(qiáng)調(diào)所修飾的詞的肯定意義。-Mr. Li