2017年高考英語七選五閱讀

1、2017年高考英語總動員“七選五”閱讀8.歷年探究【2016-新課標全國卷 I】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項選項中有兩項為多余選項Secretcodes（密碼）keepmessagesprivate.Bank,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodeindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.36Codebreakingneverlags 餡 后 ）behin

2、dcodemaking.Thescienceofdecodingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersare“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels“spelloutthehiddenmessageMeetme.38Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample,letsnumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from

3、1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,temessage“Meetme“wouldread“13520135Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39Forexample,“bridgemightstandforameetand“outmightstandformeThemessagebridgeoutwouldactuallymeanisalsohardtokeepacodebooksec

4、retforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A. Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutacodebook.B. Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D. Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E. Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspell

5、itout.F. Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G. Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了密碼的設(shè)置方法和破解的方法。36 .【解析】D本題考察是邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)下一句coddoreakingneverlagsbehindcodemaking 可知上一句是只要出現(xiàn)密碼，就會有人去解碼，故選 D。37 .【解析】E本題考察是句子之間的例證關(guān)系，從后面

6、文章的舉例中“Forexample,thefirstlettersareMyelephanteatstoomanyeelsSpelloutthehiddenmessageMeetmeiB 么前乙句應(yīng)該是對例子的概括，即我們可以知道是運用每個單詞的首字母來組成密碼，E 選項正確。38 .【解析】G本題考察是文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，前一段是講到了第一種方法，根據(jù)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，下一段應(yīng)該是講述第二種設(shè)置密碼的方法，而根據(jù)該段的例子，即字母表中字母排列順序轉(zhuǎn)化成為數(shù)字信息，所以這里關(guān)鍵詞是 anotherway 還有 alphabet,故選 G。39 .【解析】F本題考察的是邏輯關(guān)系，從上句“Toreadthem

7、essageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook”你需要借用解碼書來找出密碼單詞所對應(yīng)真正意思，F(xiàn) 選項表示你應(yīng)該找出解碼書中密碼所代表的詞語，故 F 正確。40 .【解析】A本題考察的是關(guān)鍵詞以及轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，根據(jù)下一句出現(xiàn) itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong,這里出現(xiàn)了 alsohard,所以上一句關(guān)鍵詞為 hard;另外 however 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，證明上一句與下一句表達的意思相反，即上一句應(yīng)該沒有解密書，是很難去完成解密工作，故 A 正確。(n)【2015-新課標全國卷 I】BuildingTrustinaRela

8、tionshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences._36.Trustisarisk.Butyoucantbesuccessfulwhentheresalackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,weveallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwevebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misle

9、d,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycanttrustanymore.37_.Itsunderstandable,butifyourewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere._38_havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbef

10、oryourwell-being.39Ifyouvebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Buttheresadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwithaavictimmentality.Atsomepointinallofourlives,wellhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.Youdidntlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopeles

11、sangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40instead,itsahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C. Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D. Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebesti

12、nreturn.E.Theyvebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycantbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G. Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesntmeanyoureignoringwhathappened.【分析】文章主要講述了人們一旦失去了信任，如何再次建立信任。36 .解析：根據(jù)前一句Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences

13、 信任是我們從以往經(jīng)歷中獲得的學(xué)習(xí)行為。選項 B 中的 it 代指上文剛出現(xiàn)的 trust。故選 B。答案：B37 .解析： 根據(jù)前句 Sometimespeoplesimplycanttrustanymore.可知他們受到嚴重的傷害且不能忍受再次發(fā)生。可知選 E。答案：E38 .解析：根據(jù)后句havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.可知此段主要講述要學(xué)會信任自己?？芍x A。答案：A39.解析：根據(jù)后句Ify

14、ouvebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.可知此段主要講述不要認為自己是受害者。故選 Co答案：C40 .解析：根據(jù)前句和后一句 instead,itsInsteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlifeahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiven

15、ess,可知既要看到事情的積極面，也不要忽視所發(fā)生的事情。故選 G答案：G（田）【2014新課標 I 卷】Thejobsofthefuturehavenotbeeninvented36Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.1. CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.37_Askkids,“Whatingredients（酉己料）canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime“and

16、thentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?2. CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit._38_Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdevelopth

17、eirCreativity.3. InterpersonalSkillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhatisgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions._39_Whydoyouthinksheiscrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisfac

18、e?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”4.SelfExpression40Therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideasmusic,acting,drawing,building,photography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.B.Andwecantforgetscienceeducation.C. Wecangivekidschancestothinkabo

19、utmaterialsinnewways.D. Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdontyetexist?E.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.G. Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.【分析】本文介紹了培養(yǎng)孩子技能的方法，其中包括好奇心、創(chuàng)造性、交際能力

20、和自我表達等。36 .解析：細節(jié)過渡題。根據(jù)空后的“Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethem.”可知，這里敘述的是幫助他們發(fā)展一些技能。由此推斷，上句應(yīng)為“應(yīng)該怎樣幫助孩子為未來的工作而作準備”，故選臭答案：D37 .解析：細節(jié)過渡題。根據(jù)下面的內(nèi)容可知，此處是鼓勵孩子們和你一起做飯。答案：A38 .解析：細節(jié)過渡題。根據(jù)上文中的 createsomethingnew 等可知，要給孩子們思考的機會。答案：C39.解析：主旨大意題。聯(lián)系下面的幾個問題可知 F 項正確。答案：F40.解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)該段小標題及空格后 toexpre

21、ssthoughts 可知，此處所填內(nèi)容與交流有關(guān)，故選 G 項。答案：G（IV）【2013新課標全國卷 I】Businessistheorganizedapproachtoprovidingcustomerswiththegoodsandservicestheywant.Thewordbusinessalsoreferstoanorganizationthatprovidesthesegoodsandservices.Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit（禾U潤）-thataimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofopera

22、tingthebusiness._1_Commonlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders_2.Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,direction,andcontroloftheoperationsofabusiness._3_Oneistheestablishment （ 制定）ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;th

23、epurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting._4_Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofwordinalldepartments.Directionisconcernedprimarilywithsupervision（監(jiān)管）andguidancebythemanagementinauthority_5_A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwor

24、k.B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoenoughtocovertheiroperatingcostsEThesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbyde

25、partments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.GPlanninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.【分析】本文是說明文。生意是給顧客提供商品和服務(wù)的有效手段，其目的有兩種：一個是營利，另一個是非營利。文章介紹了 businessmanagemen 曲勺含義。1 .解析：細節(jié)過渡題。上文談到有利潤的生意，下文則出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折，是無利潤的生意；還有，下文中的 nonprofits 和 D 項的意思一致。答案：D2 .解析：解釋說明題。根據(jù)上文中的“Comm

26、onlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.”可知，此處是給出的有關(guān) nonprofits 的具體例子，故 C 項是正確答案。答案：C3 .解析：細節(jié)過渡題。根據(jù)下文中提到的三個方面的介紹可知，此處是總述，下文是分述，故選 Q答案：G4.解析：文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。上文提到第一個方面，下文提到第三個方面，很顯然此處是第二個方面。答案：E5.解析：文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。該段提到 planning 和 direction,所以最后作者開始解釋 control。答案：A【2012全國卷】Kidshe

27、alth:FourstepsforfightingstressEverybodygetsstressedfromtimetotime.1Somewaysofdealingwithstresslikescreamingorhittingsomeonedontsolve(解決)much.Butotherways,liketalkingtosomeoneyoutrust,canleadyoutosolvingyourproblemoratleastfeelingbetter.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed(1)Getsupport.W

28、henyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives._2_Theymighthavehadsimilarproblemssuchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.(2)Donttakeitoutonyourself.Sometimeswhenkidsarestressedandupsettheytakeitoutonthemselves.Oh,dear,thatsnotagoodidea.Reme

29、mberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.Donttakeitoutonyourself.3(3)Trytosolvetheproblem.Afteryourecalmandyouhavesupportfromadultsandfriends,itstimetogetdowntobusiness.4Evenifyoucantsolveitall,youcansolveapieceofit.(4)Bepositive.Moststressistemporary 暫日 t的).Rememberstressdoesgoaway,especiallywhenyoufi

30、gureouttheproblemandstartworkingonsolvingit.Thesestepsarentmagicbuttheydowork.Andifyoucanstaypositiveasyoumakeyourwaythroughatoughtime,youllhelpyourselffeelbetterevenfaster_5_.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.B.Noticeyourfriendsfeelingsandfindawaytohelpthem.C.Differentpeoplefeels

31、tressindifferentways.D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddontforgetaboutyourfriends.G.Then,findawaytocalmdown.【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了克服壓力的四個步驟：獲取支持、避免自責(zé)、解決問題和保持積極情緒。1 .解析：細節(jié)過渡題。句首的“Everybodygetsstressedfromtimetotime.”是本段主題句，由此可知，此處的語境應(yīng)該和主題有關(guān)，再聯(lián)系下文中的“Someways.和“B

32、utotherways.”，說明不同的人對壓力的體驗不同。答案：C2 . 解 析 ： 細 節(jié) 過 渡 題 。 本 段 主 旨 是 “ 求 助 ” ， 聯(lián) 系 上 文 中 的“parentorotherrelatives”可知，此處談到向朋友求助。答案：F3 .解析：段落結(jié)論題。根據(jù)（2）中的aRememberthattherearealwayspeopletohelpyou.”可以推知， 你需要尋求幫助以渡過難關(guān)。答案：A4 .解析：細節(jié)理解題。聯(lián)系該段的主題句“Trytosolvetheproblem.”可以推知，你需要弄清楚你的問題所在。答案：E5 .解析：段落結(jié)論題。任何壓力都是暫時的，

33、所以保持樂觀情緒，沒有壓力當(dāng)然感覺很好。答案：D(VI)【2011全國卷】MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney._1_Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthingscandyortoys,forexample.1. ThebasicfunctionofmoneyBeginexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservi

34、ces.Itsimportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethingshewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoyjivehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier(收專艮員)._2_Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.2.MoneylessonsApproachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.3_Ifyoumustsaynotoachildsrequesttospendmoneyexplain,“Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.Or,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.3.4Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickoutsimilarbrandsofaproducanamebrandbutte