中考專題復(fù)習(xí)--動(dòng)詞不定式學(xué)案

1、中考專題復(fù)習(xí)-動(dòng)詞不定式學(xué)案中考要求：（學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：）動(dòng)詞不定式（不定式作賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、目的狀語）動(dòng)詞不定式一.構(gòu)成：todo否定形式：nottodo二.用法：1 .作賓語：、_以下動(dòng)詞常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語：choose/agree/expect/hope/decide/learn/prefer/pretend/know/wish/want/wouldlike/love/forget/remember/afford/try/choose/used/fail/need/plan+todo例：IdlovetovisitMexico.動(dòng)詞find,think,make接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語時(shí)，常用it

2、作形式賓語，而將不定式作真正的賓語放在句末。主語+find/make/think+it+adj+todo.例：Ifinditdifficulttoremembereverything.常見的一些不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式：Whynotdo，hadbetter（not）do,wouldratherdo,could/would/willyouplease（not）do例：Iwouldratherstayathome.不定式常和疑問詞what,which,when,where,how,why等構(gòu)成不定式短語作賓語?？筛私Y(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有ask,decide,findout,forget,know,learn,

3、remember,tell,wonder等。例：Idontknowwhattoweitabout.Pleasetellushowtodoit.鄉(xiāng)作賓語補(bǔ)足語以下動(dòng)詞常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：ask,allow,advise,expect,suppose,invite,encourage,teach,tell,want,wish,wouldlike/love例：Hisparentstellhimnottodriveafterdrinking有一些使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞也用不定式作賓補(bǔ)，這時(shí)不定式要省略to。這些動(dòng)詞有：一感（feel）、二聽（hear,listento）三讓（let,make,ha

4、ve）、四看（lookat,see,watch,notice）、*幫助（help后即可接動(dòng)詞不定式，也可接省略to的不定太）例：ThispicturemakesmefeeltenseUsingemailEnglishhelpsyouwrite/towritequickly.3.用作狀語（目的狀語）（有時(shí)可放在句首表強(qiáng)調(diào)。）例：Agroupofyoungpeoplegottogetherto（inorderto）discussthisquestion.Tocatchthefirstbushegotupatfiveoclock.展：（5分鐘）檢：（12分鐘）中考試題分析走向河北中考1. （2010

5、年）Idlikeyouforapicnicwithus.A.goB.togoC.goingD.went2. （2011年）WheneveryouhaveachanceEnglish.Youshouldtakeit.AspeakBtospeakCspeaksDspoke3. （2012年）abookinthelibrary,enterakeywordintothecomputer.A.TofindB.FindC.TowriteD.Write4. （2013年）ThechildrendecidetheirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.cleanB.tocleanC

6、.cleaningD.cleaned5. （2014年）Dontforgetthankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.A.acceptB.toacceptC.sayD.tosay6 .（2015年）一Itsimportantforustoknowallthesubjects.一Yeah,groupworkismyfavorite.A.howtostudyB.whentostudyC.whichtostudyD.whattostudy7 .（2018年）ontime,to,remember,arrive課后反思：課后拓展：（將下列含有不定式的英文諺語翻譯成漢語）1. Afaith

7、fulfriendishardtofind.2. Eachbirdlovestohearhimselfsing.3. Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,wealthyandwise.4. Eattolive,butnotlivetoeat.5. Itiseasiertogetmoneytokeepit.6. Itiseasytoopenashopbuthardtokeepitalwaysopen.7. Itishardtopleaseall.8. Itisnevertoooldtolearn.9. Nottoadvanceisyogoback.1

8、0. Toknoweverythingistoknownothing.11. Toknowoneselfistrueprogress.12. Tosavetimeistolengthenlife.1.知音難覓。2. 孤芳自賞（自鳴得意）3. 早睡早起4. 吃飯是為了活著，不是為了吃飯而活。5. 掙錢容易存錢難。6. 創(chuàng)業(yè)容易守業(yè)難。7. 取悅各方，談何容易（眾口難調(diào)）8. 學(xué)無止境（活到老、學(xué)到老）9. 沒有進(jìn)步就等于是后退。（不進(jìn)則退）10. 樣樣通、樣樣松（什么都知，不如不知）11. 人貴有自知之名12. 節(jié)約時(shí)間就是延長生命。一、英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)試卷1 .閱讀理解Jennylooke

9、datthestorewindow.TherewasnothingthatshewantedmorethanaHappyHannahdoll.Itwas$29.95.Unluckily,Jennydidntevenhavethe95cents.Asshecrossedthestreet,shethoughtaboutdoingherbrothershousework,cleaningthefloor,washingthedishesallmonth,buteventhenshewouldhaveonlyelevendollars.Suddenly,somethingsmallandpinkin

10、thesnowcaughthereyes.Jennywalkedoverandpickeditupfromthesnow.Itwasabeautifulwallet.Sheopenedthewalletandfoundmanydollarsandawomansdriverslicenseinit.Jennyputthewalletintoherbagquickly.Sheturnedaroundandwalkedback.Jennysheartbeat(跳動(dòng))fastasshewentintothestore.Shehadlongdreamedaboutthismoment,butsometh

11、ingdidntfeelright.AsshegottotheHappyHannahdolls,shepushedawayherfeelings.Shegrabbed(抓起)oneandwalkedtowardthecheckout.AsJennywaswaitingtopay,hermobilephonerang.Itwashergrandma.Jennysheartwassuddenlyfilledwithloveandwarmthwhenshethoughtofher.Sheputthedolldownandansweredthephone.“Hi,Grandma?Imgoingtobe

12、alittlebitlatetonight.Alright.Iloveyou,too.Jennyl(allthewayto301WestStreet.Thewomanwhoansweredthedoorlookedsad.“Here,Ifoundthisinthesnow,Jennysaid.“Oh,goodGod!Thisisthemoneyfortheorphanage(M兒院)!Thankyou!Afterdoingherbrothershouseworkforthreemonths,JennyfinallygotaHappyHannahdoll.Shewassohappybecause

13、shecouldplaywithherdollandlookhergrandmaintheeye.(1) WhatdidJennyfindinthesnow?A.Abag.B.Awallet.C.Adoll.D.Amobilephone.(2) HowdidJennyfeelwhenshethoughtofhergrandma?A.Moved.B.Surprised.C.Nervous.D.Warm.(3) WhydidJennygoto301WestStreet?A.Tofindatoystore.B.Tovisittheorphanage.C.Toreturnthemoney.D.Tolo

14、okafterthewoman.(4) WhatdidJennydotogetthedoll?A.Shedidherbrothershouseworkforthreemonths.B. Sheaskedhergrandmatobuyitforher.C. Shetooksomemoneyfromthewoman.D. Shecleanedthefloorinthestoreforallmonth.(5) Whatdoweknowfromthestory?A. Thegirliskindandneverdoeswrong.B. Thegirlsgrandmahasagreatinfluenceo

15、nher.C. Thewomanismeanandneverhelpsothers.D. ThegirldidnthaveaHappyHannahdollintheend.【答案】(1)BD(3) C(4) A(5) B【解析】【分析】本文敘述了有一次詹妮在雪地里撿起了一個(gè)錢包，她本想去拿著這錢去買一個(gè)自己喜歡的洋娃娃，可是當(dāng)她想付錢的時(shí)候，她接到了祖母的電話，她想起來祖母，于是就放棄了用撿來的錢來買東西的想法，把錢包物歸原主了，決定通過給她的弟弟做三個(gè)月的作業(yè)，最后得到了自己想要的洋娃娃。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jennywalkedoverandpickeditupfromthesnow.I

16、twasabeautifulwallet.可知，詹妮在雪地里撿起的是錢包。故選Bo(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AsJennywaswaitingtopay,hermobilephonerang.Itwashergrandma.Jennysheartwassuddenlyfilledwithloveandwarmthwhenshethoughtofher.可知，詹妮當(dāng)想起她的祖母的時(shí)候，她感覺很溫暖。故選Do(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jennyleftthestoreandwalkedallthewayto301WestStreet.Thewomanwhoansweredthedoorlookedsad.

17、Here,Ifoundthisinthesnow,可知，詹妮Jen30saidW是去還錢包。故選C。(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Afterdoingherbrothershouseworkforthreemonths,JennyfinallygotaHappyHannahdoll.可知，詹妮通過給她的弟弟做了三個(gè)月的作業(yè)，最后得到了自己想要的洋娃娃。故選Ao(5)推理判斷題。根據(jù)Jennysheartwassuddenlyfilledwithloveandwarmthwhenshethoughtofher.Shewassohappybecauseshecouldplaywithherdollandl

18、ookhergrandmaintheeye.可知，詹妮特另1J尊重自己的祖母，看重祖母的看法?？赏浦淖婺笇λ绊懞艽?。故選?！军c(diǎn)評】推理判斷題是每年中考的必考題型之一，也是英語閱讀理解中難度較大的題型，屬于深層理解題。它要求學(xué)生對文章中的內(nèi)容及作者的思路做出合理的判斷和推理，也就是要運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力推論出蘊(yùn)含在文章中卻沒有明說的事實(shí)及暗示的含義，即英語中所說的readbetweenthelines。因此，學(xué)生應(yīng)在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上，從文章本身所提供的信息出發(fā)，運(yùn)用邏輯思維，并借助一定的常識(shí)進(jìn)行分析、推理，在已知和未知信息之間搭起橋梁，透過字里行間，體會(huì)弦外之音”，從而揭示文章的深層涵義。2.

19、閱讀理解。Haveyoueverbeensadbecauseyoufailedinsomething?Ifso,pleaseremember,foroften,achievingwhatyouexpectisnotthemostimportantthing.Hereisastorytotellyouwhy.Onedayalittleboydecidedtodigaholebehindhishouseafterwatchingascienceprogram.Ashewasworking,acoupleofboysstoppedbytowatch.Whatareyoudoing?”askedone

20、ofthevisitors.deepholeallthewaythroughtheearth!”theboyansweredexcitedly.Theolderboysbegantngaugh,tellithatitwasimpossibletodoit.Thentheyleft.Thelittleboykeptondigginganddigging.Suddenly,afewsmallcolorfulstonescaughthiseyes.Hecollectedthemandputthemintoaglassjar(罐)patiently.Humming(哼唱)asong,hewentond

21、igging.Thejarwasfullsoon.Thenhetalkedtohimselfcalmlyandproudly,“MaybeIcantfinishdiggingallthewaythroughtheearthbutlookatwhatIhavefoundintheprocess(過程)ofdigging!”Theboysgoal(目標(biāo))wastoodifficult,butitdidcausehimtogoon,inotherwords,tocauseustokeepworking!Noteverygoalwillbeachieved.Noteveryjobwillendupwi

22、thasuccess.Noteverydreamwillcometrue.Butwhenyoucantachieveyourgoal,maybeyoucansay,“Yes,bounolawhattheeway!TherearesomanywonderfulthingsthathavecomeintomylifebecauseItriedtodosomething!Itisinthediggingthatlifeislived.Itistheunexpectedjoyonthejourneythatreallyhasameaning.(1) Whatdidtheboydoafterwatchi

23、ngaprogram?A.Heboughtaglassjar.B.Heplayedwithsomevisitors.C.Hestartedtodigahole.D.Hewentonwatchingtheprogram.(2) Whatdidtheolderboysthinkofthelittleboy?A.Hewassilly.B.Hewasstrong-minded.C.Hewasstrict.D.Hewasenergetic.(3) Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Itisinthediggingthatlifeislived.meanaccordingtoth

24、earticleA.Lifeistomakeabigsuccess.B.Lifeisdifficultbutcolorful.C.Lifeistofindthecolorfulstones.D.Lifeisonthewaytoachievethegoal.【答案】(1)BA(3) D【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要描述了一個(gè)想挖穿地球的小男孩，最終沒有挖穿地球。卻在挖掘的過程中，挖掘到了多彩的寶石。從而告訴我們雖然努力不一定就能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，但是我們也許會(huì)在過程中有很大的收獲，我們要珍惜努力的過程。(1) B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段Onedayalittleboydecidedtodigaholeb

25、ehindhishouseafterwatchingascienceprogram.描述，可知選B。(2) A根據(jù)第二段Theolderboysbegantolaugh,tellinghimthatitwasimpossibletodoit.描述，可知這個(gè)大男孩認(rèn)為他很愚蠢，故選Ao(3) D聯(lián)系前文描述，可知這句話指的是生活的真義就是實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。故選Do3.閱讀理解Robertwasaboyofeightyearsold.Oneday,whenhewasdoingcleaningathome,hethoughtheshouldmovetheboxoutofthehouse.Theboxmade

26、ofwoodwasveryheavy.Anditwasmuchbiggerthanhe.Hetried,buthecouldnotmoveit.Afterrestingforashorttime,theboystartedoncemore,butfailedagain.Hecouldntevenmoveitabit.Hefeltverytiredandhopeless.Justthen,hisfathercamehomefromworkandsawhissonworkhard.HedidnthelpRobert.Instead,heasked,Dearson,haveyoudoneyourbe

27、st?Andareyoudoingeverythingyoucan?theboycried.No,yourenot.hisfathersaidquietly,Youhavenotaskedmetohelpyou.Askingforhelpisnotaweakness.Atsomepoint,eventhestrongestofusneedshelp.Itisimportanttoknowwhentoaskforhelpandunderstandwhyyouneedit.Neverbeafraidtoaskothersforhelpwhenyoureintrouble.Robertnoddedw

28、ithabigsmile.(1) Whatdidtheboywanttomoveaway?A.Astone.B.Abox.C.Awood.D.Atoy.(2) Robertcouldntmoveitoutbecauseitwastoo.A.heavyB.tallC.lowD.high(3) HowdidRobertfeelafterhetriedagainandagain?A. Hehopedhecouldmoveitsometimelater.B. Hethoughthecouldaskforhelp.C. Hefeltverytiredandhopeless.D. Hebecamevery

29、proudofhimself.(4) Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinintheseventhlineofthearticle?A. Ihardlydid!B.Yes,Ido!C.No,Iamnot!D.Yes,Iam!55)Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Howtomoveaheavythingaway.B. AninterestingstoryaboutRobert.C.Robertshardwork.D.Learntoaskforhelpwhenneeded.【答案】(1)BA(3) C(4) D(5) D【解析】【分析】

30、大意：本文通過Robert一個(gè)8歲的男孩打掃衛(wèi)生時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)他應(yīng)該把房間里的木箱搬走卻搬不動(dòng)的而沒有請求他爸爸幫助，后來他爸爸通過搬木箱的事情告訴他兒子要學(xué)會(huì)求助，當(dāng)需要幫助的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該向他人尋求幫助，不要害怕向他人尋求幫助。(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)whenhewasdoingcleaningathome,hethoughtheshouldmovetheboxoutofthehouse當(dāng)他在家打掃衛(wèi)生時(shí)，他想他應(yīng)該把盒子搬出去，可知他想移動(dòng)箱子，故選B。(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theboxmadeofwoodwasveryheavy這個(gè)木頭盒子很重，可知因?yàn)橄渥犹亓?，故選A。(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)A

31、fterrestingforashorttime,theboystartedoncemore,butfailedagain.Hecouldntevenmoveitabit.Hefeltverytiredandhopeless休息了一會(huì)兒后，男孩又開始了，但又失敗了.他一點(diǎn)也動(dòng)不了.他感到非常疲倦和絕望，可知他感到非常疲倦和絕望，故選Co(4)細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)Andareyoudoingeverythingyoucan?你盡力了嗎？你在盡你所能嗎？和下文No,yourenot.不，你沒有?？芍颂幨侵v是的，我是，areyou提問，肯定回答用Yes,Iam,故選D。(5)主旨大意題。根據(jù)Askin

32、gforhelpisnotaweakness.Atsomepoint,eventhestrongestofusneedshelp.Itisimportanttoknowwhentoaskforhelpandunderstandwhyyouneedit.Neverbeafraidtoaskothersforhelpwhenyoureintrouble可知，尋求幫助不是一個(gè)弱點(diǎn)。在某個(gè)時(shí)候，即使是我們中最強(qiáng)壯的人也需要幫助。知道何時(shí)尋求幫助并理解你為什么需要幫助是很重要的。遇到困難時(shí)，不要害怕向別人尋求幫助.結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，文章主要講了羅伯特父親教育他要學(xué)會(huì)求助，故選Do【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解能力，細(xì)

33、節(jié)題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題要從文中尋找答案主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤。DearAlan,Guesswhat?Ihaveachancetochoosemynewplacetolivein.Iamexcitedandalittlenervous.Couldyoupleasegivemesomehelp?IamnotsurewhetherIwillliveinahouseorinanapartment.Ontheonehand,ahousewillbetoobigforjustoneperson,somaybeIshouldrentana

34、partment,Ontheotherhand,ifIrentahouse,Icouldfindsomeoneelsetosharewithme.Theonlyproblemisthatahousefullofpeoplemightbetoonoisyforme.Iprefertohavemyownspace.Thecityhassomeniceapartments,buttheyarealsotooexpensive.However,ifIcouldfindatwo-bedroomapartmentandgetaroommate,thatwouldmakeitmoreaffordable.I

35、justneedtosearchforaroommatewhoisneatandquiet.YouknowIcannotlivewithsomeonewhoisloudandmessy.Idonothaveacar,soIalsoneedtothinkcarefullyaboutthelocation.Iprobablyneedtolookforsomewherenearabusstoporanundergroundstation.ThatwayIwillhavemoretimetostudyandspendlesstimetravelling.Imlookingforwardtoyourre

36、ply.Love,Victor(1) Victorfeelsexcitedbecausehecandecidewheretolive.(2) 2)Victorwantstosharethehousewitha(an)neatandquietperson.(3) IfVictorfindsaroommate,hewillwastemoney.(4) Victordoesnthaveacar,sohewantsatwo-bed-roomapartment(5) 5)Victoralsoneedstothinkcarefullyaboutthelocation.【答案】(1)11(3) 0(4) 0

37、(5) 1【解析】【分析】主要講了Victor寫信向Alan詢問怎樣選擇新居住地。11) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Ihaveachancetochoosemynewplacetolivein.Iamexcitedandalittlenervous.可知Victor是興奮的，因?yàn)樗袡C(jī)會(huì)選擇新住址，故選正確。12) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Ijustneedtosearchforaroommatewhoisneatandquiet.可知Victor希望舍友是干凈和文靜的，故選正確。13) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)However,ifIcouldfindatwo-bedroomapartmentandgetaroommate,tha

38、twouldmakeitmoreaffordable.可知Victor找到舍友后會(huì)平分房租，所以不是浪費(fèi)錢，故選錯(cuò)誤。14) 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Idonothaveacar,soIalsoneedtothinkcarefullyaboutthelocation.可知Victor沒有車，所以也需要仔細(xì)考慮位置，而不是想要一個(gè)兩間臥室的公寓，故選錯(cuò)誤。15) 5)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Idonothaveacar,soIalsoneedtothinkcarefullyaboutthelocation.可知Victor沒有車，所以也需要仔細(xì)考慮位置，故選正確?！军c(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找

39、答案。5.閱讀理解On26February,IgotanemailfrommyfriendDavid,askingmetogotoTanzaniatotraintheirsoftwareengineers.ThecompanyislocatedinDaresSalam,abeautifulcoastalcitytothewestoftheIndianOcean.IstayedforabouttwoweeksinthatcitylasttimeIwasthere.Duringmystaythere,Davidtookmetothenearbybeachandwehadawonderfulwalk

40、alongthecoastwhichhadleftadeepimpressiononme.Iwasimpressedbytheoceanwaterandthedeepbluesky.Aftermorethan19hoursofairtravel,IwasfinallyhereatDaresSalaamAirport.Thetemperatureherewashighasusual-over30degrees.Ifeltshortofbreathbecauseoftheunbearableheatinthistinyhall.WhenIfinallygotmyturn,Ihandedmypassporttotheofficerinfrontofme,Hehadaclosel