201906四級真題（第二套）

2019年6月英語四級真題試卷PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:thispart,areallowed30minutesanewsreportyourcampusnewspaperonavisitalocalfarmorganizedbyyourStudentUnion.Youshouldatleast120wordsbutnothan180words._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,hearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,willhearorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthenquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,andD).ThenthecorrespondingletteronAnswer1asinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions12arebasedonnewsreportyouhaveheard.1.AHeavyfloods.）Safetyconcerns.）BadDWorkers’strikes.2.AItcompetitivenumeroustouristdestinations.）providesmanyjobopportunitiesforFrenchpeople.）thebiggestconcernoftheFrenchgovernment.DItplaysanimportantrolethenation’sQuestions34arebasedonnewsreportyouhaveheard.3.Acarryoutascientific）establishanewresearchstation.）rescuesickAmericanworkers.Ddeliverurgentmedicalsupplies.4.AThedarknessandcold.）Theheavysnowand）Thebitingwinds.DTheiceallaround.Questions5to7arebasedonnewsreportyouhaveheard.5.Atyingadoorhandle.）shakingbackandforth.）Witharemotecontrolcraft.DWithafull-sizedhelicopter.6.AHehaslotsoffansonFacebook.）Hehasrichexperienceflying.）Heoftensuffersfromtoothaches.DHehaslearnedpullteethfromavideo.7.ASpendtogether.）Tellthemadventurestories.）Dosomethingfunandcreative.Dthemasafeplace.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,hearlongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,hearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionsbespokenonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedABC)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1alinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedonnewsreportyouhaveheard.8.Aconfirmanurgentappointment.）collectapackagefromthewoman.）asktheadocument.Darrangethedeliveryofapackage.9.Adoingshopping.）visitingafriend.）notathome.Dnotfeelingwell.1）Hebeoffdutythewholeday.）Hebeworkingsomewhereelse.）Hehavehavehiscarrepaired.DHebetoobusyspareandtime.1）hername.）Confirmonline.）afee.DShowupperson.Questions12to15arebasedonnewsreportyouhaveheard.1）Vacation）Studyabroad.）Throwafarewellparty.DGoafashionshowMilan.1）Quitesleepy.）Veryexcited.）Ratherdepressed.DNearlyexhausted.1）Hehasattendaparty.）Hehasafriend.）Hehasapresentation.DHehasfinishanassignment.1）goodbyetheattheairport.）MeettheattheBlackCatCafe.）DrivetheWomantheairport.Dlunchthewoman.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,hearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,hearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionsbespokenonlyonce.Afterhearaquestion,mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1alinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonpassageyouhaveheard.16.A)Ithaskeptgrowingoverthecenturies.tophiddencloudsofvolcanicsmoke.heightchangeseachvolcaniceruption.D)Ithasarecordedhistoryof1500years.17.A)Theyarenowatouristdestination.Theyattractalotofmigratingbirds.Theyprovideshelterforthefarmers.D)Theygoodfieldsforfarming.18.A)Theynestonthevolcano’sslopes.Theyfeedoncertainsmallmammals.Theycompeteeachotherforfood.D)Theymatchmammalsstrength.Questions19to21arebasedonpassageyouhaveheard.1229.A)Heself-employed.Heacareeradvisor.Hestudiestalent.D)Heownsamagazine.0.A)Doingwhattheylikebest.Lovingtheworktheydo.Makingnoexcusesforfailures.D)Followingtheirnaturalinstinct.1.A)Itdoesnotanythingwithouthardmayprovebequitedifferentfromhardanaturalgiftonlyspecialpeoplecanpossess.D)doesnotuntilsomethingspecialhappens.Questions22to25arebasedonpassageyouhaveheard.22.A)Itabitdifficultlearn.waspopularNewZealand.atraditionalofballet.D)evolvedthemid-1970s.23.A)wantedherbeaballetdancer.usedbeaballetdancerherself.hatedseeheridlingabout.D)wastoobusylookafterher.4.A)AftershestartedteachingEnglish.BeforesheleftforNewZealand.WhenshemovedNewYorkD)Onceshebeganliveonherown.5.A)Ithasrenewedherpassionforlife.hasmadeherhappyandenergetic.hashelpedhernewfriends.D)hasenabledherstartanewcareer.22PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:thissection,thereapassagetenblanks.Youarerequiredselectonewordforeachblankfromaofchoicesgivenawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoicethebankidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2asinglelinethroughthecentre.Younotuseanyofthewordsthebankthanonce．Shipsareoftensunkordercreateunderwaterreefs(暗礁)perfectforscubadiving(水肺式潛泳)andpreservingmarine26thanaship,andwouldn’tnormallyevertouchwater,anAirbusA300.Thehollowed-outA300was27ofeverythingpotentiallyharmfultheenvironmentandsunkofftheAegeancoasttoday.Notonlythesunkenplane28theperfectskeletonforartificialreefgrowth,tutauthoritieshopethisnewunderwaterattractionbringtouriststhearea.TurkishauthoritieshavejustsunksomethingalittledifferentTheplane29atotallengthof54meters,whereexperiencedscubadivers30beableventurethroughthecabinandaroundtheplane’s31.MunicipalityboughttheplanefromaprivatecompanyforjustunderUS$100,000,buttheyhopeseeareturnonthat32throughthetourismindustry.TourismthroughoutTurkeyexpectedfallthisyearasthecountryhasbeenthe33ofseveraldeadlyterroristattacks.Asfarassunkenplanes34sunkaircraftever.thisAirbusA300thelargestTakingaunderwaterand35theinsideofasunkenA300wouldbequiteanadventure,andthatexactlywhatTurkishauthoritiesarehopingthisattractionpeoplethink.Drawingadventureseekersandexperienceddivers,thisnewartificialAirbusreefbeascubadiver’sparadise(天堂).A)createdepressedC)eventuallyD)experiencesexploringexteriorG)habitatsH)innovateI)intentionallyJ)investmentK)revealingL)stretchesM)strippedN)territoryO)victimSectionBDirections:Inthissection,aregoingreadapassagetenstatementsattachedeachstatementcontainsinformationgivenoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationderived.Youchooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphmarkedaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Stuff,Fail,LearnWhileYou’reAtItA)alwaysbeenahands-on,do-it-yourselfkindofnation.BenFranklin,oneofAmerica’sfoundingfathers,didn’tjustinventthelightningrod.creationsincludeglasses,innovativestovesandmore.Franklin,whowaslargelyself-taught,mayhavebeenagenius,buthewasn’treallyanexceptionwhencomesAmericanmakingandcreativity.ThepersonalcomputingrevolutionandphilosophyofdisruptiveinnovationofSiliconValleypart,outofthecreationsoftheHomebrewComputerClub,WhichwasfoundedaMenloPark,California,themid-1970s.Members—includingnamedJobsandWozniak—startedmakingandinventingthingstheycouldn’tD)it’snosurprisethattheMakerMovementtodaythrivingcommunitiesandschoolsacrossAmerica.Makingavailableordinarypeoplewhoaren’ttiedbigcompanies,bigdefenselabsorresearchuniversities.ThemakerphilosophyechoesoldideasadvocatedbyJohnDewey,Montessori,andevenancientGreekphilosophers,aswepointedoutrecently.Thesemakerspacesareoftenoutsideofclassrooms,andareservinganimportanteducationalfunction.TheMakerMovementrediscoveringlearningbydoing,whichDewey’sphrasefrom100yearsago.arerediscoveringDeweyandMontessoriandalotofthepracticesthattheypioneeredthathavebeenforgottenoratleastputaside.Amakerspaceaplacewhichcanbeaschool,butdoesn’tlooklikeaclassroom.Itcanbealibrary.Itcanbeoutthecommunity.Ithastoolsandmaterials.It’saplacewherethingsbasedonyourinterestandonwhatyou’relearningdo.Ideasaboutlearningbydoinghavestruggledmainstreameducationally,despitebeingoldconceptsfromDeweyandMontessori,PlatoandAristotle,andtheAmericanContext,RalphEmerson,onthevalueofexperienceandself-reliance.It’snotnecessarilyanefficientwaylearn.learn,asense,bytrialanderror.Learningfromexperiencesomethingthattakesandpatience.It’sindividualized.yourgoalhavestandardizedapproacheslearning,whereeverybodylearnsthethingatthethethenlearningbydoingdoesn’treallythatmoldanymore.It’snottheworldoftextbooks.It’snottheworldoftesting.G）Learningbydoingmaynotbeefficient,buteffective.Project-basedlearninghaspopularityteachersandadministrators.However,project-basedlearningnotAlthoughthereaconnection,therealsoadistinction.Thedifferencelieswhethertheprojectasensedefinedanddevelopedbythestudentorwhetherit’sassignedbyateacher.allthebuildasmallboat.areallgoinglearnaboutX,Y,andThattendsbeoneformofproject-basedlearning.H）Ireallybelievethecoreideaofmakinghaveanideawithinyourhead—orjustborrowfromsomeone—andbegindevelop,repeatandimproveThen,realizethatideasomehow.Thatthingthatvaluableandcanshareothers.I’minterestedhowthesethingsareexpressionsofthatperson,theirideas,andtheirinteractionstheworld.I）Inalotofofmakingschooltrivialize（使變得無足輕重）Thethingthathasnovalueyou.Oncearedonedemonstratingwhateverconceptwasthetextbook,throwawaythepipecleaners,thecardboardtubes.J）Makingshouldbestudent-directedandstudent-led,otherwiseit’sboring.doesn’thavethemotivationofthestudent.I’mnotsayingthatstudentsshouldnotlearnconceptsornotlearnskills.Theydo.Butreallyharnesstheirmotivationbuildupontheirinterest.It’sletthembecontrolandthecar.KTeachersshouldaimbuildasupportive,creativeenvironmentforstudentsdothisAsocialenvironment,wheretheyarelearningfromeachother.Whentheyhaveaproblem,isn’ttheteachernecessarilycomingTheyareresponsibleforworkingthroughthatproblem.Itbetheyhavetalkotherstudentstheclasshelpananswer.Theteacher’sroleofacoachorobserver.Sometimes,people,soundslikethisadiminishedroteforteachers.Ithinkit’saheightenedrole.You’recreatingthisenvironment,likeamakerspace.Youhave20kidsdoingdifferentthings.Youarewatchingthemandreallyit’sthehumanbehaviorsyou’relookingat.Aretheyengaged?Atheydevelopingandrepeatingtheirproject?Aretheystumbling(受挫)？Dotheyneedsomethingthattheydon’thave?Canhelpthembeawareofwheretheyare?beliefthatthegoalofmakingnoteverybehands-on,butenableusbegoodlearners.It’snottheknowledgethatvaluable,It’sthepracticeoflearningnewthingsandunderstandinghowthingsTheseareprocessesthataredevelopingsothatareable,overtime,tackleinterestingproblems,morechallengingproblems—problemsthatrequiremanypeopleinsteadofoneperson,andmanyskillsinsteadofone.N)Ifteacherskeepform-freeandstudent-led,canbetiedacurriculumandaneducationalplan.Ithinkamakerspacemorelikealikealibrarythattherearemultiplesubjectsandmultiplethingsthatcanlearn.Whatseemsbemissingschoolhowthesesubjectsintegrate,howtheytogetheranymeaningfulRatherthan‘Thisscience,overherehistory,’Iseeschoolstakingthisideaofprojectsandlookingat:Howdotheysupportchildrenhigherlevellearning?O)Ifeellikethisashiftawayformasubjectmatter-basedcurriculumaexperientialcurriculumorlearning.It’searlystages,butIthinkit’sshiftingaroundnotwhatkidslearnbuthowtheylearn.36.Amakerspacewherepeoplethingsaccordingtheirpersonalinterests.37.Theteachers’roleenhancedamakerspaceastheyhavemonitorandfacilitateduringtheprocess.38.Comingupanideaofone’sownorimprovingonefromotherstheconceptof344449.Contrarystructuredlearning,learningbydoinghighlyindividualized.0.Americaanationknownfortheideaofmakingthingsbyoneself.1.Makingbeboringunlessstudentsareablecharge.2.Makingcanberelatedaproject,butcreatedandcarriedoutbystudentsthemselves.3.Theauthorsuggestsincorporatingtheideaofamakerspaceintoaschoolcurriculum.444.Themakerconceptamodernversionofancientphilosophicalideas.5.Makingnottakenseriouslyschoolwhenstudentsareaskedsomethingmeaninglessthembasedontextbooks.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesthissection.Eachfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements.eachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2asinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions4650arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Mostkidsuplearningtheycannotdrawonthewalls.Butbeunlearnthattraining—thissummer,groupofcultureaddicts,artistsandcommunityorganizersareinvitingNewYorkersalloverthewallsofanoldhouseonGovernor’sIsland.TheprojectcalledWritingOnItandit’saparticipatorywritingprojectandartisticexperimentthathashappenedonGovernor’sIslandeverysummersince2013.“Mostoftheparticipantsarepeoplewhoarejustwalkingbyorareontheislandforotherreasons,ortheyjustkindofhappenbethere,”AlexandraChasin,artisticdirectorofWritingOntellsS.The2016seasonrunsthroughJune26andfeaturessessionsfacilitatedbyeveryonefromdancersdomesticworkers.Eachsessionhasatheme,andparticipantsaregivenavarietyofmaterialsandpromptsandaskedcoversurfacestheirthoughtsandart.Thisyear,theprogramsrangefromonethatturnsthehouseintoacollaborativeessayonethatexploresthemeaningofGovernor’sIslandanationalhistoriclandmarkdistrictlongusedformilitarypurposes.Nowknownas“NewYork’ssharedspaceforartandplay,”theisland,whichliesbetweenManhattanandBrooklynUpperNewYorkclosedcarsbutopensummertouristswhoflckforfestivals,picnics,adventures,aswellasthese“l(fā)egalgraffiti(涂鴉)”Sessions.Thenotesandartscribbled(涂畫)onthewallsareanexperimentself-expression.far,participantshaverangedfrom285.ThoughChasinthefocusoftheworkontheactivityofratherthanthethatendsupgettingwritten,oftheworkthatcomesoutofthesessionshasstuckher.“Oneofthesessionsthatmovedthewasstateviolenceonblackandblackgirls,”Chasin,explainingthatoneroom,peoplewrotedownthenamesofthosekilledbecauseof“Peopledobeautifulworkandleavebeautifulmessages.”46.WhatdoesprojectWritingOnItinvitetoA)Unlearntheirtrainingdrawing.Participateastategraffitishow.Coverthewallsofanoldhousegraffiti.D)Exhibittheirartisticcreationsanoldhouse.47.Whatwelearnparticipantsproject?A)Theyarejustcultureaddicts.Theyaregraffitienthusiasts.Theyarewritersandartists.D)Theyaremostlypassers-by.48.Whatprojectparticipants2016season?A)Theywerefreescribbleonthewallswhatevertheirmind.Theyexpressedtheirthoughtsgraffitiontheofeachsession.Theylearnedthetechniquesofcollaborativewriting.D)Theywererequiredcooperateothercreators.49.WhatofplaceGovernor’sIsland?A)Itahistoricthatattractstouristsandartists.Itanareanowaccessibleonlytouristvehicles.ItaplaceUpperNewYorkBayformerlyusedforexiles.D)Itanopenareafortouristsenjoythemselvesyearround.50.WhatdoesChasinsayproject?A)Itjustfocusedonthesufferingsofblackfemales.Ithelpedexpandtheinfluenceofgraffitiart.Ithasstartedthecareerofmanycreativeartists.D)Ithascreatedmeaningfulartisticworks.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonfollowingpassage.Onlineprogramsdepressionarealreadycommerciallyavailable.theysoundefficientandcost-saving,arecentstudyreportsthattheyarenoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelyengagethemorstickThestudylookedatcomputer-assistedcognitive(認(rèn)知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)andfoundthatwasnomoreeffectivetreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor.Traditionalconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression,helpingpeoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinkorderchangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,theattractionofprovidinglow-costhelpwhereversomeonehasaccessacomputer.AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandomized(隨機(jī)的)controltrial691depressedpatientsfrom83physicianpracticesacrossEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothreegroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhiletheothergroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplusoneofcomputerizedprograms.Participantswerebalancedacrossthethreegroupsforage,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseofantidepressants(抗抑郁藥).Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingthecomputerizedprogramshadnoimprovementdepressionoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors.“It’sanimportant,cautionarynote