2018年職稱英語綜合備考閱讀判斷練習(xí)(五)機(jī)械類職稱英語備考

1、2018年職稱英語綜合備考閱讀判斷練習(xí)（5）機(jī)械類職稱英語備考PlantsandMankindBotany（植物學(xué)）,thestudyofplants,oupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhumanknowledge.WedontknowwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplants,butfromwhatwecanobserveofpreindustrialialsocietiesthatstillexist,adetailedlearningofplantsandtheirpropertiesmustbeextremel

2、yancient.Theyhavealwaysbeenenormouslyimportanttothewelfareofpeople,notonlyforfood,butalsoforclothing,weapons,tools,dyes,Medicines,shelter,andmanyotherpurposes.TribeslivingtodayinthejungleoftheAmazonrecognizehundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.Tothembotanyhasnonameandisprobablynotevenrecogniz

3、edasaspecialbranchofknowledgeatall.Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebeethefartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants.Andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows.Yeteveryoneesunconsciouslyonanamazingamountofbotanicalknowledge,andfewpeoplewillfailtorecognizearose,anapple,oranorchid.WhenourNeolit

4、hicancestors,livingintheMiddleEastabout10,000yearsago,discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryieldsthenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflowedthemarvelofagriculture:cultivatedcrops.Fromthenon,humans

5、wouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolledproductionofafewplants,ratherthangettingalittlehereandalittletherefrommanyvarietiesthatgrewwildandtheaumulatedknowledgeoftensofthousandsofyearsofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildwouldbegintofadeaway.練習(xí)：1 Itislogicalthatadetailedlearningofplants

6、andtheirpropertiesmustbeextremelyancient.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2 Peoplecannotsurvivewithoutplants.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3 .TribeslivingtodayinthejungleoftheAmazonteachbotanytotheirchildrenatschool.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4 .Ourdirectcontactwithplantsgrowswiththeprocessofindustrializa

7、tion.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5.Todaypeopleusuallyacquirealargeamountofbotanicalknowledgefromtextbooks.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6.PeoplelivingintheMiddleEastfirstlearnedtogrowplantsforfoodabout10,000yearsago.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned7.Oncemankindbeganfarming,theynolongerhadtogetfoodfrommany

8、varietiesthatgrewwild.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned參考答案:1 A.文章第一段第三句話中的指示代詞“this”是指上一句話的陳述，即“對植物及其特點(diǎn)的詳細(xì)了解一定非常久遠(yuǎn)。”2 A.第二段講到植物對于人類而言是極為重要的，為人類提供類食物、衣服、工具、藥物等生活必需品。3 B.第一段結(jié)尾部分提到現(xiàn)今仍生活在亞馬孫叢林中的部落能識別成百上千種植物，知道每一種植物的屬性。他們沒有植物學(xué)這個概念，甚至可能沒有意識到它是知識界的一個分支。因此在學(xué)校中不可能設(shè)該課。4 B.第二段第一句話說工業(yè)化的程度越高，我們與植物直接接觸就越少。5 B.第二段中說人們無意識地獲得類大量植物學(xué)知識，由此可以推出這些知識不是從教科書中獲得的。6 A.第二段提到當(dāng)生活在大約一萬年前