小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全完美版(含練習(xí))

1、目錄概述 1第一講句子 2第二講名詞 4第三講冠詞 7第四講代詞 9第五講形容詞和數(shù)詞 11第六講副詞 14第七講介詞 15第八講連詞 17第九講動(dòng)詞 18第十講語(yǔ)法的基本概念 20第十一講一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 22第十二講現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 24第十三講一般過(guò)去時(shí) 26第十四講一般將來(lái)時(shí) 28第十五講句法 30第十六講話題 32概述英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是什么：英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是針對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行研究后，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來(lái)的一系列語(yǔ)言規(guī)則。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的精髓在于掌握語(yǔ)言的使用。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是分類的，分為詞法和句法。小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和初高中相比較，只是在語(yǔ)法數(shù)量和難易程度上 有差別。英語(yǔ)有些方面是有一些規(guī)律可循的， 但是英語(yǔ)還有它另外一個(gè)

2、顯著的特點(diǎn)， 那就是知識(shí)點(diǎn)的 零碎、分散。萬(wàn)丈高樓從地起，想要學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，那就需要注重英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)?；A(chǔ)打牢才會(huì)越學(xué)越輕松。對(duì)于小學(xué)語(yǔ)法的講解，將會(huì)從 詞法、句法、時(shí)態(tài)三 個(gè)方面展開(kāi)：【詞法】八大詞法：名詞 形容詞 副詞 代詞 動(dòng)詞 數(shù)詞 介詞 冠詞【句法】七種句型：陳訴句、疑問(wèn)句（一般疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句）祈使句、被動(dòng)句、There be句型、if條件句、感嘆句【時(shí)態(tài)】四種時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)第一講：句子mom名詞的定義名詞的種類月份類人或物或抽象概念的名稱。普通名詞又可以分為四類第二講：名詞學(xué)科、報(bào)刊名也是專有名詞e.g. Monday, May, Ch

3、ristmas, Spring Festival, Maths, China Dailye.g. Jim Gree New York, Bank of China, Peking University專有名詞普通名詞國(guó)名地名人名，團(tuán) 體機(jī)構(gòu)名稱可數(shù)名詞/、口數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞個(gè)體名詞表示某類人或東西中的個(gè)體，如：student , desk集體名詞表示若干個(gè)體組成的集合體，如：class , family物質(zhì)名詞表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)名稱，如： water , rice , sand, hair抽象名詞表示情感，狀態(tài)，品質(zhì)等抽象名稱，如：love , carelessnes

4、s個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞多數(shù)可以用數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算，稱為可數(shù)名詞，有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式；物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞通常無(wú)法用數(shù)目計(jì)算，稱為 不可數(shù)名詞，一般只有一種形式。注意： 集體名詞被看作一個(gè)整體時(shí)，表達(dá)單數(shù)概念。e.g. His family was well known in the town. 他家在鎮(zhèn)里是名門望族。 集體名詞被看作 若干個(gè)體的集合時(shí)，表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)概念。e.g. His family are waiting for him. 她的家人正在等他。集體名詞表達(dá)多個(gè)集體時(shí)，也有復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. Our village is made up of 300 families.我們村有 300 戶人家。二

5、：名詞的數(shù)：1 .規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下:規(guī)則例詞1一般情況在詞尾加-smap-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞變-f和-fe為v再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves加-schief-chiefs, p

6、roof-proofs, roof-roofs4以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為party-parties, family-families, story-stories,i 加-escity-cities5以兀音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，或?qū)Ｓ?名詞以y結(jié)尾的，力口 -stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6以輔音 字母加 -o結(jié)尾 的名詞一般加-esNegro-Negroes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外來(lái)詞加-spiano-pianos, photo-pho

7、tos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos兩者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2 .不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：英語(yǔ)里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的，現(xiàn)歸納如下:規(guī)則例詞1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, go

8、ose-geese, mouse-mice2單復(fù)數(shù)相同sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin,3只后復(fù)數(shù)形式trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses,4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)people, police5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體） 也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）class, family, crowd, couple, group, government, population, team, public, party6復(fù)數(shù)形式表示特別含義customs（海關(guān)），times（時(shí)代）,spirits（情緒）,

9、drinks（飲料），sands（沙灘），papers（文件報(bào)紙）, 100ks（外表）,brains（頭腦智力）,greens倩菜）7表小某國(guó) 人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans單復(fù)數(shù)同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man 或-woman 結(jié)尾的改Englishmen, Frenchwomen為-men,-women8合成名詞將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy

10、friends無(wú)主體名詞時(shí)將最后一部分 變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)women singers, men servants三、名詞的所有格：名詞在句中表示所有關(guān)系的語(yǔ)法形式叫做名詞所有格。所有格分兩種：一是名詞詞尾加構(gòu)成，二是由介詞 of加名詞構(gòu)成。前者多表本有生命的東西，后者多表不無(wú)生命的東西。1 .所有格的構(gòu)成：?jiǎn)螖?shù)名詞在末尾加sthe boy s father, Jack s book, her son s photo,一般在末尾加the teachers room, the twins mother,復(fù)數(shù)名詞不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)名詞

11、后加sthe children s toys, women s rights,以s結(jié)尾的人名所有格加或者Dickens novels, Charles s job, the Smiths house表示各自的所有美系時(shí)，各名詞末尾Japan s and America s problems, Jane s ard Mary s均須加Sbikes表示共有的所有美系時(shí)在最舟-詞Japan and America s problems, JanMand s father末加S表示U某人家店鋪，所有格the doctor s, the barber s, the tailor s,my uncle s

12、后名詞省略2 .所有格的用法:1表小時(shí)間today s newspaper, five weeks holiday2表示自然現(xiàn)象the earths atmosphere, the trees branches3表示國(guó)家城市等地方的 名詞the countrys plan, the worlds population, Chinas industry4表示工作群體the ship s crew, majoritys view, the team s victory5表示度量衡及價(jià)值a mile s journey, five dollars worth of apples6與人類活動(dòng)有特殊關(guān)系

13、 的名詞the lifes time, the plays plot7某些固定詞組a bird 措）s eye view, a stones throw, at srendn所 s3 . of所有格的用法：用于無(wú)生命的東西： the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的東西，尤其是有較長(zhǎng)定語(yǔ)時(shí)： the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名詞化的詞：the struggle of the oppressed練習(xí):bus-lunch-carmantoy-family-potato-life-ch

14、ild-Chinese-fox-baby-1. Theresome wine in the bottle.A. isB. areC. beD. being2. Mice afraid of cats.A. isB. areC. wasD. be3. Mathematics my favourite subject.A. is B. are C. be D. were4. My father has almost .A. two hundred sheep B. two hundred sheeps C. two hundreds sheep D. two hundreds sheeps5. T

15、here are in the park.A. six child B. six childs C. six children D. six childrens第三講：冠詞冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an）,定冠詞（the）,和零冠詞。I.不定冠詞的用法：不定冠詞a, an用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 前面，泛指一類人或物中的任何一個(gè)1指,類人或事，相當(dāng)于 a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.3表小 陳- 相當(dāng)于 every, oneWe study eight hours a da

16、y.4Wtk 相同 相the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不認(rèn)識(shí)此人或與某名人 有類似性質(zhì)的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng.6用于固定詞組中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用丁 quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后This room is rather a bi

17、g one.8用丁 so（as, too, how）+形谷詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.II .定冠詞的用法：定冠詞the用在單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 前，也可用在不可數(shù)名詞前1表示某一類人或物The horse is a useful animal.2用于世上獨(dú)f二的事物名詞前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示說(shuō)話雙方都了解的或上文提到過(guò)的人或事Would you mind opening the door?4用于樂(lè)器前面play the violin, play the

18、guitar5用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示家人”或夫婦”the Greens, the Wangs7用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)前He is the taller of the two children.8用于國(guó)家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群島的名詞前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)的某個(gè)年代in the

19、1990 s11用于表示單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞，及表示時(shí)間的詞組刖He patted me on the shoulder.III .零冠詞的用法：零冠詞：名詞前不用冠詞的情況1專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名等名詞前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名詞前后 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季節(jié)，月份

20、，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前Lincoln was made President of America.5學(xué)科，語(yǔ)言，球類，棋類名詞前He likes playing football/chess.6與by連用表示交通工具的名詞前by train, by air, by land7以and連接的兩個(gè)相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí)husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前Horses are useful animals.練習(xí)：1. The

21、re is notebook on my desk. I use notebook to keep a diary.2. There is bottle on the table. water in it is sweet.3. Wangs mother is English teacher. She teaches in primary school.4. China is ancient country with long history.5. China has population of 12 hundred million. Chinese people are great peop

22、le.6. Her mother is university teacher. She is honest woman.7. None of books should be taken out of room without permission of librarian.8. Party alwaysteaches us to work for peopleheart and soul.9. Shestudies at No. 3 Middle School. Shegoes to school by bus every day.10. My elder sister is student

23、of English. She studies at college.11. Monday before Spring Festival was very cold.12. Have you had dinner?13. He lives in Shanghai.14. She is wearing sunglasses.15. Are you busy?16. I have money.17. Does Lisa want to be actress?18. Ori is best student in our class.19. Are those your shoes?20. My si

24、ster is playing piano.第四講：代詞1、人稱代詞：表示 我、你、他、她、它、我們、你們、他們”的詞我你他她它我們你們他們主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem主格一般用在句子開(kāi)頭做主語(yǔ)，通常用在動(dòng)詞前。e.g. I am a student. They are cleaning the classroom.d賓格可以用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象，一般用在動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。e.g. Ask her, please. Listen to me carefully.2、物主代詞：表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞我的你的他的她的它的我們的你

25、們的他們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirsW容詞性物主代詞后面一般要帶上名詞。如：my watch, his cousin, our schoold洛詞性物主代詞本身就可以看作是名詞，故其后不能再加名詞，可單獨(dú)使用。e.g. Is that your bike? No. Mine is blue.3、不定代詞：沒(méi)有明確指定代替某個(gè)（些）人或物的詞叫不定代詞。（1）some 和 any都表示 J些”，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。som戰(zhàn)用在肯定句中，any多用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。

26、e.g. There are some flowers in the garden. （肯定句）There isn J t any milk in the fridge.（否定句）Do you have any hobbies?（疑問(wèn)句）在表示邀請(qǐng)和希望對(duì)方給予肯定回答 的疑問(wèn)句中也要用somee.g. Would you like some coffee?Yes, please.（ Mum, can I have some peaches? Sfce!對(duì)方給予肯定回答）(2) both 和 allboth表示 兩個(gè)都”，只指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞。e.g. We are both policeme

27、n.(強(qiáng)調(diào)兩人)all表示三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上都”，既可指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。e.g. They are all in the room.(至少三人)(3) many和much都表示許多，many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。e.g. My uncle has many stamps. There is much tea in the cup.(4) each 和 everyeach強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人，指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或事物中的每個(gè)；every是指許多人或事物的 全體”,與all的意思相近。e.g. I ll buy a present for each of her pa

28、rent豉要為她的父母每人買一件禮物。Every book in his study is interesting.他書房里的每本書都很有趣。(5) other作形容詞時(shí)意思是 其他的”，指尚未提到的部分，其后一般接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。e.g. We study Chinese, English, Maths and other subjects.(6) something 和 everything something某事； 某物 e.g. I want something to drink. everything 一切事物； 每樣事物e.g. Tell me everything about you.

29、(7) nobody 沒(méi)有人 e.g. She likes nobody and nobody likes her.4、疑問(wèn)代詞：用來(lái)表達(dá)疑問(wèn)或構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句的代詞，一般放在疑問(wèn)句的句首what問(wèn)什么What s your name? My name is Tom.What colour問(wèn)顏色What colour is your coat? It s red.what day問(wèn)星期What day is it today? It s Monday.what date問(wèn)日期What date is it today? It s the first of June.what shape問(wèn)形狀What

30、 shape is the moon? It s round.what - job問(wèn)工作What s your father s job? He s a bus driver.what time問(wèn)時(shí)間What time is it? It s ten o clock.when問(wèn)時(shí)候When is your birthday? It s on the first of May.which問(wèn)哪個(gè)Which is your watch, this one or that one? That one.where問(wèn)地點(diǎn)Where is my pen? It s on the floor.who問(wèn)誰(shuí)Who

31、 is the boy with big eyes? He s Liu Tao.whose問(wèn)誰(shuí)的Whose bag is this? It s Helen s.why問(wèn)原因Why are you absent today? I m ill.how問(wèn)方式 How do you go to school? By bus.how many問(wèn)數(shù)量 How many books are there?There are five.how much問(wèn)價(jià)錢 How much is it? Twentyyuan.how old問(wèn)年齡 How old are you? I m twelve.how far問(wèn)跑離

32、How far is it from here? It s about one kilometer.how about問(wèn)情況 I m thirstytow about you? Me, too.5、指示代詞this （這個(gè)）、these （這些）表示在時(shí)間上或空間上 較近的人或物that （那個(gè)）、those （那些）表示在時(shí)間上或空間上 較遠(yuǎn)的人或物選擇題：1. Ori and Mari are good friends.study together.A. They B. She C. He D. Them2. Mari and I are from England.are English.

33、A. They B. We C. She D. It3. I am going to play tennis with.A. She B. her C. he D. his4. Mari: Where is my pencil? Ori:is on the sofa.A. It B. One C. They D. Its5. Ori: Do you have a computer? Mari: Yes, I haveA. itB. them C. one D. ones第五講：形容詞和數(shù)詞形容詞用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。它的位置通常放在被修飾的名詞前, 也可以放在be

34、動(dòng)詞和look、feel、taste sound get之后。一、形容詞的種類1 .用來(lái)表示性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)的描述形容詞Love is blue.（愛(ài)情是憂郁的。）2 .指代事物的指示形容詞That student is smart.那個(gè)學(xué)生很聰明）3 .屬于數(shù)量形容詞的不定量形容詞（1）表示 數(shù)”的形容詞用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞many。艮多的）There are many dogs in the park.a few （幾個(gè)，一些）I have a few tickets.few（幾乎沒(méi)有的）I have few friends.（2）表示量”的形容詞用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞much。艮多的）There is

35、 much milk in the bottle.a little（一點(diǎn)的）There is a little soup in the bowl.Little（幾乎沒(méi)有的）There is little soup in the bowl.（3）可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞均可修飾some, any, a lot of （=lots of）, noShe has some friends.She has some money.4 .屬于數(shù)量形容詞的數(shù)詞(1)基數(shù)詞：1, 2, 3這些表示基本數(shù)字的詞one, two, three, four, five基數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)目多少。基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞記憶口訣：一、二、三

36、，需要記，八去t,九省e, ve結(jié)尾時(shí)，f來(lái)代替, ty結(jié)尾時(shí)，y變ie,再加th,若是幾十幾，前基后序別忘記。1one11eleven21twenty-one2two12twelve22twenty -two3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eighty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten20twenty100hundred注意：數(shù)字”時(shí)以讀作“z

37、ero,”也可以讀作字母&(2)序數(shù)詞：第一、第二、第三 這些表示順序的詞first(lst), second(2nd), third(3rd), fourth(4th)序數(shù)詞：表示順序先后1stfirst11theleventh21sttwenty -first2ndsecond12thtwelfth22ndtwenty -second3rdthird13ththirteenth30ththirtieth4thfourth14thfourteenth40thfortieth5thfifth15thfifteenth50thfiftieth6thsixth16thsixteenth60thsi

38、xtieth7thseventh17thseventeenth70thseventieth8theighth18theighteenth80theightieth9thninth19thnineteenth90thninetieth10thtenth20thtwentieth100thhundredth(2)倍數(shù)詞：一倍，兩倍，三倍等表示倍數(shù)的詞在英語(yǔ)中，形容詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)，即 原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。1、表示兩者 等同”時(shí)用原級(jí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：as+原級(jí)+ as,表示“x*口 xx一樣 e.g. Are you as tall as your twin sister?其否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)為：not + as

39、+原級(jí)+ as,表示“xxF口 xxx不一樣”e.g. I mot as tall as you.2、表示兩者 比較”時(shí)用比較級(jí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：比較級(jí)+ than ,表示“xX：匕xxx更 e.g. He s one year younger than me.形容詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則：一般在詞尾加ere.g. taller, longer, stronger, younger以字母e結(jié)尾，只加re.g. late later, nice nicer 以輔音字母+ y結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加ere.g. heavy heavier雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ere.g. fat fatter, thin thi

40、nner, big bigger 雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)，在原級(jí)前加moree.g. more beautiful, more careful不規(guī)則變化e.g. good-better, many / much-more, far-farther, bad / 川-worse3、三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較，用形容詞最高級(jí)。結(jié)構(gòu)為：the +形容詞最高級(jí) +in/of等表示范圍的短語(yǔ)，表示最e.g. Autumn is the best season in New York.She is the tallest girl of our three.練習(xí)：1. Shanghai is tha

41、n Beijing. It is city in our country. (large)2. Bill isn t as as Mike. Tom is than Mike. Who is of the threeboys? (old)3. Mary draws as as Bill, and she is much than him at singing. (well, good)4. Spring is coming. The weather is getting and .(warm)5. Tom, Jon and I bought a computer each last week.

42、 John s computer is muchthan Tom s and mine. It is of the three. (expensive)1. Mari has .A. few friendsB. a few friendsC. little friendD. a little friends2. Does Mari have ?A. many bookB. many booksC. much bookD. much books3. There in the parking lot.A. was a lot of car B. was a lot of cars C. were

43、a lot of car D. were a lot of cars4. How there in the bottle?D. much wines areA. many wine is B. many wines are C. much wine is5. There in this lake.A. isn many water B. isn t much wateC. aren t many wate& aren t much water第六講：副詞定義：副詞是一種用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或形容詞的詞，說(shuō)明時(shí)間、程度、方式等概念。大多數(shù)副詞都可以放 在動(dòng)詞后面。e.g. dance beautiful

44、ly, listen carefully, sit quietly, speak loudly, very happy副詞的分類：大部分副詞的形態(tài)都是：形容詞+ ly”部分副詞的形態(tài)與其形容詞一致1時(shí)間副詞soon, now, early, finally, once, recently5頻度副詞always, often, frequently, seldom, never2地點(diǎn)副詞here, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑問(wèn)副詞how, where, when, why3方式副詞hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, r

45、eally7連接副詞how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile4程度副詞almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather8關(guān)系副詞when, where, why翻譯句子1. This is a hard work.2. He works very hard.3. I had an breakfast.4. Snow fell early this winter.5. I haven t seen him lately.6. He studied very hard.7. He could hard

46、ly speak French.第七講：介詞定義：介詞又叫前置詞，是一種用來(lái)表示詞與詞、詞與句之間關(guān)系的詞，它一般放在名詞、代詞（賓 格）或動(dòng)t（動(dòng)詞ing形式）前面。1、in 在里面。 如：in the classroomin+顏色，穿著顏色的衣服。如：Who s the man in white?in +語(yǔ)言，用某種語(yǔ)言說(shuō)。如：What s this in English?在上午、下午、晚上。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening在年、月、季節(jié)前。如：in 2008, in August, in summer在國(guó)家、城市和較大的

47、地方前 。如：in China, in Wuxi, in the playground 固定搭配。 如：inthe middle of （在中間），do well in （擅長(zhǎng)），in the day （在白天）,takepart in （參加），stay in bed （躺在床上），in the street （在街上）2、on4上面。 如：on the desk在某一天（上、下午）前 。如：on the 5th of May, on Sunday on Monday morning以 Day 結(jié)尾的節(jié)日前。如：on Children s Dayn New Year s Day固定搭配。如：

48、on foot （步行），on duty （值日），put on （穿上），get on （上車）turn on （打開(kāi)）,on the right / left （在右邊/左邊）,on the wall （在墻上），on ZhongshanRoad （在中山路上）注 意：樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)的水果用on the tree;不是樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)的外來(lái)物 用in the tree。如：I can see a lot of apples on the tree. There is a boy in the tree.3、at某個(gè)時(shí)刻前。如：at seven o clock傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日前。如：at Spring Festiva

49、l, at Mid-Autumn Festival, at Christmas較小的地點(diǎn)。如：at the bus stopd0定搭配。如：at once （立刻，馬上）,be good at （擅長(zhǎng)）,look at （看）,at home （在家）,at school （在學(xué)校）,at weekends （在周末）,at the back of （在后部）,at night （在夜晚）4、under 在下面 如：There is a cat under the table.5、 behind 在后面 如：There is an umbrella behind the door.6、near

50、 靠近 如：There is a park near my house.7、 beside 在旁邊 如：The students are standing beside the teacher.8、 next to 緊靠旁邊 如：The teachers office is next to our classroom.9、before （時(shí)間上）在 之前 如：before class （上課前）10、after（時(shí)間上）在 之后；依照固定搭配：after class （課后），after school （放學(xué)后），look after （照看）,run after （追趕），read afte

51、r me （跟我讀）11、between 在兩者之間 如：There are some trees between Building A and Building B.12、by 乘某種交通工具 如：by bus, by plane, by the way （順便說(shuō)一下）13、frombe from = come from （來(lái)自） 如： Mr Smiths is/comes from Australia.from to （從至U） We go to school from Monday to Friday.14、to至ij、去 如：Let s go to the zoO.定搭配：write

52、to （給 xx 寫信）15、about 關(guān)于；大約如:I want to buy a book about animals. It s about one kilometer away.16、for 為、給 如：Here s a letter for you.What s for breakfast?固定搭配：look for （尋找），wait for （等候）17、with起。 如：I ll go shopping with my mother.M有某種特征。如： Who s the boy with big eyes?help. with.在某方面幫助某人如：Can you help me with my English?play with. 和一起玩； 拿玩 如：play with me, play with a yo-yo18、in front of 在前面 如：There is a tree in front of the classroom.in the front of 在前部 如：There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.19、along 沿著，順著 如： Go along this street.20、as 作為 如