形容詞和副詞講解及試

1、形容詞和副詞講解及試作者:日期:形容詞和副詞講解一、形容詞用來(lái)修飾名詞，表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征的詞，叫形容詞。形容詞的作用，見(jiàn)下表：作用例句定語(yǔ)You can see a lot of beautifulflowers in the garden.表語(yǔ)Your coat is too small.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足 語(yǔ)The old woma n keeps everyth ing clea n and tidy.注意：有些形容詞只能作表語(yǔ)，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如：Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep

2、. The old man is alone.形容詞用來(lái)修飾 somethi ng, anything, nothing, everyth ing 等不定代詞，要放在這些 詞的后面。例如：You'd better tell us something interesting.The police found nothing strange in the room.多個(gè)形容詞做定語(yǔ)時(shí)排列的先后順序是：1 ）冠詞或人稱(chēng)代詞2）數(shù)詞3）性質(zhì)4）大小5）形狀6）表示老少，新舊7）顏色8）事務(wù)、質(zhì)地、人的國(guó)籍、用途。例如：His grandpa still lives in this small

3、short house.他爺爺還住在這個(gè)矮小的房子里。形容詞名詞化：有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，表示一類(lèi)人，謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)。這類(lèi)詞有：rich / poor;good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / wh ite （表示人種等）。例如：The young should take good care of the old.年輕人應(yīng)該好好照顧老人。表示數(shù)量的詞組。如：One day, a young man, twenty-five years old, came to visit the profess

4、or.I live in a building about fifty meters high.形容詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)時(shí)要后置。如：They are the students easy to teach.else要放在疑問(wèn)代詞或復(fù)合不定詞之后。如：Did you see anybody else?二、副詞英語(yǔ)中副詞的位置和漢語(yǔ)不盡相同，它的位置比較靈活。 通常用作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、詞、副詞等。下面來(lái)介紹一下副詞的分類(lèi)方法：多數(shù)副詞都可以放在它所修飾的動(dòng)詞后面。如：We are living happily. He runs slowly.時(shí)間副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞和方式副詞一般放在句末。如：They went

5、to the park yesterday morning. He drove the jeep carefully.注意：有時(shí)表示時(shí)間的副詞也可放在句首，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如：Yesterday I got up late.頻度副詞一般放在 be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞及第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前女口： He is seldom ill.他很少生病。You must always remember this.你一定要記住這一點(diǎn)。注意：有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，頻度副詞也可放在句首。如：Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to sc

6、hool bike.有時(shí)她乘公共汽車(chē)上學(xué)，有時(shí)騎自行車(chē)去。程度副詞修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，與頻度副詞相同，修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)，放在它所修飾的詞前面。如： That's quite early.那很早。I nearly missed the bus.我?guī)缀蹂e(cuò)過(guò)了公交車(chē)。否定副詞一般放在動(dòng)詞之前、系動(dòng)詞be或助動(dòng)詞之后。如：She seldom goes out at night.疑問(wèn)副詞放在特殊疑問(wèn)句的句首。如：When can you come?關(guān)系副詞when, where, why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，位于從句之前、所修飾的詞之后。如：Tell me the reason why you did i

7、t.同時(shí)存在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般放在后面。如：The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.形容by注：有些詞既可用做形容詞也可副詞。如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time. Open your mouth wide.三、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化方法如下：1）符合規(guī)則的：情況加法例詞一般情況直接加-er ; -esttall-tall

8、er-tallest以e結(jié)尾的詞加-;-stnice-nicer-ni cest以輔音+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er ; -estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的 詞輔音字母雙寫(xiě)，再加-er ;-estthin-thinn er-thi nn est多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)單詞在詞前力卩 more ; mostmore delicious most delicious2）幾個(gè)不規(guī)則的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)如下表:原級(jí)比較級(jí)最咼級(jí)good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , much

9、moremostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法級(jí) 別比較程度表達(dá)方式和意義例句備注原同肯Art is as interesting等疋As+原級(jí)+asas music.程形（像一樣）Play as well as you級(jí)度式can.否 疋 形 式not + so (as) + 原級(jí)+as(不如那樣)English is not so di fficult as scienee. She does not study so well as I do.比較級(jí)不同程度（用于兩者比較）比較級(jí)+tha

10、 n(比)Jim is older than L uky.I like pork better th an beef.比較級(jí) 前面可 以加much, f ar, eve n, still, a lot, a little, a bit 等程度加深比較級(jí)+a nd+比較級(jí) （越來(lái)越 ）The +比較級(jí),the + 比較級(jí)（越，越）He is growing taller and taller.He studies better an d better.The more books she reads, the better sh e un dersta nd.最 高 級(jí)最高程度（用于三者或三者以

11、上）The +最高級(jí)+of (in)(最)Spring is the best s eason of the year. Lin Tao jumped (th e) farthest of all.副詞最 高級(jí)前 面的the往往省 略注意：有些形容詞，如dead, empty, round, sure, woolen等受本身含義的限制，沒(méi)有比較級(jí)。形容詞和副詞練習(xí)題1. He is friends than I.A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more解析：后面有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，many的比較級(jí)形式為 many more修飾。2. W

12、hich is the country, Japan or Australia?A. more developed B. more develop ing C. most developed D. most develop in g解析：兩者比較用比較級(jí)，表示"發(fā)達(dá)"用developed,而developing 是"發(fā)展中的"意思3. There were shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A. little B. few C. fewer D. less解析：little不能修飾可數(shù)名詞，兩者比較需用比較級(jí)4

13、. If you are not free today, come another day .A. too B. so C. in stead D. yet解析：in stead作副詞用時(shí)意為"代替，頂替”，表示前面的事情沒(méi)做，而是做了后面的事。In stead 一般位于句首。5. He can't tell us , I think.A. important anything B. anything importantC. important something D. something important.解析：不定代詞與形容詞聯(lián)用需后置，否定句中應(yīng)該用anything而

14、不是someth in g.因此6. The Huang River is the second river in our country.A. long B. Ion ger C. Ion gest D. the Ion gest解析："定冠詞the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)”表示"第幾大”7. The light in the office was n't for him to read.A. eno ugh bright B. bright eno ugh C. brightly D. eno ugh brightly解析：enough修飾名詞時(shí)可前可后，修飾形容

15、詞或副詞時(shí)，要后置。8. There was an accide nt at the corner. , the girl was n't hurt.A. luckily, badly B. luck, hardly C. Lucky, heavily D. Lucky, strongly解析：第一空修飾全句需用副詞，第二空修飾形容詞hurt也要用副詞9. You must keep your eyes when you do eye exercises.A. close B. open C. closed D., opened 解析：此處需用形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。10. Five da

16、ys has passed , but I have n't fini shed half of the work. ,A. already B. still C. too D. yet解析：already與yet都可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。Already常用于肯定句，而yet常用與否定句。練習(xí)與鞏固選擇最佳答案填空：1. Don't worry, sir. rm sure I can run to catch up with them.A. slowly eno ugh B. eno ugh slowly C. fast eno ugh D. eno ugh fast2. The

17、text is very easy for you. There are new words in it.A. a few B. a little C. few D. little3. It's such an film that all the students are in it.A. interesting;interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting;interesting D.in terested; in terested; in terested4. Mingming got up very ,so he cam

18、e to school half an hour .A. late; lately B. lately; late C. lately; lately D. late; late5. I am worried about y parents' healthy conditions.A. some times B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times6. We don't have every day.A. a lot of school works B. many school work C. any school works D. much

19、school work7. -Look! How fast the two horses are running!-Oh, yes! They are nearly .A. up and down B. slower and slower C. more or less D. neck and neck8. children there are in family, their life will be.A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer9. Most of the

20、people in Guangdong are getting .A. more and more rich B. more rich and more rich C. richer and richer D. richer and richest10. Which less on is , this one or that one?A. difficult B. much difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult11. "A accident happened at 7:30 a.m." said the poli

21、ceman .A. serious, serious B. seriously, seriously C. seriously, serious D. serious, seriously12. is it from our school to Lupu Bridge?A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much13. In our city, it is in July, but it is even in August.A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter1

22、4. This pencil is that one.A.so long asB.asIon ger as C. Ion gertha nD. not asIon gest as15. The stationistwokilometers thehospital.A.away to B.far away C. far fromD. awayfrom16. Beijing has many busesthatthereis often atraffic jam in rush hours.A. so B. very C. too D. much17. This box is heavy I ca

23、n't carry it.A. too, to B. so, that C. very, that D. too, that18. India has the second population in the world.A. larger B. most C. smallest D. largest19. Mary received many postcards at Christmas.A. so B. such C. too D. even20. The cake smells . Please throw it away.A. good B. badly C. bad D. w

24、ell21. - What was the weather like yesterday?-It was terrible. It rained so that people could go out.A. hardly hard B. hardly hardly C. hard hardly D. hard hard22. The meeti ng will be held in half an hour, but they have n't got everythi ng ready.A. ever B. already C. yet D. still23. - What about the English novel?-It's not very difficult. There are only new words in it.A. few B. a few C. many D. a little24. How beautiful she sings! ve never heard .A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a bette