


版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領
文檔簡介
1、汽車焊接夾具設計外文文獻翻譯(含:英文原文及中文譯文)文獻出處:SemjonKim.DesignofAutomotiveWeldingFixturesJ.Computer-AidedDesign,2013,3(12):21-32.英文原文DesignofAutomotiveWeldingFixturesSemjonKim1AbstractAccordingtothedesigntheoryofcarbodyweldingfixture,theweldingfixtureandweldingbusofeachstationareplannedanddesigned.Thenthefixturei
2、smodeledandassembled.Thenumberandmodelofthefixturearedeterminedandtheaccessibilityisjudged.Designedtomeettherequirementsoftheweldingfixture.Keywords:weldedparts;foundation;clamping;position1IntroductionAssemblyandweldingfixturesarecloselyrelatedtotheproductionofhigh-qualityautomotiveequipmentinautom
3、otivebodyassemblyandweldinglines.Weldedfixturesareanimportantpartoftheweldingprocess.Assemblyandweldingfixturesarenotonlythewaytocompletetheassemblyofpartsinthisprocess,butalsoasatestandcalibrationprocedureontheproductionlinetocompletethetaskoftestingweldingaccessoriesandweldingquality.Therefore,the
4、designandmanufactureofweldingfixturesdirectlyaffecttheproductioncapacityandproductqualityoftheautomobileintheweldingprocess.Automotiveweldingfixturesareanimportantmeansofensuringtheirmanufacturingqualityandshorteningtheirmanufacturingcycle.Therefore,itisindispensabletocorrectlyunderstandthekeypoints
5、ofweldingfixturedesign,improveandincreasethedesignmeansanddesignlevelofweldingfixtures,andimprovetheadjustmentandverificationleveloffixtures.Itisalsoanautomanufacturingcompanyinthefiercecompetition.Theproblemthatmustbesolvedtosurvive.Thestyleofthecarisdifferentfromthatofthecar.Therefore,theshapeofth
6、eweldingjigisverydifferent.However,thedesign,manufacture,andadjustmentarecommonandcanbeusedforreference.2. StructuraldesignofweldingfixtureThestructuredesignoftheweldingfixtureensuresthatthecliphasgoodoperationalconvenienceandreliablepositioningofthefixture.Manufacturersofweldingfixturescanalsoeasil
7、yintegrateadjustmentstoensurethatthesurfacesofthevariouspartsofthestructureshouldallowenoughroomforadjustmentstoensurethree-dimensionaladjustment.Ofcourse,underthepremiseofensuringtheaccuracyoftheweldingjig,thestructureoftheweldingjigshouldbeassimpleaspossible.Thefixturedesignisusuallythepositionofa
8、llcomponentsonthefixtureisdetermineddirectlybasedonthedesignbasis,andultimatelyensurethatthequalifiedweldingfixturestructureismanufactured.Accordingtotheworkingheight,theheightofthefixturebottomplatecanbepreliminarilydetermined,thatis,theheightofthefixturefixingposition.Theweldingfixturedesignmustfi
9、rstconsidertheclampingmethod.Therearetwotypes,manualandpneumatic.Manualclampingisgenerallysuitableforsmallparts,externalparts,andsmallbatchesofworkpieces.Forlargebodyparts,planningintheproductionline,automationHigh-demandweldingfixturesshouldbepneumaticallyclamped.Automobileproductionisgenerallypneu
10、maticallyclamped,andmanualmassclampingcanbeusedasauxiliaryclamping.Thiscanreducecostsaccordingly.Somemanualclampingproductsalreadyhavestandardmodelsandquantities,whichcanbepurchasedinthemarketwhenneeded.Forsomedevices,pneumaticclampingisspecified,butifpneumaticclampingisused,theworkpiecemaybedamaged
11、.Therefore,itispossibletomanuallypresstheplacefirsttoprovideapneumaticclampingforcetoclamptheworkpiece.Thisismanual-pneumatic.Thefixtureclampingsystemismountedonalargeplatform,allofwhicharefixedinthisweldingpositiontoensurethattheweldingconditionsshouldmeetthedesigndimensionsoftheworkpiececoordinate
12、systempositioningfixture,whichinvolvesthebenchmark.2.1 BenchmarksofassemblyandweldingfixturesandtheirchosensupportsurfacesDeterminationofdesignbasisInordertoensurethatthethree-dimensionalcoordinatesoftheautomaticweldmentsystemareconsistent,allweldingfixturesmusthaveacommonreferenceinthesystem.Theben
13、chmarkisthefixturemountingplatform.ThisistheX,Ycoordinate,eachspecificcomponentisfixedatthecorrespondingpositionontheplatform,andhasacorrespondingheight.Therefore,theZcoordinateshouldbecoordinated,andathree-dimensionalXYZcoordinatesystemisestablished.Inordertofacilitatetheinstallationandmeasuremento
14、fthefixture,themountingplatformmusthavecoordinatesforreference.Thereareusuallythreetypes.Thestructureisasfollows:2.1.1 ReferenceholemethodTherearefourreferenceholesinthedesignoftheinstallationplatform,inwhichthetwodirectionsofthecentercoordinatesofeachholeandthecoordinatesofthefourholesconstitutetwo
15、mutuallyperpendicularlines.ThisisthecollectionontheXYplanecoordinatesystem.Theestablishmentofthisbenchmarkisrelativelysimpleandeasytoprocess,butthemeasurementsandbenchmarksusedatthesametimeareaccurate.Anyshapeiscomposedofspatialpoints.Allgeometricmeasurementscanbeattributedtomeasurementsofspatialpoi
16、nts.Accuratespatialcoordinateacquisitionisthereforethebasisforassessinganygeometricshape.ReferenceAcoordinateddirectionformedbyonesideneartwodatums.2.1.2 v-typedetectionmethodInthismethod,themountingplatformisdividedintotwo90-degreeranges.Thelinesofthetwoaxesmakeupaplane-mountedplatform.Theplaneispe
17、rpendiculartotheplatform.ThesurfaceformsofthesetwoaxisgroovesXYplanecoordinatesystem.2.1.3 ReferenceblockmethodReferenceUsingthesideblockperpendiculartothe3DXYZcoordinatesystem,thebaseofagageand3to4blockscanbemounteddirectlyontheplatform,orabearingfixingfixtureplatformcanbeadded,buttheheightoftheref
18、erenceplanemustbeusedtocontroltheheight,mustensurethesamedirection.Whenmanufacturing,itismoredifficulttoadjusttheprevioustwomethodsoftheblock,butthiskindofmeasurementisextremelyconvenient,especiallyusingtheCMMmeasurement.Thismethodrequiresarelativelylowsurfacemountplatformforthereferenceblock,soalar
19、gersizedmountingplatformshouldusethismethod.Eachfixturemusthaveafixedcoordinatesystem.Inthiscoordinatesystem,itssupportingbasecoordinatedimensionsshouldsupporttheworkpieceandthecoordinatescorrespondtothesamesize.Sothechoiceofbearingsurfaceinthewholeweldingfixturesystem3.2Whenthebearingsurfaceisselec
20、ted,theanglebetweenthetangentplaneandthemountingplatformonthefixedsurfaceoftheweldingtestpieceshallnotbegreaterthan15degrees.Theinspectionsurfaceshouldbethesameastheweldedpipefittingsasmuchaspossiblefortheconvenienceofflatsurfacetreatmentandadjustment.Thesurfacestructureofthebearingshouldbedesigneds
21、othatthemodulecanbeeasilyhandled,andthisnumbercanbeusedforthenumericalcontrolofthebearingsurfaceoftheproduct.Ofcourse,designingthevehiclebodycoordinatepointisnotnecessarilysuitableforthebearingsurface,especiallytheNCfixture.ThisrequiresthesupportofthefixturetoblocktheaccesspointS,basedonwhichthedigi
22、talsurfaceisestablished.Thissurfaceshouldbeconsistentwiththesupportedsurface.Soatthistime,itiseasierandeasiertomanufacturethebasepointS,CNCmachining,precisionmachiningandassemblyanddebugging.3.2BasicrequirementsforweldingfixtureIntheprocessofautomobileassemblyandproduction,therearecertainrequirement
23、sforthefixture.First,accordingtothedesignoftheautomobileandtherequirementsoftheweldingprocess,theshape,sizeandprecisionofthefixturehavereachedthedesignrequirementsandtechnicalrequirements.Thisisalinkthatcannotbeignored,andthefirstconsiderationinthedesignofweldingfixtureisconsidered.Whenassembling,th
24、epartsorpartsoftheassemblyshouldbeconsistentwiththepositionofthedesigndrawingsofthecarandtightenwiththefixture.Atthesametime,thepositionshouldbeadjustedtoensurethatthepositionoftheassemblypartsisclampedaccuratelysoastoavoidthedeformationormovementofthepartsduringthewelding.Therefore,thisputsforwardh
25、igherrequirementsforweldingjig.Inordertoensurethesmoothprocessofautomobileweldingandimprovetheproductionefficiencyandeconomicbenefit,theworkersoperateconveniently,reducethestrengthofthewelderswork,ensuretheprecisionoftheautomobileassemblyandimprovethequalityoftheautomobileproduction.Therefore,whenth
26、efixturedesignisdesigned,thedesignstructureshouldberelativelysimple,ithasgoodoperability,itisrelativelyeasytomakeandmaintain,andthereplacementoffixturepartsismoreconvenientwhenthefixturepartsaredamaged,andthecostisrelativelyeconomicalandreasonable.Buttheweldingfixturemustmeettheconstructiontechnolog
27、yrequirements.Whenthefixtureiswelded,thestructureofthefixtureshouldbeopensothattheweldingequipmentiseasytoclosetotheworkingposition,whichreducesthelaborintensityoftheworkersandimprovestheproductionefficiency.3. PositiontheworkpieceThegeneralpositionoftheworkpiecesurfacefeaturesisdeterminedrelativeto
28、theholeortheapparentpositioningreferencesurface.Itiscommonlyusedasalocatingpinassembly.Itisdividedintotwoparts:clampingpositioningandfixedpositioning.Takingintoaccounttheweldingpositionandallweldingequipment,itisnotpossibletoinfluencetheremovalofthefinalweld,butalsotoallowtheweldingclamportorchtorea
29、chtheweldingposition.Fortrulyinfluentialpositioningpinsandthelike,considerusingmovablepositioningpins.Inordertofacilitatetheentryandexitofparts,telescopicpositioningpinsareavailable.Thespecificstructurecanbefoundinthemanual.Theinstallationofweldingfixturesshouldbeconvenientforconstruction,andtheresh
30、ouldbeenoughspaceforassemblyandwelding.Itmustnotaffecttheweldingoperationandtheweldersobservation,anditdoesnothindertheloadingandunloadingoftheweldment.Allpositioningelementsandclampingmechanismsshouldbekeptataproperdistancefromthesolderjointsorbeplacedunderoronthesurfaceoftheweldment.Theactuatoroft
31、heclampingmechanismshouldbeabletoflexorindex.Accordingtotheformationprinciple,theworkpieceisclampedandpositioned.Thenopenthefixturetoremovetheworkpiece.Makesurethefixturedoesnotinterferewithopeningandclosing.Inordertoreducetheauxiliarytimeforloadingandunloadingworkpieces,theclampingdeviceshouldusehi
32、gh-efficiencyandquickdevicesandmulti-pointlinkagemechanisms.Forthin-platestampings,thepointofapplicationoftheclampingforceshouldactonthebearingsurface.Onlypartsthatareveryrigidcanbeallowedtoactintheplaneformedbyseveralbearingpointssothattheclampingforcedoesnotbendtheworkpieceordeviatefromtheposition
33、ingreference.Inaddition,itmustbedesignedsothatitdoesnotpinchthehandwhentheclampingmechanismisclampedtoopen.4. WorkstationmobilizationofweldingpartsMostautomotivesolderfittingsaresolderedtocompleteinseveralprocesses.Therefore,itneedsatransmissiondevice.Usuallytheworkpieceshouldavoidtheinterferenceoft
34、heweldingfixturebeforetransmission.Thefirststepistolifttheworkpiece.Thisrequirestheuseofanelevator,acrane,arackandpinion,etc.TheracksandgearsatthistimeStructure,theirstructuralprocessing,connectionisnotassimpleasthecompletionofthestructureofthetransmissionbetweentheusualconnectionstructureofthestati
35、on,thereareseveralforms,suchasgears,rackdrivemechanism,transmissionmechanism,rockermechanism,duetothereciprocatingmotion,shakeThetransferofthearmmechanismtothecommissioningisbetterthantheotherone,sothecommonrockerarmtransfermechanismisgenerallyused.6ConclusionInrecentyears,howtocorrectlyandreasonabl
36、ysettheauxiliarypositioningsupportforautomotiveweldingfixturesisanextremelycomplicatedsystemproblem.Althoughwehaveaccumulatedsomeexperienceinthisarea,thereisstillmuchtobelearnedinthisfield.Learnandresearchtoprovidenewtheoreticalsupportforcontinuousdevelopmentandinnovationinthefieldofweldingfixturede
37、sign.WiththedevelopmentoftheChineseautomotiveindustry,moreandmoreweldingfixturesareneeded.Althoughtheprincipleofthefixtureisverysimple,therealdesignandmanufactureofahigh-qualityweldingfixturesystemisanextremelycomplicatedproject.中文譯文汽車焊接夾具的設計SemjonKim1摘要依據(jù)車體焊裝線夾具設計理論,對各工位焊接夾具及其焊裝總線進行規(guī)劃、設計,之后進行夾具建模、裝
38、配,插入焊鉗確定其數(shù)量、型號及判斷其可達性,最終設計出符合要求的焊接夾具。關鍵詞:焊接部件;基礎;夾緊;位置1引言裝配和焊接夾具在汽車車身裝配和焊接生產(chǎn)線與生產(chǎn)制造優(yōu)質(zhì)的汽車設備息息相關。焊裝夾具,是焊接工藝的重要組成部分。裝配和焊接夾具除了是完成這個過程中零部件裝配的途徑和定位,同時在生產(chǎn)線上也作為一個測試和校準程序,完成檢測焊接配件和焊接質(zhì)量的任務。因此焊裝夾具的設計和制造,直接影響焊接過程中汽車的生產(chǎn)能力和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。汽車焊裝夾具是保證其制造質(zhì)量、縮短其制造周期的重要手段。因此,正確理解焊裝夾具設計要點,改善和提高焊裝夾具的設計手段和設計水平,并提高夾具的調(diào)整和驗證水平等三方面都是必不可少
39、的,也是汽車制造公司在激烈的競爭中得以生存所必須解決的問題。汽車的風格不同,焊接夾具的形狀,因而有著很大的不同,但在設計、制造和調(diào)整都是共同的,可以借鑒采用。2焊接夾具的結構設計焊接夾具的結構設計,確保該夾具有良好的操作方便性、裝夾定位的可靠性。焊裝夾具的制造商也很容易集成的調(diào)整,以保證結構各部分的表面應該允許足夠的空間用于調(diào)整,以確保立體可調(diào)。當然,在確保焊接夾具質(zhì)量準確性的前提下,焊接夾具的結構應盡可能簡單。夾具設計通常是夾具上全部元件的位置都是直接根據(jù)設計基準確定的,最終保證制造出合格的焊接工裝結構。根據(jù)作業(yè)高度可初步?jīng)Q定夾具底板的高度,即夾具固定位置的高度。焊接夾具設計首先要考慮夾緊方
40、式,一般有手動和氣動兩種,手動夾緊一般適合于小件、外協(xié)件、小批量工件焊裝,對于大型車體部件、規(guī)劃于生產(chǎn)線內(nèi)、白動化程度要求高的焊接夾具宜選用氣動夾緊,汽車生產(chǎn)的一般采用氣動夾緊,然后手工大批量夾緊可作為輔助夾緊。這樣可以相應的降低成本。部分手動夾緊產(chǎn)品已擁有標準的型號和數(shù)量,需要時可以到市場購買即可。對于某些裝置,規(guī)定采用氣動夾緊,但如果直接使用氣動夾緊,可能損壞的工件,所以,可以由人工先按地方,來提供一種氣動夾緊力夾緊工件,這是手動-氣動。該夾具夾緊系統(tǒng)是安裝在一個大平臺,所有固定在此保證焊接位置的焊接條件應符合設計尺寸的工件坐標系定位夾具,這牽涉到的基裝配和焊接夾具的基準和他們所選擇的支撐
41、面3.1設計基準的確定為了確保白動焊件系統(tǒng)的三維空間坐標一致,所有的焊裝夾具在該系統(tǒng)中必須有一個共同的基準。該基準是夾具安裝平臺,這是X,Y坐標、每一個具體部件都固定在平臺相應位置,要具有相應的高度,所以,應協(xié)調(diào)Z坐標,由此建立了三維XYZ坐標系統(tǒng)。為了方便夾具的安裝及測量、安裝平臺必須有坐標的參考,通常有三種類型。結構如下:3.1.1基準孔的方法安裝平臺設計時有四個基準孔,其中每一個孔圓心坐標的兩個方向、四個孔的坐標構成兩條相互垂直的線。這就是,XY平面坐標系統(tǒng)上集合。這個基準的建立相對簡單,易加工,但同時使用的測量與基準精確。任何形狀都是由空間點組成的,所有的幾何量測量都可以歸結為空間點的
42、測量,因此精確進行空間點坐標的采集,是評定任何幾何形狀的基礎。參考一側靠近兩個基準形成的一個協(xié)調(diào)的方向。3.1.2v型檢測法這種方法是在這一過程中安裝平臺分為每兩個90度范圍的,這兩條軸線的線組成一平面垂直安裝的平臺,這樣平面垂直于平臺,這兩個軸線溝槽的表面形式XY平面坐標系統(tǒng)。3.1.3參考試塊法參考使用側塊垂直于三維XYZ坐標系統(tǒng),通常是一個檢具的底座與3到4塊可直接安裝在平臺上,也可以添加一個軸承固定夾具平臺,但需要參考塊的最后一個平面來控制高度,必須保證方向一致。制造時,調(diào)整塊在前面的兩種方法是較為困難的,但這種測量極為方便,尤其是使用CMM測量。該方法要求用的基準塊平面加工安裝平臺相對較低,所以大一點的尺寸的安裝平臺應該使用這種方法。每個夾具必須具有固定坐標系統(tǒng),在這個坐標系統(tǒng),它的支撐基礎坐標尺寸應該支持工件以及坐標對應于同樣的大小。所以在整個的焊裝夾具系統(tǒng)3.2軸承表面的選擇軸承表面選擇時,使
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 2025年新興題型ACCESS試題及答案
- 戀愛合同協(xié)議書制作教程
- 計算機二級VB考試難度趨勢及試題及答案
- 學習資源選擇ACCESS試題及答案
- 屋頂漏雨維修合同協(xié)議書
- 2025年嵌入式系統(tǒng)實施試題及答案
- JAVA設計數(shù)據(jù)結構與算法題試題及答案
- 商鋪隔墻拆墻合同協(xié)議書
- 營造成功2025年VFP考試試題及答案
- 婚慶合同延期協(xié)議書范本
- 病假醫(yī)療期申請單(新修訂)
- 鉆孔樁鉆孔記錄表(旋挖鉆)
- 660MW機組金屬監(jiān)督項目
- JBK-698CX淬火機數(shù)控系統(tǒng)
- ZJUTTOP100理工類學術期刊目錄(2018年版)
- 心理學在船舶安全管理中的應用
- JJF(鄂) 90-2021 電子輥道秤校準規(guī)范(高清版)
- 超星爾雅學習通《今天的日本》章節(jié)測試含答案
- 餐飲量化分級
- 三一重工SCC2000履帶吊履帶式起重機技術參數(shù)
- [精品]GA38-2004《銀行營業(yè)場所風險等級和防護級別的規(guī)定》
評論
0/150
提交評論